Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref
annotate Doc/lib/xmlsaxhandler.tex @ 20737:00a581bdedeb legacy-trunk
When overriding __str__ or __repr__, set the tp_print slot to NULL.
| author | Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Mon, 29 Oct 2001 14:33:44 +0000 |
| parents | 376ee174ecd0 |
| children | 6027fdf1ebda |
| rev | line source |
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1 \section{\module{xml.sax.handler} --- |
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2 Base classes for SAX handlers} |
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3 |
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4 \declaremodule{standard}{xml.sax.handler} |
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5 \modulesynopsis{Base classes for SAX event handlers.} |
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6 \sectionauthor{Martin v. L\"owis}{loewis@informatik.hu-berlin.de} |
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7 \moduleauthor{Lars Marius Garshol}{larsga@garshol.priv.no} |
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8 |
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9 \versionadded{2.0} |
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10 |
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11 |
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12 The SAX API defines four kinds of handlers: content handlers, DTD |
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13 handlers, error handlers, and entity resolvers. Applications normally |
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14 only need to implement those interfaces whose events they are |
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15 interested in; they can implement the interfaces in a single object or |
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16 in multiple objects. Handler implementations should inherit from the |
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17 base classes provided in the module \module{xml.sax}, so that all |
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18 methods get default implementations. |
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19 |
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20 \begin{classdesc}{ContentHandler}{} |
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21 This is the main callback interface in SAX, and the one most |
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22 important to applications. The order of events in this interface |
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23 mirrors the order of the information in the document. |
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24 \end{classdesc} |
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25 |
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26 \begin{classdesc}{DTDHandler}{} |
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27 Handle DTD events. |
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28 |
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29 This interface specifies only those DTD events required for basic |
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30 parsing (unparsed entities and attributes). |
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31 \end{classdesc} |
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32 |
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33 \begin{classdesc}{EntityResolver}{} |
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34 Basic interface for resolving entities. If you create an object |
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35 implementing this interface, then register the object with your |
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36 Parser, the parser will call the method in your object to resolve all |
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37 external entities. |
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38 \end{classdesc} |
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39 |
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40 \begin{classdesc}{ErrorHandler}{} |
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41 Interface used by the parser to present error and warning messages |
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42 to the application. The methods of this object control whether errors |
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43 are immediately converted to exceptions or are handled in some other |
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44 way. |
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45 \end{classdesc} |
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46 |
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47 In addition to these classes, \module{xml.sax.handler} provides |
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48 symbolic constants for the feature and property names. |
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49 |
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50 \begin{datadesc}{feature_namespaces} |
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51 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/features/namespaces"}\\ |
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52 true: Perform Namespace processing (default).\\ |
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53 false: Optionally do not perform Namespace processing |
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54 (implies namespace-prefixes).\\ |
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55 access: (parsing) read-only; (not parsing) read/write\\ |
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56 \end{datadesc} |
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57 |
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58 \begin{datadesc}{feature_namespace_prefixes} |
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59 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/features/namespace-prefixes"}\\ |
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60 true: Report the original prefixed names and attributes used for Namespace |
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61 declarations.\\ |
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62 false: Do not report attributes used for Namespace declarations, and |
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63 optionally do not report original prefixed names (default).\\ |
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64 access: (parsing) read-only; (not parsing) read/write |
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65 \end{datadesc} |
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66 |
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67 \begin{datadesc}{feature_string_interning} |
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68 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/features/string-interning"} |
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69 true: All element names, prefixes, attribute names, Namespace URIs, and |
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70 local names are interned using the built-in intern function.\\ |
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71 false: Names are not necessarily interned, although they may be (default).\\ |
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72 access: (parsing) read-only; (not parsing) read/write |
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73 \end{datadesc} |
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74 |
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75 \begin{datadesc}{feature_validation} |
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76 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/features/validation"}\\ |
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77 true: Report all validation errors (implies external-general-entities and |
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78 external-parameter-entities).\\ |
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79 false: Do not report validation errors.\\ |
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80 access: (parsing) read-only; (not parsing) read/write |
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81 \end{datadesc} |
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82 |
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83 \begin{datadesc}{feature_external_ges} |
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84 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/features/external-general-entities"}\\ |
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85 true: Include all external general (text) entities.\\ |
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86 false: Do not include external general entities.\\ |
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87 access: (parsing) read-only; (not parsing) read/write |
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88 \end{datadesc} |
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89 |
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90 \begin{datadesc}{feature_external_pes} |
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91 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/features/external-parameter-entities"}\\ |
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92 true: Include all external parameter entities, including the external |
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93 DTD subset.\\ |
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94 false: Do not include any external parameter entities, even the external |
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95 DTD subset.\\ |
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96 access: (parsing) read-only; (not parsing) read/write |
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97 \end{datadesc} |
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98 |
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99 \begin{datadesc}{all_features} |
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100 List of all features. |
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101 \end{datadesc} |
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102 |
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103 \begin{datadesc}{property_lexical_handler} |
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104 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/properties/lexical-handler"}\\ |
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105 data type: xml.sax.sax2lib.LexicalHandler (not supported in Python 2)\\ |
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106 description: An optional extension handler for lexical events like comments.\\ |
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107 access: read/write |
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108 \end{datadesc} |
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109 |
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110 \begin{datadesc}{property_declaration_handler} |
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111 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/properties/declaration-handler"}\\ |
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112 data type: xml.sax.sax2lib.DeclHandler (not supported in Python 2)\\ |
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113 description: An optional extension handler for DTD-related events other |
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114 than notations and unparsed entities.\\ |
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115 access: read/write |
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116 \end{datadesc} |
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117 |
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118 \begin{datadesc}{property_dom_node} |
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119 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/properties/dom-node"}\\ |
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120 data type: org.w3c.dom.Node (not supported in Python 2) \\ |
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121 description: When parsing, the current DOM node being visited if this is |
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122 a DOM iterator; when not parsing, the root DOM node for |
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123 iteration.\\ |
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124 access: (parsing) read-only; (not parsing) read/write |
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125 \end{datadesc} |
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126 |
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127 \begin{datadesc}{property_xml_string} |
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128 Value: \code{"http://xml.org/sax/properties/xml-string"}\\ |
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129 data type: String\\ |
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130 description: The literal string of characters that was the source for |
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131 the current event.\\ |
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132 access: read-only |
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133 \end{datadesc} |
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134 |
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135 \begin{datadesc}{all_properties} |
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136 List of all known property names. |
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137 \end{datadesc} |
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138 |
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139 |
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140 \subsection{ContentHandler Objects \label{content-handler-objects}} |
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141 |
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142 Users are expected to subclass \class{ContentHandler} to support their |
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143 application. The following methods are called by the parser on the |
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144 appropriate events in the input document: |
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145 |
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146 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{setDocumentLocator}{locator} |
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147 Called by the parser to give the application a locator for locating |
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148 the origin of document events. |
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149 |
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150 SAX parsers are strongly encouraged (though not absolutely required) |
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151 to supply a locator: if it does so, it must supply the locator to |
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152 the application by invoking this method before invoking any of the |
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153 other methods in the DocumentHandler interface. |
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154 |
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155 The locator allows the application to determine the end position of |
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156 any document-related event, even if the parser is not reporting an |
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157 error. Typically, the application will use this information for |
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158 reporting its own errors (such as character content that does not |
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159 match an application's business rules). The information returned by |
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160 the locator is probably not sufficient for use with a search engine. |
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161 |
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162 Note that the locator will return correct information only during |
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163 the invocation of the events in this interface. The application |
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164 should not attempt to use it at any other time. |
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165 \end{methoddesc} |
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166 |
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167 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{startDocument}{} |
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168 Receive notification of the beginning of a document. |
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169 |
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170 The SAX parser will invoke this method only once, before any other |
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171 methods in this interface or in DTDHandler (except for |
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172 \method{setDocumentLocator()}). |
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173 \end{methoddesc} |
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174 |
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175 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{endDocument}{} |
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176 Receive notification of the end of a document. |
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177 |
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178 The SAX parser will invoke this method only once, and it will be the |
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179 last method invoked during the parse. The parser shall not invoke |
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180 this method until it has either abandoned parsing (because of an |
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181 unrecoverable error) or reached the end of input. |
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182 \end{methoddesc} |
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183 |
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184 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{startPrefixMapping}{prefix, uri} |
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185 Begin the scope of a prefix-URI Namespace mapping. |
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186 |
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187 The information from this event is not necessary for normal |
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188 Namespace processing: the SAX XML reader will automatically replace |
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189 prefixes for element and attribute names when the |
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190 \code{http://xml.org/sax/features/namespaces} feature is true (the |
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191 default). |
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192 |
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193 %% XXX This is not really the default, is it? MvL |
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194 |
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195 There are cases, however, when applications need to use prefixes in |
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196 character data or in attribute values, where they cannot safely be |
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197 expanded automatically; the start/endPrefixMapping event supplies |
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198 the information to the application to expand prefixes in those |
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199 contexts itself, if necessary. |
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200 |
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201 Note that start/endPrefixMapping events are not guaranteed to be |
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202 properly nested relative to each-other: all |
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203 \method{startPrefixMapping()} events will occur before the |
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204 corresponding startElement event, and all \method{endPrefixMapping()} |
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205 events will occur after the corresponding \method{endElement()} event, |
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206 but their order is not guaranteed. |
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207 \end{methoddesc} |
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208 |
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209 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{endPrefixMapping}{prefix} |
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210 End the scope of a prefix-URI mapping. |
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211 |
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212 See \method{startPrefixMapping()} for details. This event will always |
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213 occur after the corresponding endElement event, but the order of |
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214 endPrefixMapping events is not otherwise guaranteed. |
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215 \end{methoddesc} |
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216 |
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217 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{startElement}{name, attrs} |
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218 Signals the start of an element in non-namespace mode. |
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219 |
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220 The \var{name} parameter contains the raw XML 1.0 name of the |
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221 element type as a string and the \var{attrs} parameter holds an |
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222 instance of the \class{Attributes} class containing the attributes |
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223 of the element. |
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224 \end{methoddesc} |
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225 |
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226 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{endElement}{name} |
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227 Signals the end of an element in non-namespace mode. |
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228 |
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229 The \var{name} parameter contains the name of the element type, just |
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230 as with the startElement event. |
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231 \end{methoddesc} |
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232 |
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233 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{startElementNS}{name, qname, attrs} |
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234 Signals the start of an element in namespace mode. |
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235 |
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236 The \var{name} parameter contains the name of the element type as a |
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237 (uri, localname) tuple, the \var{qname} parameter the raw XML 1.0 |
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238 name used in the source document, and the \var{attrs} parameter |
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239 holds an instance of the \class{AttributesNS} class containing the |
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240 attributes of the element. |
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241 |
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242 Parsers may set the \var{qname} parameter to \code{None}, unless the |
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243 \code{http://xml.org/sax/features/namespace-prefixes} feature is |
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244 activated. |
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245 \end{methoddesc} |
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246 |
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247 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{endElementNS}{name, qname} |
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248 Signals the end of an element in namespace mode. |
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249 |
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250 The \var{name} parameter contains the name of the element type, just |
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251 as with the startElementNS event, likewise the \var{qname} parameter. |
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252 \end{methoddesc} |
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253 |
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254 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{characters}{content} |
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255 Receive notification of character data. |
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256 |
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257 The Parser will call this method to report each chunk of character |
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258 data. SAX parsers may return all contiguous character data in a |
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259 single chunk, or they may split it into several chunks; however, all |
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260 of the characters in any single event must come from the same |
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261 external entity so that the Locator provides useful information. |
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262 |
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263 \var{content} may be a Unicode string or a byte string; the |
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264 \code{expat} reader module produces always Unicode strings. |
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265 |
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266 \note{The earlier SAX 1 interface provided by the Python |
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267 XML Special Interest Group used a more Java-like interface for this |
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268 method. Since most parsers used from Python did not take advantage |
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269 of the older interface, the simpler signature was chosen to replace |
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270 it. To convert old code to the new interface, use \var{content} |
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271 instead of slicing content with the old \var{offset} and |
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272 \var{length} parameters.} |
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273 \end{methoddesc} |
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274 |
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275 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{ignorableWhitespace}{} |
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276 Receive notification of ignorable whitespace in element content. |
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277 |
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278 Validating Parsers must use this method to report each chunk |
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279 of ignorable whitespace (see the W3C XML 1.0 recommendation, |
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280 section 2.10): non-validating parsers may also use this method |
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281 if they are capable of parsing and using content models. |
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282 |
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283 SAX parsers may return all contiguous whitespace in a single |
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284 chunk, or they may split it into several chunks; however, all |
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285 of the characters in any single event must come from the same |
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286 external entity, so that the Locator provides useful |
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287 information. |
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288 \end{methoddesc} |
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289 |
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290 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{processingInstruction}{target, data} |
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291 Receive notification of a processing instruction. |
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292 |
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293 The Parser will invoke this method once for each processing |
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294 instruction found: note that processing instructions may occur |
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295 before or after the main document element. |
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296 |
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297 A SAX parser should never report an XML declaration (XML 1.0, |
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298 section 2.8) or a text declaration (XML 1.0, section 4.3.1) using |
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299 this method. |
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300 \end{methoddesc} |
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301 |
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302 \begin{methoddesc}[ContentHandler]{skippedEntity}{name} |
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303 Receive notification of a skipped entity. |
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304 |
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305 The Parser will invoke this method once for each entity |
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306 skipped. Non-validating processors may skip entities if they have |
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307 not seen the declarations (because, for example, the entity was |
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308 declared in an external DTD subset). All processors may skip |
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309 external entities, depending on the values of the |
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310 \code{http://xml.org/sax/features/external-general-entities} and the |
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311 \code{http://xml.org/sax/features/external-parameter-entities} |
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312 properties. |
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313 \end{methoddesc} |
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314 |
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315 |
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316 \subsection{DTDHandler Objects \label{dtd-handler-objects}} |
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317 |
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318 \class{DTDHandler} instances provide the following methods: |
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319 |
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320 \begin{methoddesc}[DTDHandler]{notationDecl}{name, publicId, systemId} |
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321 Handle a notation declaration event. |
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322 \end{methoddesc} |
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323 |
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324 \begin{methoddesc}[DTDHandler]{unparsedEntityDecl}{name, publicId, |
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325 systemId, ndata} |
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326 Handle an unparsed entity declaration event. |
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327 \end{methoddesc} |
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328 |
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329 |
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330 \subsection{EntityResolver Objects \label{entity-resolver-objects}} |
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331 |
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332 \begin{methoddesc}[EntityResolver]{resolveEntity}{publicId, systemId} |
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333 Resolve the system identifier of an entity and return either the |
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334 system identifier to read from as a string, or an InputSource to |
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335 read from. The default implementation returns \var{systemId}. |
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336 \end{methoddesc} |
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337 |
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338 |
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339 \subsection{ErrorHandler Objects \label{sax-error-handler}} |
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340 |
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341 Objects with this interface are used to receive error and warning |
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342 information from the \class{XMLReader}. If you create an object that |
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343 implements this interface, then register the object with your |
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344 \class{XMLReader}, the parser will call the methods in your object to |
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345 report all warnings and errors. There are three levels of errors |
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346 available: warnings, (possibly) recoverable errors, and unrecoverable |
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347 errors. All methods take a \exception{SAXParseException} as the only |
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348 parameter. Errors and warnings may be converted to an exception by |
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349 raising the passed-in exception object. |
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350 |
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351 \begin{methoddesc}[ErrorHandler]{error}{exception} |
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352 Called when the parser encounters a recoverable error. If this method |
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353 does not raise an exception, parsing may continue, but further document |
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354 information should not be expected by the application. Allowing the |
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355 parser to continue may allow additional errors to be discovered in the |
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356 input document. |
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357 \end{methoddesc} |
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358 |
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359 \begin{methoddesc}[ErrorHandler]{fatalError}{exception} |
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360 Called when the parser encounters an error it cannot recover from; |
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361 parsing is expected to terminate when this method returns. |
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362 \end{methoddesc} |
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363 |
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364 \begin{methoddesc}[ErrorHandler]{warning}{exception} |
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365 Called when the parser presents minor warning information to the |
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366 application. Parsing is expected to continue when this method returns, |
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Added documentation on the ErrorHandler interface.
Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents:
15482
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changeset
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367 and document information will continue to be passed to the application. |
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e12b650f0fac
Added documentation on the ErrorHandler interface.
Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents:
15482
diff
changeset
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368 Raising an exception in this method will cause parsing to end. |
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e12b650f0fac
Added documentation on the ErrorHandler interface.
Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents:
15482
diff
changeset
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369 \end{methoddesc} |
