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annotate Lib/runpy.py @ 79691:05c8928362ee

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Merge __next__ method link fixes with 3.3.
author Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
date Fri, 12 Oct 2012 13:46:37 +0300
parents 4431dc4bb770
children 15a391919deb
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1 """runpy.py - locating and running Python code using the module namespace
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2
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3 Provides support for locating and running Python scripts using the Python
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4 module namespace instead of the native filesystem.
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5
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6 This allows Python code to play nicely with non-filesystem based PEP 302
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7 importers when locating support scripts as well as when importing modules.
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8 """
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9 # Written by Nick Coghlan <ncoghlan at gmail.com>
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10 # to implement PEP 338 (Executing Modules as Scripts)
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11
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12
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13 import os
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14 import sys
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15 import importlib.machinery # importlib first so we can test #15386 via -m
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16 import imp
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3987667bf98f Take the first step in resolving the messy pkgutil vs importlib edge cases by basing pkgutil explicitly on importlib, deprecating its internal import emulation and setting __main__.__loader__ correctly so that runpy still works (Affects #15343, #15314, #15357)
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17 from pkgutil import read_code, get_loader, get_importer
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18
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19 __all__ = [
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20 "run_module", "run_path",
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21 ]
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22
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23 class _TempModule(object):
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24 """Temporarily replace a module in sys.modules with an empty namespace"""
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25 def __init__(self, mod_name):
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26 self.mod_name = mod_name
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27 self.module = imp.new_module(mod_name)
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28 self._saved_module = []
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29
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30 def __enter__(self):
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31 mod_name = self.mod_name
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32 try:
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33 self._saved_module.append(sys.modules[mod_name])
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34 except KeyError:
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35 pass
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36 sys.modules[mod_name] = self.module
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37 return self
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38
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39 def __exit__(self, *args):
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40 if self._saved_module:
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41 sys.modules[self.mod_name] = self._saved_module[0]
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42 else:
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43 del sys.modules[self.mod_name]
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44 self._saved_module = []
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45
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46 class _ModifiedArgv0(object):
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47 def __init__(self, value):
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48 self.value = value
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49 self._saved_value = self._sentinel = object()
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50
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51 def __enter__(self):
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52 if self._saved_value is not self._sentinel:
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53 raise RuntimeError("Already preserving saved value")
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54 self._saved_value = sys.argv[0]
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55 sys.argv[0] = self.value
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56
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57 def __exit__(self, *args):
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58 self.value = self._sentinel
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59 sys.argv[0] = self._saved_value
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60
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61 def _run_code(code, run_globals, init_globals=None,
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62 mod_name=None, mod_fname=None,
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63 mod_loader=None, pkg_name=None):
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64 """Helper to run code in nominated namespace"""
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65 if init_globals is not None:
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66 run_globals.update(init_globals)
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67 run_globals.update(__name__ = mod_name,
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68 __file__ = mod_fname,
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69 __cached__ = None,
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70 __doc__ = None,
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71 __loader__ = mod_loader,
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72 __package__ = pkg_name)
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73 exec(code, run_globals)
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74 return run_globals
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75
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76 def _run_module_code(code, init_globals=None,
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77 mod_name=None, mod_fname=None,
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78 mod_loader=None, pkg_name=None):
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79 """Helper to run code in new namespace with sys modified"""
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80 with _TempModule(mod_name) as temp_module, _ModifiedArgv0(mod_fname):
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81 mod_globals = temp_module.module.__dict__
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82 _run_code(code, mod_globals, init_globals,
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83 mod_name, mod_fname, mod_loader, pkg_name)
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84 # Copy the globals of the temporary module, as they
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85 # may be cleared when the temporary module goes away
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86 return mod_globals.copy()
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87
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88
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89 # This helper is needed due to a missing component in the PEP 302
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90 # loader protocol (specifically, "get_filename" is non-standard)
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91 # Since we can't introduce new features in maintenance releases,
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92 # support was added to zipimporter under the name '_get_filename'
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93 def _get_filename(loader, mod_name):
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94 for attr in ("get_filename", "_get_filename"):
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95 meth = getattr(loader, attr, None)
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96 if meth is not None:
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97 return os.path.abspath(meth(mod_name))
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98 return None
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99
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100 # Helper to get the loader, code and filename for a module
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101 def _get_module_details(mod_name):
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102 loader = get_loader(mod_name)
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103 if loader is None:
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104 raise ImportError("No module named %s" % mod_name)
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105 if loader.is_package(mod_name):
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106 if mod_name == "__main__" or mod_name.endswith(".__main__"):
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107 raise ImportError("Cannot use package as __main__ module")
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108 try:
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109 pkg_main_name = mod_name + ".__main__"
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110 return _get_module_details(pkg_main_name)
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111 except ImportError as e:
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112 raise ImportError(("%s; %r is a package and cannot " +
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113 "be directly executed") %(e, mod_name))
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114 code = loader.get_code(mod_name)
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115 if code is None:
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116 raise ImportError("No code object available for %s" % mod_name)
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117 filename = _get_filename(loader, mod_name)
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118 return mod_name, loader, code, filename
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119
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120 # XXX ncoghlan: Should this be documented and made public?
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121 # (Current thoughts: don't repeat the mistake that lead to its
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122 # creation when run_module() no longer met the needs of
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123 # mainmodule.c, but couldn't be changed because it was public)
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124 def _run_module_as_main(mod_name, alter_argv=True):
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125 """Runs the designated module in the __main__ namespace
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126
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127 Note that the executed module will have full access to the
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128 __main__ namespace. If this is not desirable, the run_module()
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129 function should be used to run the module code in a fresh namespace.
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130
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131 At the very least, these variables in __main__ will be overwritten:
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132 __name__
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133 __file__
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134 __cached__
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135 __loader__
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136 __package__
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137 """
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138 try:
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139 if alter_argv or mod_name != "__main__": # i.e. -m switch
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140 mod_name, loader, code, fname = _get_module_details(mod_name)
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141 else: # i.e. directory or zipfile execution
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142 mod_name, loader, code, fname = _get_main_module_details()
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143 except ImportError as exc:
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144 # Try to provide a good error message
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145 # for directories, zip files and the -m switch
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146 if alter_argv:
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147 # For -m switch, just display the exception
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148 info = str(exc)
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149 else:
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150 # For directories/zipfiles, let the user
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151 # know what the code was looking for
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152 info = "can't find '__main__' module in %r" % sys.argv[0]
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153 msg = "%s: %s" % (sys.executable, info)
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154 sys.exit(msg)
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155 pkg_name = mod_name.rpartition('.')[0]
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156 main_globals = sys.modules["__main__"].__dict__
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157 if alter_argv:
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158 sys.argv[0] = fname
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159 return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
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160 "__main__", fname, loader, pkg_name)
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161
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162 def run_module(mod_name, init_globals=None,
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163 run_name=None, alter_sys=False):
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164 """Execute a module's code without importing it
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165
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166 Returns the resulting top level namespace dictionary
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167 """
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168 mod_name, loader, code, fname = _get_module_details(mod_name)
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169 if run_name is None:
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170 run_name = mod_name
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171 pkg_name = mod_name.rpartition('.')[0]
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172 if alter_sys:
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173 return _run_module_code(code, init_globals, run_name,
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174 fname, loader, pkg_name)
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175 else:
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176 # Leave the sys module alone
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177 return _run_code(code, {}, init_globals, run_name,
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178 fname, loader, pkg_name)
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179
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180 def _get_main_module_details():
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181 # Helper that gives a nicer error message when attempting to
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182 # execute a zipfile or directory by invoking __main__.py
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183 # Also moves the standard __main__ out of the way so that the
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184 # preexisting __loader__ entry doesn't cause issues
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185 main_name = "__main__"
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186 saved_main = sys.modules[main_name]
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187 del sys.modules[main_name]
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188 try:
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189 return _get_module_details(main_name)
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190 except ImportError as exc:
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191 if main_name in str(exc):
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192 raise ImportError("can't find %r module in %r" %
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193 (main_name, sys.path[0])) from exc
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194 raise
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195 finally:
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196 sys.modules[main_name] = saved_main
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197
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198
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199 def _get_code_from_file(run_name, fname):
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200 # Check for a compiled file first
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201 with open(fname, "rb") as f:
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202 code = read_code(f)
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203 if code is None:
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204 # That didn't work, so try it as normal source code
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205 with open(fname, "rb") as f:
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206 code = compile(f.read(), fname, 'exec')
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207 loader = importlib.machinery.SourceFileLoader(run_name, fname)
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208 else:
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209 loader = importlib.machinery.SourcelessFileLoader(run_name, fname)
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210 return code, loader
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211
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212 def run_path(path_name, init_globals=None, run_name=None):
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213 """Execute code located at the specified filesystem location
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214
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215 Returns the resulting top level namespace dictionary
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216
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217 The file path may refer directly to a Python script (i.e.
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218 one that could be directly executed with execfile) or else
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219 it may refer to a zipfile or directory containing a top
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220 level __main__.py script.
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221 """
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222 if run_name is None:
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223 run_name = "<run_path>"
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224 pkg_name = run_name.rpartition(".")[0]
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225 importer = get_importer(path_name)
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226 if isinstance(importer, (type(None), imp.NullImporter)):
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227 # Not a valid sys.path entry, so run the code directly
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228 # execfile() doesn't help as we want to allow compiled files
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229 code, mod_loader = _get_code_from_file(run_name, path_name)
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230 return _run_module_code(code, init_globals, run_name, path_name,
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231 mod_loader, pkg_name)
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232 else:
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233 # Importer is defined for path, so add it to
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234 # the start of sys.path
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235 sys.path.insert(0, path_name)
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236 try:
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237 # Here's where things are a little different from the run_module
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238 # case. There, we only had to replace the module in sys while the
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239 # code was running and doing so was somewhat optional. Here, we
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240 # have no choice and we have to remove it even while we read the
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241 # code. If we don't do this, a __loader__ attribute in the
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242 # existing __main__ module may prevent location of the new module.
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243 mod_name, loader, code, fname = _get_main_module_details()
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244 with _TempModule(run_name) as temp_module, \
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245 _ModifiedArgv0(path_name):
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246 mod_globals = temp_module.module.__dict__
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247 return _run_code(code, mod_globals, init_globals,
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248 run_name, fname, loader, pkg_name).copy()
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249 finally:
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250 try:
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251 sys.path.remove(path_name)
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252 except ValueError:
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253 pass
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254
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255
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256 if __name__ == "__main__":
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257 # Run the module specified as the next command line argument
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258 if len(sys.argv) < 2:
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259 print("No module specified for execution", file=sys.stderr)
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260 else:
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261 del sys.argv[0] # Make the requested module sys.argv[0]
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262 _run_module_as_main(sys.argv[0])