Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref
annotate Lib/codecs.py @ 32527:0da660e05e69 legacy-trunk
"#if WITH_THREAD" is incorrect; must be #ifdef instead; WITH_THREAD
isn't always set to an integer value when it's defined.
| author | Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 07 Jul 2004 20:42:07 +0000 |
| parents | 26a80f0af9f3 |
| children | 57478a13fbf6 |
| rev | line source |
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1 """ codecs -- Python Codec Registry, API and helpers. |
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2 |
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3 |
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4 Written by Marc-Andre Lemburg (mal@lemburg.com). |
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5 |
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6 (c) Copyright CNRI, All Rights Reserved. NO WARRANTY. |
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7 |
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8 """#" |
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9 |
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10 import __builtin__, sys |
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11 |
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12 ### Registry and builtin stateless codec functions |
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13 |
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14 try: |
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15 from _codecs import * |
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16 except ImportError, why: |
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17 raise SystemError,\ |
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18 'Failed to load the builtin codecs: %s' % why |
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19 |
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20 __all__ = ["register", "lookup", "open", "EncodedFile", "BOM", "BOM_BE", |
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21 "BOM_LE", "BOM32_BE", "BOM32_LE", "BOM64_BE", "BOM64_LE", |
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22 "BOM_UTF8", "BOM_UTF16", "BOM_UTF16_LE", "BOM_UTF16_BE", |
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23 "BOM_UTF32", "BOM_UTF32_LE", "BOM_UTF32_BE", |
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24 "strict_errors", "ignore_errors", "replace_errors", |
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25 "xmlcharrefreplace_errors", |
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26 "register_error", "lookup_error"] |
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27 |
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28 ### Constants |
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29 |
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30 # |
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31 # Byte Order Mark (BOM = ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE = U+FEFF) |
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32 # and its possible byte string values |
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33 # for UTF8/UTF16/UTF32 output and little/big endian machines |
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34 # |
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35 |
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36 # UTF-8 |
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37 BOM_UTF8 = '\xef\xbb\xbf' |
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38 |
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39 # UTF-16, little endian |
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40 BOM_LE = BOM_UTF16_LE = '\xff\xfe' |
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41 |
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42 # UTF-16, big endian |
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43 BOM_BE = BOM_UTF16_BE = '\xfe\xff' |
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44 |
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45 # UTF-32, little endian |
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46 BOM_UTF32_LE = '\xff\xfe\x00\x00' |
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47 |
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48 # UTF-32, big endian |
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49 BOM_UTF32_BE = '\x00\x00\xfe\xff' |
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50 |
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51 if sys.byteorder == 'little': |
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52 |
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53 # UTF-16, native endianness |
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54 BOM = BOM_UTF16 = BOM_UTF16_LE |
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55 |
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56 # UTF-32, native endianness |
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57 BOM_UTF32 = BOM_UTF32_LE |
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58 |
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59 else: |
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60 |
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61 # UTF-16, native endianness |
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62 BOM = BOM_UTF16 = BOM_UTF16_BE |
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63 |
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64 # UTF-32, native endianness |
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65 BOM_UTF32 = BOM_UTF32_BE |
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66 |
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67 # Old broken names (don't use in new code) |
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68 BOM32_LE = BOM_UTF16_LE |
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69 BOM32_BE = BOM_UTF16_BE |
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70 BOM64_LE = BOM_UTF32_LE |
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71 BOM64_BE = BOM_UTF32_BE |
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72 |
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73 |
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74 ### Codec base classes (defining the API) |
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75 |
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76 class Codec: |
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77 |
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78 """ Defines the interface for stateless encoders/decoders. |
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79 |
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80 The .encode()/.decode() methods may use different error |
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81 handling schemes by providing the errors argument. These |
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82 string values are predefined: |
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83 |
| 12051 | 84 'strict' - raise a ValueError error (or a subclass) |
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85 'ignore' - ignore the character and continue with the next |
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86 'replace' - replace with a suitable replacement character; |
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87 Python will use the official U+FFFD REPLACEMENT |
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88 CHARACTER for the builtin Unicode codecs on |
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89 decoding and '?' on encoding. |
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90 'xmlcharrefreplace' - Replace with the appropriate XML |
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91 character reference (only for encoding). |
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92 'backslashreplace' - Replace with backslashed escape sequences |
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93 (only for encoding). |
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94 |
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95 The set of allowed values can be extended via register_error. |
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96 |
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97 """ |
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98 def encode(self, input, errors='strict'): |
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99 |
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100 """ Encodes the object input and returns a tuple (output |
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101 object, length consumed). |
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102 |
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103 errors defines the error handling to apply. It defaults to |
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104 'strict' handling. |
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105 |
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106 The method may not store state in the Codec instance. Use |
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107 StreamCodec for codecs which have to keep state in order to |
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108 make encoding/decoding efficient. |
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109 |
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110 The encoder must be able to handle zero length input and |
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111 return an empty object of the output object type in this |
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112 situation. |
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113 |
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114 """ |
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115 raise NotImplementedError |
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116 |
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117 def decode(self, input, errors='strict'): |
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118 |
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119 """ Decodes the object input and returns a tuple (output |
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120 object, length consumed). |
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121 |
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122 input must be an object which provides the bf_getreadbuf |
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123 buffer slot. Python strings, buffer objects and memory |
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124 mapped files are examples of objects providing this slot. |
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125 |
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126 errors defines the error handling to apply. It defaults to |
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127 'strict' handling. |
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128 |
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129 The method may not store state in the Codec instance. Use |
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130 StreamCodec for codecs which have to keep state in order to |
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131 make encoding/decoding efficient. |
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132 |
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133 The decoder must be able to handle zero length input and |
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134 return an empty object of the output object type in this |
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135 situation. |
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136 |
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137 """ |
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138 raise NotImplementedError |
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139 |
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140 # |
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141 # The StreamWriter and StreamReader class provide generic working |
| 19967 | 142 # interfaces which can be used to implement new encoding submodules |
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143 # very easily. See encodings/utf_8.py for an example on how this is |
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144 # done. |
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145 # |
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146 |
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147 class StreamWriter(Codec): |
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148 |
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149 def __init__(self, stream, errors='strict'): |
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150 |
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151 """ Creates a StreamWriter instance. |
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152 |
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153 stream must be a file-like object open for writing |
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154 (binary) data. |
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155 |
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156 The StreamWriter may use different error handling |
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157 schemes by providing the errors keyword argument. These |
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158 parameters are predefined: |
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159 |
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160 'strict' - raise a ValueError (or a subclass) |
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161 'ignore' - ignore the character and continue with the next |
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162 'replace'- replace with a suitable replacement character |
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163 'xmlcharrefreplace' - Replace with the appropriate XML |
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164 character reference. |
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165 'backslashreplace' - Replace with backslashed escape |
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166 sequences (only for encoding). |
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167 |
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168 The set of allowed parameter values can be extended via |
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169 register_error. |
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170 """ |
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171 self.stream = stream |
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172 self.errors = errors |
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173 |
| 12367 | 174 def write(self, object): |
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175 |
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176 """ Writes the object's contents encoded to self.stream. |
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177 """ |
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178 data, consumed = self.encode(object, self.errors) |
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179 self.stream.write(data) |
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180 |
| 12367 | 181 def writelines(self, list): |
| 182 | |
| 183 """ Writes the concatenated list of strings to the stream | |
| 184 using .write(). | |
| 185 """ | |
| 186 self.write(''.join(list)) | |
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187 |
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188 def reset(self): |
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189 |
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190 """ Flushes and resets the codec buffers used for keeping state. |
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191 |
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192 Calling this method should ensure that the data on the |
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193 output is put into a clean state, that allows appending |
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194 of new fresh data without having to rescan the whole |
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195 stream to recover state. |
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196 |
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197 """ |
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198 pass |
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199 |
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200 def __getattr__(self, name, |
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201 getattr=getattr): |
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202 |
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203 """ Inherit all other methods from the underlying stream. |
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204 """ |
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205 return getattr(self.stream, name) |
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206 |
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207 ### |
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208 |
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209 class StreamReader(Codec): |
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210 |
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211 def __init__(self, stream, errors='strict'): |
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212 |
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213 """ Creates a StreamReader instance. |
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214 |
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215 stream must be a file-like object open for reading |
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216 (binary) data. |
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217 |
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218 The StreamReader may use different error handling |
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219 schemes by providing the errors keyword argument. These |
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220 parameters are predefined: |
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221 |
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222 'strict' - raise a ValueError (or a subclass) |
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223 'ignore' - ignore the character and continue with the next |
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224 'replace'- replace with a suitable replacement character; |
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225 |
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226 The set of allowed parameter values can be extended via |
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227 register_error. |
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228 """ |
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229 self.stream = stream |
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230 self.errors = errors |
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231 |
| 12367 | 232 def read(self, size=-1): |
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233 |
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234 """ Decodes data from the stream self.stream and returns the |
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235 resulting object. |
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236 |
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237 size indicates the approximate maximum number of bytes to |
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238 read from the stream for decoding purposes. The decoder |
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239 can modify this setting as appropriate. The default value |
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240 -1 indicates to read and decode as much as possible. size |
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241 is intended to prevent having to decode huge files in one |
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242 step. |
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243 |
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244 The method should use a greedy read strategy meaning that |
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245 it should read as much data as is allowed within the |
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246 definition of the encoding and the given size, e.g. if |
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247 optional encoding endings or state markers are available |
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248 on the stream, these should be read too. |
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249 |
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250 """ |
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251 # Unsliced reading: |
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252 if size < 0: |
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253 return self.decode(self.stream.read(), self.errors)[0] |
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254 |
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255 # Sliced reading: |
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256 read = self.stream.read |
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257 decode = self.decode |
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258 data = read(size) |
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259 i = 0 |
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260 while 1: |
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261 try: |
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262 object, decodedbytes = decode(data, self.errors) |
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263 except ValueError, why: |
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264 # This method is slow but should work under pretty much |
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265 # all conditions; at most 10 tries are made |
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266 i = i + 1 |
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267 newdata = read(1) |
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268 if not newdata or i > 10: |
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269 raise |
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270 data = data + newdata |
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271 else: |
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272 return object |
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273 |
| 12367 | 274 def readline(self, size=None): |
| 275 | |
| 276 """ Read one line from the input stream and return the | |
| 277 decoded data. | |
| 278 | |
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279 Note: Unlike the .readlines() method, this method inherits |
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280 the line breaking knowledge from the underlying stream's |
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281 .readline() method -- there is currently no support for |
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282 line breaking using the codec decoder due to lack of line |
| 27618 | 283 buffering. Subclasses should however, if possible, try to |
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284 implement this method using their own knowledge of line |
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285 breaking. |
| 12367 | 286 |
| 287 size, if given, is passed as size argument to the stream's | |
| 288 .readline() method. | |
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289 |
| 12367 | 290 """ |
| 291 if size is None: | |
| 292 line = self.stream.readline() | |
| 293 else: | |
| 294 line = self.stream.readline(size) | |
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295 return self.decode(line, self.errors)[0] |
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296 |
| 12367 | 297 |
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298 def readlines(self, sizehint=None): |
| 12367 | 299 |
| 300 """ Read all lines available on the input stream | |
| 301 and return them as list of lines. | |
| 302 | |
| 303 Line breaks are implemented using the codec's decoder | |
| 304 method and are included in the list entries. | |
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305 |
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306 sizehint, if given, is ignored since there is no efficient |
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307 way to finding the true end-of-line. |
| 12367 | 308 |
| 309 """ | |
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310 data = self.stream.read() |
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311 return self.decode(data, self.errors)[0].splitlines(1) |
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312 |
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313 def reset(self): |
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314 |
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315 """ Resets the codec buffers used for keeping state. |
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316 |
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317 Note that no stream repositioning should take place. |
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318 This method is primarily intended to be able to recover |
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319 from decoding errors. |
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320 |
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321 """ |
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322 pass |
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323 |
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324 def next(self): |
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325 |
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326 """ Return the next decoded line from the input stream.""" |
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327 line = self.readline() |
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328 if line: |
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329 return line |
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330 raise StopIteration |
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331 |
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332 def __iter__(self): |
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333 return self |
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334 |
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335 def __getattr__(self, name, |
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336 getattr=getattr): |
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337 |
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338 """ Inherit all other methods from the underlying stream. |
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339 """ |
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340 return getattr(self.stream, name) |
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341 |
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342 ### |
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343 |
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344 class StreamReaderWriter: |
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345 |
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346 """ StreamReaderWriter instances allow wrapping streams which |
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347 work in both read and write modes. |
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348 |
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349 The design is such that one can use the factory functions |
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350 returned by the codec.lookup() function to construct the |
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351 instance. |
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352 |
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353 """ |
| 12367 | 354 # Optional attributes set by the file wrappers below |
| 355 encoding = 'unknown' | |
| 356 | |
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357 def __init__(self, stream, Reader, Writer, errors='strict'): |
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358 |
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359 """ Creates a StreamReaderWriter instance. |
|
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360 |
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361 stream must be a Stream-like object. |
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362 |
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363 Reader, Writer must be factory functions or classes |
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364 providing the StreamReader, StreamWriter interface resp. |
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365 |
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366 Error handling is done in the same way as defined for the |
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367 StreamWriter/Readers. |
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368 |
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369 """ |
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370 self.stream = stream |
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371 self.reader = Reader(stream, errors) |
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372 self.writer = Writer(stream, errors) |
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373 self.errors = errors |
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374 |
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375 def read(self, size=-1): |
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376 |
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377 return self.reader.read(size) |
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378 |
| 12534 | 379 def readline(self, size=None): |
| 12367 | 380 |
| 381 return self.reader.readline(size) | |
| 382 | |
| 12534 | 383 def readlines(self, sizehint=None): |
| 12367 | 384 |
| 385 return self.reader.readlines(sizehint) | |
| 386 | |
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387 def next(self): |
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388 |
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389 """ Return the next decoded line from the input stream.""" |
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390 return self.reader.next() |
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391 |
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392 def __iter__(self): |
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393 return self |
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394 |
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395 def write(self, data): |
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396 |
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397 return self.writer.write(data) |
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398 |
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399 def writelines(self, list): |
| 12367 | 400 |
| 401 return self.writer.writelines(list) | |
| 402 | |
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403 def reset(self): |
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404 |
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405 self.reader.reset() |
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406 self.writer.reset() |
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407 |
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408 def __getattr__(self, name, |
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409 getattr=getattr): |
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410 |
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411 """ Inherit all other methods from the underlying stream. |
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412 """ |
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413 return getattr(self.stream, name) |
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414 |
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415 ### |
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416 |
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417 class StreamRecoder: |
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418 |
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419 """ StreamRecoder instances provide a frontend - backend |
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420 view of encoding data. |
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421 |
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422 They use the complete set of APIs returned by the |
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423 codecs.lookup() function to implement their task. |
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424 |
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425 Data written to the stream is first decoded into an |
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426 intermediate format (which is dependent on the given codec |
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427 combination) and then written to the stream using an instance |
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428 of the provided Writer class. |
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429 |
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430 In the other direction, data is read from the stream using a |
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431 Reader instance and then return encoded data to the caller. |
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432 |
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433 """ |
| 12367 | 434 # Optional attributes set by the file wrappers below |
| 435 data_encoding = 'unknown' | |
| 436 file_encoding = 'unknown' | |
| 437 | |
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438 def __init__(self, stream, encode, decode, Reader, Writer, |
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439 errors='strict'): |
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440 |
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441 """ Creates a StreamRecoder instance which implements a two-way |
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442 conversion: encode and decode work on the frontend (the |
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443 input to .read() and output of .write()) while |
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444 Reader and Writer work on the backend (reading and |
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445 writing to the stream). |
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446 |
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447 You can use these objects to do transparent direct |
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448 recodings from e.g. latin-1 to utf-8 and back. |
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449 |
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450 stream must be a file-like object. |
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451 |
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452 encode, decode must adhere to the Codec interface, Reader, |
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453 Writer must be factory functions or classes providing the |
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454 StreamReader, StreamWriter interface resp. |
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455 |
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456 encode and decode are needed for the frontend translation, |
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457 Reader and Writer for the backend translation. Unicode is |
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458 used as intermediate encoding. |
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459 |
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460 Error handling is done in the same way as defined for the |
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461 StreamWriter/Readers. |
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462 |
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463 """ |
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464 self.stream = stream |
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465 self.encode = encode |
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466 self.decode = decode |
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467 self.reader = Reader(stream, errors) |
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468 self.writer = Writer(stream, errors) |
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469 self.errors = errors |
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470 |
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471 def read(self, size=-1): |
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472 |
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473 data = self.reader.read(size) |
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474 data, bytesencoded = self.encode(data, self.errors) |
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475 return data |
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476 |
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477 def readline(self, size=None): |
| 12367 | 478 |
| 479 if size is None: | |
| 480 data = self.reader.readline() | |
| 481 else: | |
| 482 data = self.reader.readline(size) | |
| 483 data, bytesencoded = self.encode(data, self.errors) | |
| 484 return data | |
| 485 | |
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486 def readlines(self, sizehint=None): |
| 12367 | 487 |
|
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488 data = self.reader.read() |
| 12367 | 489 data, bytesencoded = self.encode(data, self.errors) |
| 490 return data.splitlines(1) | |
| 491 | |
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492 def next(self): |
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493 |
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494 """ Return the next decoded line from the input stream.""" |
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495 return self.reader.next() |
|
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496 |
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497 def __iter__(self): |
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498 return self |
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499 |
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500 def write(self, data): |
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501 |
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502 data, bytesdecoded = self.decode(data, self.errors) |
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503 return self.writer.write(data) |
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504 |
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505 def writelines(self, list): |
| 12367 | 506 |
| 507 data = ''.join(list) | |
| 508 data, bytesdecoded = self.decode(data, self.errors) | |
| 509 return self.writer.write(data) | |
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510 |
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511 def reset(self): |
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512 |
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513 self.reader.reset() |
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514 self.writer.reset() |
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515 |
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516 def __getattr__(self, name, |
|
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517 getattr=getattr): |
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518 |
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519 """ Inherit all other methods from the underlying stream. |
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520 """ |
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521 return getattr(self.stream, name) |
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522 |
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523 ### Shortcuts |
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524 |
|
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525 def open(filename, mode='rb', encoding=None, errors='strict', buffering=1): |
|
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526 |
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527 """ Open an encoded file using the given mode and return |
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528 a wrapped version providing transparent encoding/decoding. |
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529 |
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|
530 Note: The wrapped version will only accept the object format |
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531 defined by the codecs, i.e. Unicode objects for most builtin |
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532 codecs. Output is also codec dependent and will usually by |
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533 Unicode as well. |
|
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|
534 |
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535 Files are always opened in binary mode, even if no binary mode |
| 27618 | 536 was specified. This is done to avoid data loss due to encodings |
|
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537 using 8-bit values. The default file mode is 'rb' meaning to |
|
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538 open the file in binary read mode. |
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539 |
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540 encoding specifies the encoding which is to be used for the |
| 27618 | 541 file. |
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542 |
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543 errors may be given to define the error handling. It defaults |
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parents:
diff
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|
544 to 'strict' which causes ValueErrors to be raised in case an |
|
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|
545 encoding error occurs. |
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546 |
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|
547 buffering has the same meaning as for the builtin open() API. |
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548 It defaults to line buffered. |
|
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|
549 |
|
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|
550 The returned wrapped file object provides an extra attribute |
|
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551 .encoding which allows querying the used encoding. This |
|
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552 attribute is only available if an encoding was specified as |
|
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553 parameter. |
|
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|
554 |
|
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|
555 """ |
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|
556 if encoding is not None and \ |
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557 'b' not in mode: |
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558 # Force opening of the file in binary mode |
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|
559 mode = mode + 'b' |
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diff
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|
560 file = __builtin__.open(filename, mode, buffering) |
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561 if encoding is None: |
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|
562 return file |
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|
563 (e, d, sr, sw) = lookup(encoding) |
| 12367 | 564 srw = StreamReaderWriter(file, sr, sw, errors) |
| 565 # Add attributes to simplify introspection | |
| 566 srw.encoding = encoding | |
| 567 return srw | |
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568 |
| 12367 | 569 def EncodedFile(file, data_encoding, file_encoding=None, errors='strict'): |
|
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|
570 |
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diff
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|
571 """ Return a wrapped version of file which provides transparent |
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parents:
diff
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|
572 encoding translation. |
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573 |
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574 Strings written to the wrapped file are interpreted according |
| 12367 | 575 to the given data_encoding and then written to the original |
| 576 file as string using file_encoding. The intermediate encoding | |
| 577 will usually be Unicode but depends on the specified codecs. | |
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578 |
| 12367 | 579 Strings are read from the file using file_encoding and then |
| 580 passed back to the caller as string using data_encoding. | |
| 581 | |
| 582 If file_encoding is not given, it defaults to data_encoding. | |
|
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|
583 |
|
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|
584 errors may be given to define the error handling. It defaults |
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parents:
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|
585 to 'strict' which causes ValueErrors to be raised in case an |
|
f104251b6f8f
Module codecs -- Python Codec Registry, API and helpers. Written by
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
586 encoding error occurs. |
|
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|
587 |
|
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|
588 The returned wrapped file object provides two extra attributes |
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589 .data_encoding and .file_encoding which reflect the given |
|
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590 parameters of the same name. The attributes can be used for |
|
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|
591 introspection by Python programs. |
|
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|
592 |
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|
593 """ |
| 12367 | 594 if file_encoding is None: |
| 595 file_encoding = data_encoding | |
| 596 encode, decode = lookup(data_encoding)[:2] | |
| 597 Reader, Writer = lookup(file_encoding)[2:] | |
| 598 sr = StreamRecoder(file, | |
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|
599 encode, decode, Reader, Writer, |
| 12367 | 600 errors) |
| 601 # Add attributes to simplify introspection | |
| 602 sr.data_encoding = data_encoding | |
| 603 sr.file_encoding = file_encoding | |
| 604 return sr | |
|
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605 |
|
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606 ### Helpers for codec lookup |
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|
607 |
|
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|
608 def getencoder(encoding): |
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|
609 |
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610 """ Lookup up the codec for the given encoding and return |
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611 its encoder function. |
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|
612 |
|
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|
613 Raises a LookupError in case the encoding cannot be found. |
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614 |
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615 """ |
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616 return lookup(encoding)[0] |
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617 |
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618 def getdecoder(encoding): |
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619 |
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620 """ Lookup up the codec for the given encoding and return |
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621 its decoder function. |
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622 |
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623 Raises a LookupError in case the encoding cannot be found. |
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624 |
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625 """ |
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626 return lookup(encoding)[1] |
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627 |
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628 def getreader(encoding): |
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629 |
|
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630 """ Lookup up the codec for the given encoding and return |
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631 its StreamReader class or factory function. |
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632 |
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633 Raises a LookupError in case the encoding cannot be found. |
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634 |
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635 """ |
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636 return lookup(encoding)[2] |
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637 |
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638 def getwriter(encoding): |
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639 |
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640 """ Lookup up the codec for the given encoding and return |
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641 its StreamWriter class or factory function. |
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642 |
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643 Raises a LookupError in case the encoding cannot be found. |
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644 |
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645 """ |
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646 return lookup(encoding)[3] |
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647 |
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648 ### Helpers for charmap-based codecs |
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649 |
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650 def make_identity_dict(rng): |
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651 |
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652 """ make_identity_dict(rng) -> dict |
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653 |
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654 Return a dictionary where elements of the rng sequence are |
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655 mapped to themselves. |
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656 |
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657 """ |
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658 res = {} |
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659 for i in rng: |
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660 res[i]=i |
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661 return res |
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662 |
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663 def make_encoding_map(decoding_map): |
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664 |
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665 """ Creates an encoding map from a decoding map. |
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666 |
| 27618 | 667 If a target mapping in the decoding map occurs multiple |
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668 times, then that target is mapped to None (undefined mapping), |
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669 causing an exception when encountered by the charmap codec |
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670 during translation. |
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671 |
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672 One example where this happens is cp875.py which decodes |
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673 multiple character to \u001a. |
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674 |
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675 """ |
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676 m = {} |
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677 for k,v in decoding_map.items(): |
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678 if not v in m: |
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679 m[v] = k |
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680 else: |
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681 m[v] = None |
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682 return m |
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683 |
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684 ### error handlers |
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685 |
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686 strict_errors = lookup_error("strict") |
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687 ignore_errors = lookup_error("ignore") |
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688 replace_errors = lookup_error("replace") |
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689 xmlcharrefreplace_errors = lookup_error("xmlcharrefreplace") |
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690 backslashreplace_errors = lookup_error("backslashreplace") |
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691 |
|
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692 # Tell modulefinder that using codecs probably needs the encodings |
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693 # package |
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694 _false = 0 |
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695 if _false: |
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696 import encodings |
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697 |
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698 ### Tests |
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699 |
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700 if __name__ == '__main__': |
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701 |
| 12367 | 702 # Make stdout translate Latin-1 output into UTF-8 output |
| 703 sys.stdout = EncodedFile(sys.stdout, 'latin-1', 'utf-8') | |
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704 |
| 12367 | 705 # Have stdin translate Latin-1 input into UTF-8 input |
| 706 sys.stdin = EncodedFile(sys.stdin, 'utf-8', 'latin-1') |
