Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref

annotate Include/objimpl.h @ 20737:00a581bdedeb legacy-trunk

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When overriding __str__ or __repr__, set the tp_print slot to NULL.
author Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
date Mon, 29 Oct 2001 14:33:44 +0000
parents b4f829941f3d
children 7065135f9202
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
145
853b736a6a9e Added copyright notice.
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1
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091ca6b9348f ANSI-fication and Py_PROTO extermination.
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2 #ifndef Py_OBJIMPL_H
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3 #define Py_OBJIMPL_H
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4
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5 #include "pymem.h"
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6
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7 #ifdef __cplusplus
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8 extern "C" {
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9 #endif
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10
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11 /*
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12 Functions and macros for modules that implement new object types.
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13 You must first include "object.h".
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14
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15 - PyObject_New(type, typeobj) allocates memory for a new object of
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16 the given type; here 'type' must be the C structure type used to
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17 represent the object and 'typeobj' the address of the corresponding
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18 type object. Reference count and type pointer are filled in; the
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19 rest of the bytes of the object are *undefined*! The resulting
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20 expression type is 'type *'. The size of the object is actually
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21 determined by the tp_basicsize field of the type object.
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22
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23 - PyObject_NewVar(type, typeobj, n) is similar but allocates a
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24 variable-size object with n extra items. The size is computed as
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25 tp_basicsize plus n * tp_itemsize. This fills in the ob_size field
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26 as well.
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27
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28 - PyObject_Del(op) releases the memory allocated for an object.
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29
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30 - PyObject_Init(op, typeobj) and PyObject_InitVar(op, typeobj, n) are
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31 similar to PyObject_{New, NewVar} except that they don't allocate
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32 the memory needed for an object. Instead of the 'type' parameter,
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33 they accept the pointer of a new object (allocated by an arbitrary
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34 allocator) and initialize its object header fields.
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35
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36 Note that objects created with PyObject_{New, NewVar} are allocated
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37 within the Python heap by an object allocator, the latter being
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38 implemented (by default) on top of the Python raw memory
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39 allocator. This ensures that Python keeps control on the user's
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40 objects regarding their memory management; for instance, they may be
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41 subject to automatic garbage collection.
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42
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43 In case a specific form of memory management is needed, implying that
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44 the objects would not reside in the Python heap (for example standard
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45 malloc heap(s) are mandatory, use of shared memory, C++ local storage
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46 or operator new), you must first allocate the object with your custom
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47 allocator, then pass its pointer to PyObject_{Init, InitVar} for
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48 filling in its Python-specific fields: reference count, type pointer,
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49 possibly others. You should be aware that Python has very limited
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50 control over these objects because they don't cooperate with the
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51 Python memory manager. Such objects may not be eligible for automatic
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52 garbage collection and you have to make sure that they are released
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53 accordingly whenever their destructor gets called (cf. the specific
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54 form of memory management you're using).
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55
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56 Unless you have specific memory management requirements, it is
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57 recommended to use PyObject_{New, NewVar, Del}. */
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58
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59 /*
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60 * Core object memory allocator
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61 * ============================
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62 */
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63
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64 /* The purpose of the object allocator is to make the distinction
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65 between "object memory" and the rest within the Python heap.
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66
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67 Object memory is the one allocated by PyObject_{New, NewVar}, i.e.
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68 the one that holds the object's representation defined by its C
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69 type structure, *excluding* any object-specific memory buffers that
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70 might be referenced by the structure (for type structures that have
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71 pointer fields). By default, the object memory allocator is
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72 implemented on top of the raw memory allocator.
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73
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74 The PyCore_* macros can be defined to make the interpreter use a
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75 custom object memory allocator. They are reserved for internal
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76 memory management purposes exclusively. Both the core and extension
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77 modules should use the PyObject_* API. */
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78
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79 #ifdef WITH_PYMALLOC
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80 #define PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC_FUNC _PyCore_ObjectMalloc
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81 #define PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC_FUNC _PyCore_ObjectRealloc
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82 #define PyCore_OBJECT_FREE_FUNC _PyCore_ObjectFree
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83 #define NEED_TO_DECLARE_OBJECT_MALLOC_AND_FRIEND
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84 #endif /* !WITH_PYMALLOC */
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85
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86 #ifndef PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC_FUNC
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87 #undef PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC_FUNC
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88 #undef PyCore_OBJECT_FREE_FUNC
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89 #define PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC_FUNC PyCore_MALLOC_FUNC
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90 #define PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC_FUNC PyCore_REALLOC_FUNC
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91 #define PyCore_OBJECT_FREE_FUNC PyCore_FREE_FUNC
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92 #endif
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93
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94 #ifndef PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC_PROTO
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95 #undef PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC_PROTO
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96 #undef PyCore_OBJECT_FREE_PROTO
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97 #define PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC_PROTO PyCore_MALLOC_PROTO
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98 #define PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC_PROTO PyCore_REALLOC_PROTO
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99 #define PyCore_OBJECT_FREE_PROTO PyCore_FREE_PROTO
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100 #endif
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101
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102 #ifdef NEED_TO_DECLARE_OBJECT_MALLOC_AND_FRIEND
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103 extern void *PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC_FUNC PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC_PROTO;
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104 extern void *PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC_FUNC PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC_PROTO;
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105 extern void PyCore_OBJECT_FREE_FUNC PyCore_OBJECT_FREE_PROTO;
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106 #endif
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107
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108 #ifndef PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC
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109 #undef PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC
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110 #undef PyCore_OBJECT_FREE
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111 #define PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC(n) PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC_FUNC(n)
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112 #define PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC(p, n) PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC_FUNC((p), (n))
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113 #define PyCore_OBJECT_FREE(p) PyCore_OBJECT_FREE_FUNC(p)
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114 #endif
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115
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116 /*
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117 * Raw object memory interface
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118 * ===========================
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119 */
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120
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121 /* The use of this API should be avoided, unless a builtin object
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122 constructor inlines PyObject_{New, NewVar}, either because the
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123 latter functions cannot allocate the exact amount of needed memory,
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124 either for speed. This situation is exceptional, but occurs for
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125 some object constructors (PyBuffer_New, PyList_New...). Inlining
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126 PyObject_{New, NewVar} for objects that are supposed to belong to
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127 the Python heap is discouraged. If you really have to, make sure
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128 the object is initialized with PyObject_{Init, InitVar}. Do *not*
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129 inline PyObject_{Init, InitVar} for user-extension types or you
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130 might seriously interfere with Python's memory management. */
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131
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132 /* Functions */
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133
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134 /* Wrappers around PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC and friends; useful if you
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135 need to be sure that you are using the same object memory allocator
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136 as Python. These wrappers *do not* make sure that allocating 0
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137 bytes returns a non-NULL pointer. Returned pointers must be checked
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138 for NULL explicitly; no action is performed on failure. */
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139 extern DL_IMPORT(void *) PyObject_Malloc(size_t);
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140 extern DL_IMPORT(void *) PyObject_Realloc(void *, size_t);
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141 extern DL_IMPORT(void) PyObject_Free(void *);
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142
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143 /* Macros */
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144 #define PyObject_MALLOC(n) PyCore_OBJECT_MALLOC(n)
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145 #define PyObject_REALLOC(op, n) PyCore_OBJECT_REALLOC((void *)(op), (n))
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146 #define PyObject_FREE(op) PyCore_OBJECT_FREE((void *)(op))
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147
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148 /*
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149 * Generic object allocator interface
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150 * ==================================
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151 */
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152
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153 /* Functions */
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154 extern DL_IMPORT(PyObject *) PyObject_Init(PyObject *, PyTypeObject *);
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155 extern DL_IMPORT(PyVarObject *) PyObject_InitVar(PyVarObject *,
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156 PyTypeObject *, int);
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157 extern DL_IMPORT(PyObject *) _PyObject_New(PyTypeObject *);
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158 extern DL_IMPORT(PyVarObject *) _PyObject_NewVar(PyTypeObject *, int);
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159 extern DL_IMPORT(void) _PyObject_Del(PyObject *);
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
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160
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161 #define PyObject_New(type, typeobj) \
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162 ( (type *) _PyObject_New(typeobj) )
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163 #define PyObject_NewVar(type, typeobj, n) \
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164 ( (type *) _PyObject_NewVar((typeobj), (n)) )
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165 #define PyObject_Del(op) _PyObject_Del((PyObject *)(op))
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166
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167 /* Macros trading binary compatibility for speed. See also pymem.h.
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168 Note that these macros expect non-NULL object pointers.*/
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169 #define PyObject_INIT(op, typeobj) \
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170 ( (op)->ob_type = (typeobj), _Py_NewReference((PyObject *)(op)), (op) )
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171 #define PyObject_INIT_VAR(op, typeobj, size) \
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172 ( (op)->ob_size = (size), PyObject_INIT((op), (typeobj)) )
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173
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174 #define _PyObject_SIZE(typeobj) ( (typeobj)->tp_basicsize )
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175
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176 /* _PyObject_VAR_SIZE returns the number of bytes (as size_t) allocated for a
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177 vrbl-size object with nitems items, exclusive of gc overhead (if any). The
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178 value is rounded up to the closest multiple of sizeof(void *), in order to
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179 ensure that pointer fields at the end of the object are correctly aligned
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180 for the platform (this is of special importance for subclasses of, e.g.,
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181 str or long, so that pointers can be stored after the embedded data).
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182
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183 Note that there's no memory wastage in doing this, as malloc has to
6cc0b48049ec Guido suggests, and I agree, to insist that SIZEOF_VOID_P be a power of 2.
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184 return (at worst) pointer-aligned memory anyway.
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185 */
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186 #if ((SIZEOF_VOID_P - 1) & SIZEOF_VOID_P) != 0
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187 # error "_PyObject_VAR_SIZE requires SIZEOF_VOID_P be a power of 2"
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188 #endif
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189
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190 #define _PyObject_VAR_SIZE(typeobj, nitems) \
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191 (size_t) \
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192 ( ( (typeobj)->tp_basicsize + \
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193 (nitems)*(typeobj)->tp_itemsize + \
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194 (SIZEOF_VOID_P - 1) \
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195 ) & ~(SIZEOF_VOID_P - 1) \
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196 )
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197
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198 #define PyObject_NEW(type, typeobj) \
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199 ( (type *) PyObject_Init( \
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200 (PyObject *) PyObject_MALLOC( _PyObject_SIZE(typeobj) ), (typeobj)) )
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201
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202 #define PyObject_NEW_VAR(type, typeobj, n) \
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203 ( (type *) PyObject_InitVar( \
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204 (PyVarObject *) PyObject_MALLOC(_PyObject_VAR_SIZE((typeobj),(n)) ),\
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205 (typeobj), (n)) )
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519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
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206
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207 #define PyObject_DEL(op) PyObject_FREE(op)
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208
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209 /* This example code implements an object constructor with a custom
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210 allocator, where PyObject_New is inlined, and shows the important
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211 distinction between two steps (at least):
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212 1) the actual allocation of the object storage;
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213 2) the initialization of the Python specific fields
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214 in this storage with PyObject_{Init, InitVar}.
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215
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216 PyObject *
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217 YourObject_New(...)
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218 {
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diff changeset
219 PyObject *op;
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220
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221 op = (PyObject *) Your_Allocator(_PyObject_SIZE(YourTypeStruct));
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222 if (op == NULL)
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223 return PyErr_NoMemory();
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224
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225 op = PyObject_Init(op, &YourTypeStruct);
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226 if (op == NULL)
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227 return NULL;
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228
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229 op->ob_field = value;
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230 ...
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231 return op;
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232 }
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233
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234 Note that in C++, the use of the new operator usually implies that
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235 the 1st step is performed automatically for you, so in a C++ class
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236 constructor you would start directly with PyObject_Init/InitVar. */
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237
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Jeremy Hylton <jeremy@alum.mit.edu>
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238 /*
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239 * Garbage Collection Support
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240 * ==========================
20220
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241 *
0b99174d6b17 Add Garbage Collection support to new-style classes (not yet to their
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242 * Some of the functions and macros below are always defined; when
0b99174d6b17 Add Garbage Collection support to new-style classes (not yet to their
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243 * WITH_CYCLE_GC is undefined, they simply don't do anything different
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244 * than their non-GC counterparts.
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245 */
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246
19577
fbd49d1717c4 Change the GC type flag since the API has changed. Allow types using
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247 /* Test if a type has a GC head */
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248 #define PyType_IS_GC(t) PyType_HasFeature((t), Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC)
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249
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250 /* Test if an object has a GC head */
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251 #define PyObject_IS_GC(o) (PyType_IS_GC((o)->ob_type) && \
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252 ((o)->ob_type->tp_is_gc == NULL || (o)->ob_type->tp_is_gc(o)))
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253
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254 extern DL_IMPORT(PyObject *) _PyObject_GC_Malloc(PyTypeObject *, int);
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255 extern DL_IMPORT(PyVarObject *) _PyObject_GC_Resize(PyVarObject *, int);
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256
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257 #define PyObject_GC_Resize(type, op, n) \
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258 ( (type *) _PyObject_GC_Resize((PyVarObject *)(op), (n)) )
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259
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260 extern DL_IMPORT(PyObject *) _PyObject_GC_New(PyTypeObject *);
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261 extern DL_IMPORT(PyVarObject *) _PyObject_GC_NewVar(PyTypeObject *, int);
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262 extern DL_IMPORT(void) _PyObject_GC_Del(PyObject *);
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263 extern DL_IMPORT(void) _PyObject_GC_Track(PyObject *);
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264 extern DL_IMPORT(void) _PyObject_GC_UnTrack(PyObject *);
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265
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266 #ifdef WITH_CYCLE_GC
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267
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268 /* GC information is stored BEFORE the object structure */
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269 typedef union _gc_head {
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270 struct {
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271 union _gc_head *gc_next; /* not NULL if object is tracked */
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272 union _gc_head *gc_prev;
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273 int gc_refs;
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274 } gc;
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275 double dummy; /* force worst-case alignment */
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276 } PyGC_Head;
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277
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278 extern PyGC_Head _PyGC_generation0;
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279
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280 /* Tell the GC to track this object. NB: While the object is tracked the
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281 * collector it must be safe to call the ob_traverse method. */
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282 #define _PyObject_GC_TRACK(o) do { \
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283 PyGC_Head *g = (PyGC_Head *)(o)-1; \
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284 if (g->gc.gc_next != NULL) \
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285 Py_FatalError("GC object already in linked list"); \
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286 g->gc.gc_next = &_PyGC_generation0; \
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287 g->gc.gc_prev = _PyGC_generation0.gc.gc_prev; \
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288 g->gc.gc_prev->gc.gc_next = g; \
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289 _PyGC_generation0.gc.gc_prev = g; \
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290 } while (0);
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291
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292 /* Tell the GC to stop tracking this object. */
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293 #define _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(o) do { \
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294 PyGC_Head *g = (PyGC_Head *)(o)-1; \
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295 g->gc.gc_prev->gc.gc_next = g->gc.gc_next; \
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296 g->gc.gc_next->gc.gc_prev = g->gc.gc_prev; \
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297 g->gc.gc_next = NULL; \
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298 } while (0);
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299
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300 #define PyObject_GC_Track(op) _PyObject_GC_Track((PyObject *)op)
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301 #define PyObject_GC_UnTrack(op) _PyObject_GC_UnTrack((PyObject *)op)
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302
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303
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304 #define PyObject_GC_New(type, typeobj) \
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305 ( (type *) _PyObject_GC_New(typeobj) )
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306 #define PyObject_GC_NewVar(type, typeobj, n) \
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307 ( (type *) _PyObject_GC_NewVar((typeobj), (n)) )
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308 #define PyObject_GC_Del(op) _PyObject_GC_Del((PyObject *)(op))
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309
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310 #else /* !WITH_CYCLE_GC */
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311
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312 #define PyObject_GC_New PyObject_New
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313 #define PyObject_GC_NewVar PyObject_NewVar
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314 #define PyObject_GC_Del PyObject_Del
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315 #define _PyObject_GC_TRACK(op)
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316 #define _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(op)
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317 #define PyObject_GC_Track(op)
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318 #define PyObject_GC_UnTrack(op)
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319
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320 #endif
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321
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322 /* This is here for the sake of backwards compatibility. Extensions that
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323 * use the old GC API will still compile but the objects will not be
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324 * tracked by the GC. */
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325 #define PyGC_HEAD_SIZE 0
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326 #define PyObject_GC_Init(op)
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327 #define PyObject_GC_Fini(op)
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328 #define PyObject_AS_GC(op) (op)
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329 #define PyObject_FROM_GC(op) (op)
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330
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331
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332 /* Test if a type supports weak references */
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333 #define PyType_SUPPORTS_WEAKREFS(t) \
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334 (PyType_HasFeature((t), Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_WEAKREFS) \
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335 && ((t)->tp_weaklistoffset > 0))
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336
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337 #define PyObject_GET_WEAKREFS_LISTPTR(o) \
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338 ((PyObject **) (((char *) (o)) + (o)->ob_type->tp_weaklistoffset))
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339
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340 #ifdef __cplusplus
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341 }
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342 #endif
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343 #endif /* !Py_OBJIMPL_H */