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annotate Lib/argparse.py @ 60008:0dfd62076ded

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Blocked revisions 79402,79406 via svnmerge ........ r79402 | benjamin.peterson | 2010-03-24 20:03:51 -0500 (Wed, 24 Mar 2010) | 1 line set bsddb eol style ........ r79406 | benjamin.peterson | 2010-03-24 20:05:57 -0500 (Wed, 24 Mar 2010) | 1 line fix eol properties on capsule files ........
author Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
date Thu, 25 Mar 2010 01:11:10 +0000
parents cac661db7795
children 036017f2e74c
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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1 # Author: Steven J. Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>.
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2
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3 """Command-line parsing library
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4
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5 This module is an optparse-inspired command-line parsing library that:
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6
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7 - handles both optional and positional arguments
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8 - produces highly informative usage messages
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9 - supports parsers that dispatch to sub-parsers
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10
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11 The following is a simple usage example that sums integers from the
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12 command-line and writes the result to a file::
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13
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14 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
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15 description='sum the integers at the command line')
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16 parser.add_argument(
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17 'integers', metavar='int', nargs='+', type=int,
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18 help='an integer to be summed')
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19 parser.add_argument(
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20 '--log', default=sys.stdout, type=argparse.FileType('w'),
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21 help='the file where the sum should be written')
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22 args = parser.parse_args()
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23 args.log.write('%s' % sum(args.integers))
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24 args.log.close()
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25
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26 The module contains the following public classes:
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27
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28 - ArgumentParser -- The main entry point for command-line parsing. As the
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29 example above shows, the add_argument() method is used to populate
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30 the parser with actions for optional and positional arguments. Then
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31 the parse_args() method is invoked to convert the args at the
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32 command-line into an object with attributes.
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33
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34 - ArgumentError -- The exception raised by ArgumentParser objects when
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35 there are errors with the parser's actions. Errors raised while
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36 parsing the command-line are caught by ArgumentParser and emitted
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37 as command-line messages.
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38
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39 - FileType -- A factory for defining types of files to be created. As the
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40 example above shows, instances of FileType are typically passed as
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41 the type= argument of add_argument() calls.
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42
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43 - Action -- The base class for parser actions. Typically actions are
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44 selected by passing strings like 'store_true' or 'append_const' to
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45 the action= argument of add_argument(). However, for greater
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46 customization of ArgumentParser actions, subclasses of Action may
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47 be defined and passed as the action= argument.
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48
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49 - HelpFormatter, RawDescriptionHelpFormatter, RawTextHelpFormatter,
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50 ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter -- Formatter classes which
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51 may be passed as the formatter_class= argument to the
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52 ArgumentParser constructor. HelpFormatter is the default,
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53 RawDescriptionHelpFormatter and RawTextHelpFormatter tell the parser
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54 not to change the formatting for help text, and
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55 ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter adds information about argument defaults
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56 to the help.
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57
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58 All other classes in this module are considered implementation details.
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59 (Also note that HelpFormatter and RawDescriptionHelpFormatter are only
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60 considered public as object names -- the API of the formatter objects is
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61 still considered an implementation detail.)
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62 """
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63
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64 __version__ = '1.1'
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65 __all__ = [
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66 'ArgumentParser',
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67 'ArgumentError',
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68 'Namespace',
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69 'Action',
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70 'FileType',
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71 'HelpFormatter',
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72 'RawDescriptionHelpFormatter',
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73 'RawTextHelpFormatter',
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74 'ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter',
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75 ]
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76
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77
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78 import copy as _copy
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79 import os as _os
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80 import re as _re
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81 import sys as _sys
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82 import textwrap as _textwrap
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83
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84 from gettext import gettext as _
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85
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86
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87 def _callable(obj):
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88 return hasattr(obj, '__call__') or hasattr(obj, '__bases__')
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89
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90
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91 SUPPRESS = '==SUPPRESS=='
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92
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93 OPTIONAL = '?'
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94 ZERO_OR_MORE = '*'
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95 ONE_OR_MORE = '+'
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96 PARSER = 'A...'
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97 REMAINDER = '...'
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98
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99 # =============================
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100 # Utility functions and classes
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101 # =============================
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102
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103 class _AttributeHolder(object):
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104 """Abstract base class that provides __repr__.
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105
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106 The __repr__ method returns a string in the format::
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107 ClassName(attr=name, attr=name, ...)
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108 The attributes are determined either by a class-level attribute,
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109 '_kwarg_names', or by inspecting the instance __dict__.
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110 """
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111
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112 def __repr__(self):
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113 type_name = type(self).__name__
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114 arg_strings = []
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115 for arg in self._get_args():
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116 arg_strings.append(repr(arg))
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117 for name, value in self._get_kwargs():
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118 arg_strings.append('%s=%r' % (name, value))
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119 return '%s(%s)' % (type_name, ', '.join(arg_strings))
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120
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121 def _get_kwargs(self):
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122 return sorted(self.__dict__.items())
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123
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124 def _get_args(self):
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125 return []
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126
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127
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128 def _ensure_value(namespace, name, value):
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129 if getattr(namespace, name, None) is None:
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130 setattr(namespace, name, value)
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131 return getattr(namespace, name)
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132
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133
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134 # ===============
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135 # Formatting Help
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136 # ===============
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137
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138 class HelpFormatter(object):
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139 """Formatter for generating usage messages and argument help strings.
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140
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141 Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
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142 provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
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143 """
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144
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145 def __init__(self,
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146 prog,
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147 indent_increment=2,
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148 max_help_position=24,
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149 width=None):
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150
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151 # default setting for width
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152 if width is None:
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153 try:
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154 width = int(_os.environ['COLUMNS'])
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155 except (KeyError, ValueError):
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156 width = 80
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157 width -= 2
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158
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159 self._prog = prog
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160 self._indent_increment = indent_increment
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161 self._max_help_position = max_help_position
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162 self._width = width
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163
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164 self._current_indent = 0
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165 self._level = 0
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166 self._action_max_length = 0
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167
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168 self._root_section = self._Section(self, None)
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169 self._current_section = self._root_section
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170
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171 self._whitespace_matcher = _re.compile(r'\s+')
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172 self._long_break_matcher = _re.compile(r'\n\n\n+')
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173
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174 # ===============================
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175 # Section and indentation methods
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176 # ===============================
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177 def _indent(self):
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178 self._current_indent += self._indent_increment
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179 self._level += 1
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180
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181 def _dedent(self):
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182 self._current_indent -= self._indent_increment
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183 assert self._current_indent >= 0, 'Indent decreased below 0.'
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184 self._level -= 1
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185
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186 class _Section(object):
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187
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188 def __init__(self, formatter, parent, heading=None):
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189 self.formatter = formatter
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190 self.parent = parent
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191 self.heading = heading
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192 self.items = []
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193
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194 def format_help(self):
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195 # format the indented section
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196 if self.parent is not None:
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197 self.formatter._indent()
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198 join = self.formatter._join_parts
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199 for func, args in self.items:
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200 func(*args)
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201 item_help = join([func(*args) for func, args in self.items])
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202 if self.parent is not None:
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203 self.formatter._dedent()
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204
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205 # return nothing if the section was empty
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206 if not item_help:
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207 return ''
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208
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209 # add the heading if the section was non-empty
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210 if self.heading is not SUPPRESS and self.heading is not None:
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211 current_indent = self.formatter._current_indent
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212 heading = '%*s%s:\n' % (current_indent, '', self.heading)
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213 else:
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214 heading = ''
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215
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216 # join the section-initial newline, the heading and the help
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217 return join(['\n', heading, item_help, '\n'])
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218
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219 def _add_item(self, func, args):
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220 self._current_section.items.append((func, args))
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221
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222 # ========================
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223 # Message building methods
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224 # ========================
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225 def start_section(self, heading):
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226 self._indent()
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227 section = self._Section(self, self._current_section, heading)
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228 self._add_item(section.format_help, [])
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229 self._current_section = section
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230
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231 def end_section(self):
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232 self._current_section = self._current_section.parent
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233 self._dedent()
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234
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235 def add_text(self, text):
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236 if text is not SUPPRESS and text is not None:
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237 self._add_item(self._format_text, [text])
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238
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239 def add_usage(self, usage, actions, groups, prefix=None):
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240 if usage is not SUPPRESS:
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241 args = usage, actions, groups, prefix
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242 self._add_item(self._format_usage, args)
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243
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244 def add_argument(self, action):
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245 if action.help is not SUPPRESS:
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246
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247 # find all invocations
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248 get_invocation = self._format_action_invocation
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249 invocations = [get_invocation(action)]
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250 for subaction in self._iter_indented_subactions(action):
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251 invocations.append(get_invocation(subaction))
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252
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253 # update the maximum item length
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254 invocation_length = max([len(s) for s in invocations])
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255 action_length = invocation_length + self._current_indent
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256 self._action_max_length = max(self._action_max_length,
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257 action_length)
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258
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259 # add the item to the list
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260 self._add_item(self._format_action, [action])
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261
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262 def add_arguments(self, actions):
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263 for action in actions:
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264 self.add_argument(action)
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265
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266 # =======================
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267 # Help-formatting methods
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268 # =======================
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269 def format_help(self):
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270 help = self._root_section.format_help()
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271 if help:
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272 help = self._long_break_matcher.sub('\n\n', help)
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273 help = help.strip('\n') + '\n'
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274 return help
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275
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276 def _join_parts(self, part_strings):
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277 return ''.join([part
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278 for part in part_strings
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279 if part and part is not SUPPRESS])
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280
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281 def _format_usage(self, usage, actions, groups, prefix):
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282 if prefix is None:
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283 prefix = _('usage: ')
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284
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285 # if usage is specified, use that
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286 if usage is not None:
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287 usage = usage % dict(prog=self._prog)
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288
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289 # if no optionals or positionals are available, usage is just prog
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290 elif usage is None and not actions:
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291 usage = '%(prog)s' % dict(prog=self._prog)
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292
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293 # if optionals and positionals are available, calculate usage
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294 elif usage is None:
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295 prog = '%(prog)s' % dict(prog=self._prog)
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296
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297 # split optionals from positionals
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298 optionals = []
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299 positionals = []
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300 for action in actions:
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301 if action.option_strings:
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302 optionals.append(action)
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303 else:
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304 positionals.append(action)
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305
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306 # build full usage string
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307 format = self._format_actions_usage
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308 action_usage = format(optionals + positionals, groups)
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309 usage = ' '.join([s for s in [prog, action_usage] if s])
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310
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311 # wrap the usage parts if it's too long
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312 text_width = self._width - self._current_indent
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313 if len(prefix) + len(usage) > text_width:
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314
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315 # break usage into wrappable parts
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316 part_regexp = r'\(.*?\)+|\[.*?\]+|\S+'
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317 opt_usage = format(optionals, groups)
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318 pos_usage = format(positionals, groups)
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319 opt_parts = _re.findall(part_regexp, opt_usage)
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320 pos_parts = _re.findall(part_regexp, pos_usage)
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321 assert ' '.join(opt_parts) == opt_usage
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322 assert ' '.join(pos_parts) == pos_usage
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323
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324 # helper for wrapping lines
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325 def get_lines(parts, indent, prefix=None):
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326 lines = []
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327 line = []
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328 if prefix is not None:
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329 line_len = len(prefix) - 1
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330 else:
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331 line_len = len(indent) - 1
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332 for part in parts:
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333 if line_len + 1 + len(part) > text_width:
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334 lines.append(indent + ' '.join(line))
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335 line = []
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336 line_len = len(indent) - 1
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337 line.append(part)
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338 line_len += len(part) + 1
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339 if line:
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340 lines.append(indent + ' '.join(line))
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341 if prefix is not None:
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342 lines[0] = lines[0][len(indent):]
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343 return lines
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344
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345 # if prog is short, follow it with optionals or positionals
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346 if len(prefix) + len(prog) <= 0.75 * text_width:
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347 indent = ' ' * (len(prefix) + len(prog) + 1)
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348 if opt_parts:
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349 lines = get_lines([prog] + opt_parts, indent, prefix)
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350 lines.extend(get_lines(pos_parts, indent))
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351 elif pos_parts:
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352 lines = get_lines([prog] + pos_parts, indent, prefix)
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353 else:
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354 lines = [prog]
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355
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356 # if prog is long, put it on its own line
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357 else:
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358 indent = ' ' * len(prefix)
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359 parts = opt_parts + pos_parts
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360 lines = get_lines(parts, indent)
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361 if len(lines) > 1:
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362 lines = []
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363 lines.extend(get_lines(opt_parts, indent))
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364 lines.extend(get_lines(pos_parts, indent))
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365 lines = [prog] + lines
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366
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367 # join lines into usage
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368 usage = '\n'.join(lines)
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369
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370 # prefix with 'usage:'
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371 return '%s%s\n\n' % (prefix, usage)
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372
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373 def _format_actions_usage(self, actions, groups):
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374 # find group indices and identify actions in groups
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375 group_actions = set()
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376 inserts = {}
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377 for group in groups:
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378 try:
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379 start = actions.index(group._group_actions[0])
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380 except ValueError:
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381 continue
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382 else:
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383 end = start + len(group._group_actions)
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384 if actions[start:end] == group._group_actions:
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385 for action in group._group_actions:
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386 group_actions.add(action)
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387 if not group.required:
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388 inserts[start] = '['
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389 inserts[end] = ']'
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390 else:
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391 inserts[start] = '('
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392 inserts[end] = ')'
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393 for i in range(start + 1, end):
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394 inserts[i] = '|'
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395
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396 # collect all actions format strings
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397 parts = []
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398 for i, action in enumerate(actions):
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399
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400 # suppressed arguments are marked with None
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401 # remove | separators for suppressed arguments
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402 if action.help is SUPPRESS:
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403 parts.append(None)
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404 if inserts.get(i) == '|':
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405 inserts.pop(i)
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406 elif inserts.get(i + 1) == '|':
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407 inserts.pop(i + 1)
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408
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409 # produce all arg strings
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410 elif not action.option_strings:
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411 part = self._format_args(action, action.dest)
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412
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413 # if it's in a group, strip the outer []
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414 if action in group_actions:
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415 if part[0] == '[' and part[-1] == ']':
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416 part = part[1:-1]
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417
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418 # add the action string to the list
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419 parts.append(part)
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420
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421 # produce the first way to invoke the option in brackets
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422 else:
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423 option_string = action.option_strings[0]
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424
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425 # if the Optional doesn't take a value, format is:
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426 # -s or --long
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427 if action.nargs == 0:
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428 part = '%s' % option_string
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429
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430 # if the Optional takes a value, format is:
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431 # -s ARGS or --long ARGS
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432 else:
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433 default = action.dest.upper()
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434 args_string = self._format_args(action, default)
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435 part = '%s %s' % (option_string, args_string)
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436
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437 # make it look optional if it's not required or in a group
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438 if not action.required and action not in group_actions:
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439 part = '[%s]' % part
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440
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441 # add the action string to the list
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442 parts.append(part)
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443
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444 # insert things at the necessary indices
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445 for i in sorted(inserts, reverse=True):
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446 parts[i:i] = [inserts[i]]
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447
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448 # join all the action items with spaces
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449 text = ' '.join([item for item in parts if item is not None])
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450
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451 # clean up separators for mutually exclusive groups
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452 open = r'[\[(]'
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453 close = r'[\])]'
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454 text = _re.sub(r'(%s) ' % open, r'\1', text)
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455 text = _re.sub(r' (%s)' % close, r'\1', text)
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456 text = _re.sub(r'%s *%s' % (open, close), r'', text)
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457 text = _re.sub(r'\(([^|]*)\)', r'\1', text)
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458 text = text.strip()
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459
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460 # return the text
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461 return text
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462
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463 def _format_text(self, text):
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464 if '%(prog)' in text:
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465 text = text % dict(prog=self._prog)
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466 text_width = self._width - self._current_indent
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467 indent = ' ' * self._current_indent
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468 return self._fill_text(text, text_width, indent) + '\n\n'
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469
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470 def _format_action(self, action):
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471 # determine the required width and the entry label
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472 help_position = min(self._action_max_length + 2,
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473 self._max_help_position)
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474 help_width = self._width - help_position
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475 action_width = help_position - self._current_indent - 2
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476 action_header = self._format_action_invocation(action)
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477
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478 # ho nelp; start on same line and add a final newline
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479 if not action.help:
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480 tup = self._current_indent, '', action_header
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481 action_header = '%*s%s\n' % tup
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482
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483 # short action name; start on the same line and pad two spaces
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484 elif len(action_header) <= action_width:
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485 tup = self._current_indent, '', action_width, action_header
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486 action_header = '%*s%-*s ' % tup
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487 indent_first = 0
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488
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489 # long action name; start on the next line
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490 else:
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491 tup = self._current_indent, '', action_header
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492 action_header = '%*s%s\n' % tup
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493 indent_first = help_position
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494
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495 # collect the pieces of the action help
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496 parts = [action_header]
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497
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498 # if there was help for the action, add lines of help text
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499 if action.help:
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500 help_text = self._expand_help(action)
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501 help_lines = self._split_lines(help_text, help_width)
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502 parts.append('%*s%s\n' % (indent_first, '', help_lines[0]))
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503 for line in help_lines[1:]:
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504 parts.append('%*s%s\n' % (help_position, '', line))
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505
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506 # or add a newline if the description doesn't end with one
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507 elif not action_header.endswith('\n'):
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508 parts.append('\n')
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509
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510 # if there are any sub-actions, add their help as well
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511 for subaction in self._iter_indented_subactions(action):
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512 parts.append(self._format_action(subaction))
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513
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514 # return a single string
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515 return self._join_parts(parts)
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516
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517 def _format_action_invocation(self, action):
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518 if not action.option_strings:
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519 metavar, = self._metavar_formatter(action, action.dest)(1)
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520 return metavar
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521
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522 else:
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523 parts = []
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524
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525 # if the Optional doesn't take a value, format is:
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526 # -s, --long
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527 if action.nargs == 0:
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528 parts.extend(action.option_strings)
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529
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530 # if the Optional takes a value, format is:
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531 # -s ARGS, --long ARGS
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532 else:
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533 default = action.dest.upper()
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534 args_string = self._format_args(action, default)
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535 for option_string in action.option_strings:
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536 parts.append('%s %s' % (option_string, args_string))
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537
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538 return ', '.join(parts)
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539
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540 def _metavar_formatter(self, action, default_metavar):
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541 if action.metavar is not None:
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542 result = action.metavar
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543 elif action.choices is not None:
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544 choice_strs = [str(choice) for choice in action.choices]
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545 result = '{%s}' % ','.join(choice_strs)
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546 else:
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547 result = default_metavar
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548
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549 def format(tuple_size):
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550 if isinstance(result, tuple):
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551 return result
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552 else:
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553 return (result, ) * tuple_size
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554 return format
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555
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556 def _format_args(self, action, default_metavar):
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557 get_metavar = self._metavar_formatter(action, default_metavar)
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558 if action.nargs is None:
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559 result = '%s' % get_metavar(1)
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560 elif action.nargs == OPTIONAL:
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561 result = '[%s]' % get_metavar(1)
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562 elif action.nargs == ZERO_OR_MORE:
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563 result = '[%s [%s ...]]' % get_metavar(2)
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564 elif action.nargs == ONE_OR_MORE:
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565 result = '%s [%s ...]' % get_metavar(2)
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566 elif action.nargs == REMAINDER:
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567 result = '...'
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568 elif action.nargs == PARSER:
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569 result = '%s ...' % get_metavar(1)
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570 else:
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571 formats = ['%s' for _ in range(action.nargs)]
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572 result = ' '.join(formats) % get_metavar(action.nargs)
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573 return result
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574
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575 def _expand_help(self, action):
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576 params = dict(vars(action), prog=self._prog)
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577 for name in list(params):
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578 if params[name] is SUPPRESS:
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579 del params[name]
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580 for name in list(params):
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581 if hasattr(params[name], '__name__'):
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582 params[name] = params[name].__name__
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583 if params.get('choices') is not None:
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584 choices_str = ', '.join([str(c) for c in params['choices']])
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585 params['choices'] = choices_str
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586 return self._get_help_string(action) % params
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587
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588 def _iter_indented_subactions(self, action):
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589 try:
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590 get_subactions = action._get_subactions
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591 except AttributeError:
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592 pass
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593 else:
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594 self._indent()
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595 for subaction in get_subactions():
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596 yield subaction
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597 self._dedent()
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598
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599 def _split_lines(self, text, width):
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600 text = self._whitespace_matcher.sub(' ', text).strip()
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601 return _textwrap.wrap(text, width)
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602
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603 def _fill_text(self, text, width, indent):
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604 text = self._whitespace_matcher.sub(' ', text).strip()
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605 return _textwrap.fill(text, width, initial_indent=indent,
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606 subsequent_indent=indent)
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607
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608 def _get_help_string(self, action):
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609 return action.help
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610
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611
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612 class RawDescriptionHelpFormatter(HelpFormatter):
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613 """Help message formatter which retains any formatting in descriptions.
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614
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615 Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
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616 provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
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617 """
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618
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619 def _fill_text(self, text, width, indent):
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620 return ''.join([indent + line for line in text.splitlines(True)])
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621
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622
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623 class RawTextHelpFormatter(RawDescriptionHelpFormatter):
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624 """Help message formatter which retains formatting of all help text.
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625
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626 Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
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627 provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
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628 """
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629
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630 def _split_lines(self, text, width):
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631 return text.splitlines()
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diff changeset
632
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633
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634 class ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter(HelpFormatter):
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635 """Help message formatter which adds default values to argument help.
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636
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637 Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
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638 provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
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639 """
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640
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641 def _get_help_string(self, action):
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642 help = action.help
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643 if '%(default)' not in action.help:
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644 if action.default is not SUPPRESS:
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645 defaulting_nargs = [OPTIONAL, ZERO_OR_MORE]
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646 if action.option_strings or action.nargs in defaulting_nargs:
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647 help += ' (default: %(default)s)'
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648 return help
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649
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650
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651 # =====================
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652 # Options and Arguments
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653 # =====================
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654
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655 def _get_action_name(argument):
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656 if argument is None:
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657 return None
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658 elif argument.option_strings:
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659 return '/'.join(argument.option_strings)
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660 elif argument.metavar not in (None, SUPPRESS):
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661 return argument.metavar
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662 elif argument.dest not in (None, SUPPRESS):
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663 return argument.dest
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664 else:
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665 return None
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666
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667
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668 class ArgumentError(Exception):
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669 """An error from creating or using an argument (optional or positional).
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670
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671 The string value of this exception is the message, augmented with
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672 information about the argument that caused it.
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673 """
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674
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675 def __init__(self, argument, message):
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676 self.argument_name = _get_action_name(argument)
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677 self.message = message
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678
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679 def __str__(self):
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680 if self.argument_name is None:
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681 format = '%(message)s'
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682 else:
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683 format = 'argument %(argument_name)s: %(message)s'
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684 return format % dict(message=self.message,
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685 argument_name=self.argument_name)
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686
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687
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688 class ArgumentTypeError(Exception):
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diff changeset
689 """An error from trying to convert a command line string to a type."""
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diff changeset
690 pass
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diff changeset
691
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diff changeset
692
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693 # ==============
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694 # Action classes
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695 # ==============
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696
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697 class Action(_AttributeHolder):
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698 """Information about how to convert command line strings to Python objects.
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699
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700 Action objects are used by an ArgumentParser to represent the information
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701 needed to parse a single argument from one or more strings from the
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702 command line. The keyword arguments to the Action constructor are also
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703 all attributes of Action instances.
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704
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705 Keyword Arguments:
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706
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707 - option_strings -- A list of command-line option strings which
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708 should be associated with this action.
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709
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710 - dest -- The name of the attribute to hold the created object(s)
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711
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712 - nargs -- The number of command-line arguments that should be
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713 consumed. By default, one argument will be consumed and a single
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714 value will be produced. Other values include:
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715 - N (an integer) consumes N arguments (and produces a list)
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716 - '?' consumes zero or one arguments
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717 - '*' consumes zero or more arguments (and produces a list)
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718 - '+' consumes one or more arguments (and produces a list)
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719 Note that the difference between the default and nargs=1 is that
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720 with the default, a single value will be produced, while with
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721 nargs=1, a list containing a single value will be produced.
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722
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723 - const -- The value to be produced if the option is specified and the
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724 option uses an action that takes no values.
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725
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726 - default -- The value to be produced if the option is not specified.
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727
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728 - type -- The type which the command-line arguments should be converted
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729 to, should be one of 'string', 'int', 'float', 'complex' or a
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730 callable object that accepts a single string argument. If None,
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731 'string' is assumed.
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732
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733 - choices -- A container of values that should be allowed. If not None,
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734 after a command-line argument has been converted to the appropriate
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735 type, an exception will be raised if it is not a member of this
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736 collection.
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737
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738 - required -- True if the action must always be specified at the
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739 command line. This is only meaningful for optional command-line
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740 arguments.
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741
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742 - help -- The help string describing the argument.
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743
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744 - metavar -- The name to be used for the option's argument with the
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745 help string. If None, the 'dest' value will be used as the name.
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746 """
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747
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748 def __init__(self,
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749 option_strings,
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750 dest,
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751 nargs=None,
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752 const=None,
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753 default=None,
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754 type=None,
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755 choices=None,
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756 required=False,
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757 help=None,
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758 metavar=None):
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759 self.option_strings = option_strings
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760 self.dest = dest
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761 self.nargs = nargs
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762 self.const = const
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763 self.default = default
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764 self.type = type
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765 self.choices = choices
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766 self.required = required
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767 self.help = help
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768 self.metavar = metavar
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769
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770 def _get_kwargs(self):
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771 names = [
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772 'option_strings',
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773 'dest',
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774 'nargs',
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775 'const',
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776 'default',
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777 'type',
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778 'choices',
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779 'help',
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780 'metavar',
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781 ]
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782 return [(name, getattr(self, name)) for name in names]
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783
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784 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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785 raise NotImplementedError(_('.__call__() not defined'))
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786
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787
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788 class _StoreAction(Action):
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789
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790 def __init__(self,
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791 option_strings,
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792 dest,
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793 nargs=None,
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794 const=None,
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795 default=None,
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796 type=None,
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797 choices=None,
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798 required=False,
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799 help=None,
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800 metavar=None):
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801 if nargs == 0:
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802 raise ValueError('nargs for store actions must be > 0; if you '
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803 'have nothing to store, actions such as store '
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804 'true or store const may be more appropriate')
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805 if const is not None and nargs != OPTIONAL:
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806 raise ValueError('nargs must be %r to supply const' % OPTIONAL)
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807 super(_StoreAction, self).__init__(
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808 option_strings=option_strings,
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809 dest=dest,
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810 nargs=nargs,
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811 const=const,
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812 default=default,
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813 type=type,
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814 choices=choices,
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815 required=required,
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816 help=help,
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817 metavar=metavar)
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818
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819 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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820 setattr(namespace, self.dest, values)
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821
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822
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823 class _StoreConstAction(Action):
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824
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825 def __init__(self,
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826 option_strings,
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827 dest,
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828 const,
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829 default=None,
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830 required=False,
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831 help=None,
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832 metavar=None):
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833 super(_StoreConstAction, self).__init__(
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834 option_strings=option_strings,
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835 dest=dest,
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836 nargs=0,
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837 const=const,
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838 default=default,
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839 required=required,
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840 help=help)
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841
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842 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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843 setattr(namespace, self.dest, self.const)
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844
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diff changeset
845
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846 class _StoreTrueAction(_StoreConstAction):
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847
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848 def __init__(self,
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849 option_strings,
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850 dest,
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851 default=False,
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852 required=False,
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853 help=None):
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854 super(_StoreTrueAction, self).__init__(
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855 option_strings=option_strings,
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856 dest=dest,
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857 const=True,
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858 default=default,
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859 required=required,
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860 help=help)
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diff changeset
861
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diff changeset
862
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863 class _StoreFalseAction(_StoreConstAction):
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864
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diff changeset
865 def __init__(self,
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866 option_strings,
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867 dest,
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868 default=True,
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869 required=False,
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870 help=None):
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871 super(_StoreFalseAction, self).__init__(
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872 option_strings=option_strings,
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873 dest=dest,
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874 const=False,
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875 default=default,
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876 required=required,
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877 help=help)
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diff changeset
878
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diff changeset
879
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
880 class _AppendAction(Action):
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diff changeset
881
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diff changeset
882 def __init__(self,
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diff changeset
883 option_strings,
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diff changeset
884 dest,
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885 nargs=None,
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diff changeset
886 const=None,
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diff changeset
887 default=None,
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diff changeset
888 type=None,
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diff changeset
889 choices=None,
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890 required=False,
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891 help=None,
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892 metavar=None):
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893 if nargs == 0:
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diff changeset
894 raise ValueError('nargs for append actions must be > 0; if arg '
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diff changeset
895 'strings are not supplying the value to append, '
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diff changeset
896 'the append const action may be more appropriate')
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
897 if const is not None and nargs != OPTIONAL:
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diff changeset
898 raise ValueError('nargs must be %r to supply const' % OPTIONAL)
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diff changeset
899 super(_AppendAction, self).__init__(
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
900 option_strings=option_strings,
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diff changeset
901 dest=dest,
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diff changeset
902 nargs=nargs,
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diff changeset
903 const=const,
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diff changeset
904 default=default,
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diff changeset
905 type=type,
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diff changeset
906 choices=choices,
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diff changeset
907 required=required,
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diff changeset
908 help=help,
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
909 metavar=metavar)
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diff changeset
910
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diff changeset
911 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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diff changeset
912 items = _copy.copy(_ensure_value(namespace, self.dest, []))
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diff changeset
913 items.append(values)
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diff changeset
914 setattr(namespace, self.dest, items)
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diff changeset
915
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diff changeset
916
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diff changeset
917 class _AppendConstAction(Action):
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diff changeset
918
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diff changeset
919 def __init__(self,
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diff changeset
920 option_strings,
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diff changeset
921 dest,
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diff changeset
922 const,
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diff changeset
923 default=None,
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diff changeset
924 required=False,
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diff changeset
925 help=None,
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diff changeset
926 metavar=None):
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diff changeset
927 super(_AppendConstAction, self).__init__(
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diff changeset
928 option_strings=option_strings,
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diff changeset
929 dest=dest,
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diff changeset
930 nargs=0,
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diff changeset
931 const=const,
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diff changeset
932 default=default,
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diff changeset
933 required=required,
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934 help=help,
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diff changeset
935 metavar=metavar)
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diff changeset
936
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diff changeset
937 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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diff changeset
938 items = _copy.copy(_ensure_value(namespace, self.dest, []))
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diff changeset
939 items.append(self.const)
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940 setattr(namespace, self.dest, items)
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diff changeset
941
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diff changeset
942
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diff changeset
943 class _CountAction(Action):
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diff changeset
944
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diff changeset
945 def __init__(self,
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946 option_strings,
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diff changeset
947 dest,
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diff changeset
948 default=None,
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949 required=False,
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950 help=None):
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951 super(_CountAction, self).__init__(
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952 option_strings=option_strings,
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diff changeset
953 dest=dest,
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diff changeset
954 nargs=0,
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diff changeset
955 default=default,
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956 required=required,
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957 help=help)
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958
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diff changeset
959 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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diff changeset
960 new_count = _ensure_value(namespace, self.dest, 0) + 1
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diff changeset
961 setattr(namespace, self.dest, new_count)
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diff changeset
962
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diff changeset
963
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diff changeset
964 class _HelpAction(Action):
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diff changeset
965
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diff changeset
966 def __init__(self,
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967 option_strings,
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diff changeset
968 dest=SUPPRESS,
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diff changeset
969 default=SUPPRESS,
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970 help=None):
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971 super(_HelpAction, self).__init__(
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972 option_strings=option_strings,
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973 dest=dest,
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diff changeset
974 default=default,
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975 nargs=0,
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976 help=help)
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977
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978 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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979 parser.print_help()
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980 parser.exit()
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981
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982
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983 class _VersionAction(Action):
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984
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985 def __init__(self,
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986 option_strings,
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987 version=None,
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988 dest=SUPPRESS,
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989 default=SUPPRESS,
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990 help=None):
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991 super(_VersionAction, self).__init__(
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992 option_strings=option_strings,
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993 dest=dest,
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994 default=default,
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995 nargs=0,
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996 help=help)
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997 self.version = version
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998
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999 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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1000 version = self.version
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1001 if version is None:
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1002 version = parser.version
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1003 formatter = parser._get_formatter()
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1004 formatter.add_text(version)
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1005 parser.exit(message=formatter.format_help())
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1006
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1007
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1008 class _SubParsersAction(Action):
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1009
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1010 class _ChoicesPseudoAction(Action):
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1011
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1012 def __init__(self, name, help):
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1013 sup = super(_SubParsersAction._ChoicesPseudoAction, self)
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1014 sup.__init__(option_strings=[], dest=name, help=help)
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1015
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1016 def __init__(self,
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1017 option_strings,
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1018 prog,
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1019 parser_class,
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1020 dest=SUPPRESS,
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1021 help=None,
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1022 metavar=None):
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1023
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1024 self._prog_prefix = prog
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1025 self._parser_class = parser_class
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1026 self._name_parser_map = {}
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1027 self._choices_actions = []
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1028
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1029 super(_SubParsersAction, self).__init__(
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1030 option_strings=option_strings,
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1031 dest=dest,
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1032 nargs=PARSER,
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1033 choices=self._name_parser_map,
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1034 help=help,
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1035 metavar=metavar)
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1036
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1037 def add_parser(self, name, **kwargs):
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1038 # set prog from the existing prefix
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1039 if kwargs.get('prog') is None:
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1040 kwargs['prog'] = '%s %s' % (self._prog_prefix, name)
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1041
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1042 # create a pseudo-action to hold the choice help
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1043 if 'help' in kwargs:
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1044 help = kwargs.pop('help')
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1045 choice_action = self._ChoicesPseudoAction(name, help)
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1046 self._choices_actions.append(choice_action)
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1047
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1048 # create the parser and add it to the map
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1049 parser = self._parser_class(**kwargs)
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1050 self._name_parser_map[name] = parser
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1051 return parser
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1052
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1053 def _get_subactions(self):
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1054 return self._choices_actions
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1055
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1056 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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1057 parser_name = values[0]
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1058 arg_strings = values[1:]
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1059
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1060 # set the parser name if requested
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1061 if self.dest is not SUPPRESS:
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1062 setattr(namespace, self.dest, parser_name)
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1063
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1064 # select the parser
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1065 try:
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1066 parser = self._name_parser_map[parser_name]
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1067 except KeyError:
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1068 tup = parser_name, ', '.join(self._name_parser_map)
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1069 msg = _('unknown parser %r (choices: %s)' % tup)
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1070 raise ArgumentError(self, msg)
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1071
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1072 # parse all the remaining options into the namespace
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1073 parser.parse_args(arg_strings, namespace)
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1074
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1075
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1076 # ==============
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1077 # Type classes
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1078 # ==============
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1079
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1080 class FileType(object):
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1081 """Factory for creating file object types
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1082
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1083 Instances of FileType are typically passed as type= arguments to the
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1084 ArgumentParser add_argument() method.
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1085
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1086 Keyword Arguments:
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1087 - mode -- A string indicating how the file is to be opened. Accepts the
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1088 same values as the builtin open() function.
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1089 - bufsize -- The file's desired buffer size. Accepts the same values as
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1090 the builtin open() function.
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1091 """
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1092
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1093 def __init__(self, mode='r', bufsize=None):
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1094 self._mode = mode
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1095 self._bufsize = bufsize
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1096
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1097 def __call__(self, string):
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1098 # the special argument "-" means sys.std{in,out}
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1099 if string == '-':
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1100 if 'r' in self._mode:
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1101 return _sys.stdin
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1102 elif 'w' in self._mode:
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1103 return _sys.stdout
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1104 else:
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1105 msg = _('argument "-" with mode %r' % self._mode)
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1106 raise ValueError(msg)
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1107
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1108 # all other arguments are used as file names
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1109 if self._bufsize:
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1110 return open(string, self._mode, self._bufsize)
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1111 else:
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1112 return open(string, self._mode)
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1113
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1114 def __repr__(self):
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1115 args = [self._mode, self._bufsize]
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1116 args_str = ', '.join([repr(arg) for arg in args if arg is not None])
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1117 return '%s(%s)' % (type(self).__name__, args_str)
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1118
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1119 # ===========================
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1120 # Optional and Positional Parsing
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1121 # ===========================
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1122
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1123 class Namespace(_AttributeHolder):
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1124 """Simple object for storing attributes.
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1125
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1126 Implements equality by attribute names and values, and provides a simple
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1127 string representation.
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1128 """
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1129
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1130 def __init__(self, **kwargs):
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1131 for name in kwargs:
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1132 setattr(self, name, kwargs[name])
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1133
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1134 def __eq__(self, other):
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1135 return vars(self) == vars(other)
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1136
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1137 def __ne__(self, other):
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1138 return not (self == other)
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1139
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1140 def __contains__(self, key):
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1141 return key in self.__dict__
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1142
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1143
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1144 class _ActionsContainer(object):
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1145
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1146 def __init__(self,
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1147 description,
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1148 prefix_chars,
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1149 argument_default,
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1150 conflict_handler):
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1151 super(_ActionsContainer, self).__init__()
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1152
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1153 self.description = description
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1154 self.argument_default = argument_default
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1155 self.prefix_chars = prefix_chars
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1156 self.conflict_handler = conflict_handler
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1157
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1158 # set up registries
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1159 self._registries = {}
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1160
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1161 # register actions
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1162 self.register('action', None, _StoreAction)
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1163 self.register('action', 'store', _StoreAction)
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1164 self.register('action', 'store_const', _StoreConstAction)
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1165 self.register('action', 'store_true', _StoreTrueAction)
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1166 self.register('action', 'store_false', _StoreFalseAction)
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1167 self.register('action', 'append', _AppendAction)
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1168 self.register('action', 'append_const', _AppendConstAction)
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1169 self.register('action', 'count', _CountAction)
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1170 self.register('action', 'help', _HelpAction)
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1171 self.register('action', 'version', _VersionAction)
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1172 self.register('action', 'parsers', _SubParsersAction)
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1173
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1174 # raise an exception if the conflict handler is invalid
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1175 self._get_handler()
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1176
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1177 # action storage
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1178 self._actions = []
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1179 self._option_string_actions = {}
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1180
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1181 # groups
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1182 self._action_groups = []
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1183 self._mutually_exclusive_groups = []
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1184
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diff changeset
1185 # defaults storage
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1186 self._defaults = {}
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1187
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1188 # determines whether an "option" looks like a negative number
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1189 self._negative_number_matcher = _re.compile(r'^-\d+$|^-\d*\.\d+$')
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1190
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1191 # whether or not there are any optionals that look like negative
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1192 # numbers -- uses a list so it can be shared and edited
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1193 self._has_negative_number_optionals = []
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1194
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1195 # ====================
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1196 # Registration methods
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1197 # ====================
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1198 def register(self, registry_name, value, object):
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1199 registry = self._registries.setdefault(registry_name, {})
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1200 registry[value] = object
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1201
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1202 def _registry_get(self, registry_name, value, default=None):
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1203 return self._registries[registry_name].get(value, default)
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1204
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1205 # ==================================
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1206 # Namespace default accessor methods
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1207 # ==================================
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1208 def set_defaults(self, **kwargs):
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1209 self._defaults.update(kwargs)
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1210
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1211 # if these defaults match any existing arguments, replace
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diff changeset
1212 # the previous default on the object with the new one
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1213 for action in self._actions:
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1214 if action.dest in kwargs:
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1215 action.default = kwargs[action.dest]
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1216
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1217 def get_default(self, dest):
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1218 for action in self._actions:
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1219 if action.dest == dest and action.default is not None:
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1220 return action.default
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1221 return self._defaults.get(dest, None)
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1222
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1223
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1224 # =======================
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1225 # Adding argument actions
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1226 # =======================
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1227 def add_argument(self, *args, **kwargs):
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1228 """
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1229 add_argument(dest, ..., name=value, ...)
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1230 add_argument(option_string, option_string, ..., name=value, ...)
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1231 """
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1232
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1233 # if no positional args are supplied or only one is supplied and
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1234 # it doesn't look like an option string, parse a positional
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1235 # argument
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1236 chars = self.prefix_chars
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1237 if not args or len(args) == 1 and args[0][0] not in chars:
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1238 if args and 'dest' in kwargs:
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1239 raise ValueError('dest supplied twice for positional argument')
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1240 kwargs = self._get_positional_kwargs(*args, **kwargs)
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1241
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1242 # otherwise, we're adding an optional argument
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1243 else:
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1244 kwargs = self._get_optional_kwargs(*args, **kwargs)
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1245
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1246 # if no default was supplied, use the parser-level default
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1247 if 'default' not in kwargs:
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1248 dest = kwargs['dest']
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1249 if dest in self._defaults:
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1250 kwargs['default'] = self._defaults[dest]
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1251 elif self.argument_default is not None:
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1252 kwargs['default'] = self.argument_default
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diff changeset
1253
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diff changeset
1254 # create the action object, and add it to the parser
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diff changeset
1255 action_class = self._pop_action_class(kwargs)
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diff changeset
1256 if not _callable(action_class):
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diff changeset
1257 raise ValueError('unknown action "%s"' % action_class)
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diff changeset
1258 action = action_class(**kwargs)
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diff changeset
1259
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diff changeset
1260 # raise an error if the action type is not callable
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diff changeset
1261 type_func = self._registry_get('type', action.type, action.type)
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diff changeset
1262 if not _callable(type_func):
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diff changeset
1263 raise ValueError('%r is not callable' % type_func)
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diff changeset
1264
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diff changeset
1265 return self._add_action(action)
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diff changeset
1266
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diff changeset
1267 def add_argument_group(self, *args, **kwargs):
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diff changeset
1268 group = _ArgumentGroup(self, *args, **kwargs)
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diff changeset
1269 self._action_groups.append(group)
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diff changeset
1270 return group
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diff changeset
1271
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diff changeset
1272 def add_mutually_exclusive_group(self, **kwargs):
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diff changeset
1273 group = _MutuallyExclusiveGroup(self, **kwargs)
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diff changeset
1274 self._mutually_exclusive_groups.append(group)
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diff changeset
1275 return group
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1276
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1277 def _add_action(self, action):
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diff changeset
1278 # resolve any conflicts
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diff changeset
1279 self._check_conflict(action)
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diff changeset
1280
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diff changeset
1281 # add to actions list
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1282 self._actions.append(action)
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diff changeset
1283 action.container = self
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diff changeset
1284
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diff changeset
1285 # index the action by any option strings it has
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diff changeset
1286 for option_string in action.option_strings:
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1287 self._option_string_actions[option_string] = action
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diff changeset
1288
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diff changeset
1289 # set the flag if any option strings look like negative numbers
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diff changeset
1290 for option_string in action.option_strings:
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diff changeset
1291 if self._negative_number_matcher.match(option_string):
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diff changeset
1292 if not self._has_negative_number_optionals:
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diff changeset
1293 self._has_negative_number_optionals.append(True)
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diff changeset
1294
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diff changeset
1295 # return the created action
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diff changeset
1296 return action
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diff changeset
1297
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diff changeset
1298 def _remove_action(self, action):
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diff changeset
1299 self._actions.remove(action)
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diff changeset
1300
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diff changeset
1301 def _add_container_actions(self, container):
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diff changeset
1302 # collect groups by titles
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diff changeset
1303 title_group_map = {}
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diff changeset
1304 for group in self._action_groups:
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diff changeset
1305 if group.title in title_group_map:
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diff changeset
1306 msg = _('cannot merge actions - two groups are named %r')
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diff changeset
1307 raise ValueError(msg % (group.title))
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diff changeset
1308 title_group_map[group.title] = group
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diff changeset
1309
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diff changeset
1310 # map each action to its group
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diff changeset
1311 group_map = {}
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1312 for group in container._action_groups:
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diff changeset
1313
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diff changeset
1314 # if a group with the title exists, use that, otherwise
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diff changeset
1315 # create a new group matching the container's group
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diff changeset
1316 if group.title not in title_group_map:
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diff changeset
1317 title_group_map[group.title] = self.add_argument_group(
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diff changeset
1318 title=group.title,
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diff changeset
1319 description=group.description,
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diff changeset
1320 conflict_handler=group.conflict_handler)
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diff changeset
1321
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diff changeset
1322 # map the actions to their new group
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diff changeset
1323 for action in group._group_actions:
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diff changeset
1324 group_map[action] = title_group_map[group.title]
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diff changeset
1325
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diff changeset
1326 # add container's mutually exclusive groups
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diff changeset
1327 # NOTE: if add_mutually_exclusive_group ever gains title= and
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diff changeset
1328 # description= then this code will need to be expanded as above
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diff changeset
1329 for group in container._mutually_exclusive_groups:
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diff changeset
1330 mutex_group = self.add_mutually_exclusive_group(
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diff changeset
1331 required=group.required)
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diff changeset
1332
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diff changeset
1333 # map the actions to their new mutex group
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diff changeset
1334 for action in group._group_actions:
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diff changeset
1335 group_map[action] = mutex_group
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diff changeset
1336
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diff changeset
1337 # add all actions to this container or their group
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diff changeset
1338 for action in container._actions:
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diff changeset
1339 group_map.get(action, self)._add_action(action)
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diff changeset
1340
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diff changeset
1341 def _get_positional_kwargs(self, dest, **kwargs):
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diff changeset
1342 # make sure required is not specified
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diff changeset
1343 if 'required' in kwargs:
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diff changeset
1344 msg = _("'required' is an invalid argument for positionals")
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diff changeset
1345 raise TypeError(msg)
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diff changeset
1346
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diff changeset
1347 # mark positional arguments as required if at least one is
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diff changeset
1348 # always required
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diff changeset
1349 if kwargs.get('nargs') not in [OPTIONAL, ZERO_OR_MORE]:
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diff changeset
1350 kwargs['required'] = True
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diff changeset
1351 if kwargs.get('nargs') == ZERO_OR_MORE and 'default' not in kwargs:
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diff changeset
1352 kwargs['required'] = True
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diff changeset
1353
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diff changeset
1354 # return the keyword arguments with no option strings
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diff changeset
1355 return dict(kwargs, dest=dest, option_strings=[])
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diff changeset
1356
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diff changeset
1357 def _get_optional_kwargs(self, *args, **kwargs):
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diff changeset
1358 # determine short and long option strings
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diff changeset
1359 option_strings = []
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diff changeset
1360 long_option_strings = []
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diff changeset
1361 for option_string in args:
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diff changeset
1362 # error on strings that don't start with an appropriate prefix
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diff changeset
1363 if not option_string[0] in self.prefix_chars:
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diff changeset
1364 msg = _('invalid option string %r: '
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diff changeset
1365 'must start with a character %r')
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diff changeset
1366 tup = option_string, self.prefix_chars
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diff changeset
1367 raise ValueError(msg % tup)
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diff changeset
1368
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diff changeset
1369 # strings starting with two prefix characters are long options
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diff changeset
1370 option_strings.append(option_string)
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diff changeset
1371 if option_string[0] in self.prefix_chars:
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diff changeset
1372 if len(option_string) > 1:
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diff changeset
1373 if option_string[1] in self.prefix_chars:
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diff changeset
1374 long_option_strings.append(option_string)
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diff changeset
1375
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diff changeset
1376 # infer destination, '--foo-bar' -> 'foo_bar' and '-x' -> 'x'
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diff changeset
1377 dest = kwargs.pop('dest', None)
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diff changeset
1378 if dest is None:
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diff changeset
1379 if long_option_strings:
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diff changeset
1380 dest_option_string = long_option_strings[0]
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diff changeset
1381 else:
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diff changeset
1382 dest_option_string = option_strings[0]
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diff changeset
1383 dest = dest_option_string.lstrip(self.prefix_chars)
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diff changeset
1384 if not dest:
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diff changeset
1385 msg = _('dest= is required for options like %r')
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diff changeset
1386 raise ValueError(msg % option_string)
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1387 dest = dest.replace('-', '_')
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1388
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1389 # return the updated keyword arguments
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1390 return dict(kwargs, dest=dest, option_strings=option_strings)
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1391
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1392 def _pop_action_class(self, kwargs, default=None):
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1393 action = kwargs.pop('action', default)
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1394 return self._registry_get('action', action, action)
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1395
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1396 def _get_handler(self):
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1397 # determine function from conflict handler string
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1398 handler_func_name = '_handle_conflict_%s' % self.conflict_handler
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1399 try:
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1400 return getattr(self, handler_func_name)
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1401 except AttributeError:
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1402 msg = _('invalid conflict_resolution value: %r')
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1403 raise ValueError(msg % self.conflict_handler)
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1404
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1405 def _check_conflict(self, action):
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1406
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1407 # find all options that conflict with this option
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1408 confl_optionals = []
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1409 for option_string in action.option_strings:
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1410 if option_string in self._option_string_actions:
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1411 confl_optional = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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1412 confl_optionals.append((option_string, confl_optional))
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1413
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1414 # resolve any conflicts
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1415 if confl_optionals:
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1416 conflict_handler = self._get_handler()
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1417 conflict_handler(action, confl_optionals)
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1418
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1419 def _handle_conflict_error(self, action, conflicting_actions):
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1420 message = _('conflicting option string(s): %s')
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1421 conflict_string = ', '.join([option_string
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1422 for option_string, action
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1423 in conflicting_actions])
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1424 raise ArgumentError(action, message % conflict_string)
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1425
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1426 def _handle_conflict_resolve(self, action, conflicting_actions):
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1427
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1428 # remove all conflicting options
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1429 for option_string, action in conflicting_actions:
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1430
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1431 # remove the conflicting option
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1432 action.option_strings.remove(option_string)
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1433 self._option_string_actions.pop(option_string, None)
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1434
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1435 # if the option now has no option string, remove it from the
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1436 # container holding it
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1437 if not action.option_strings:
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1438 action.container._remove_action(action)
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1439
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1440
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1441 class _ArgumentGroup(_ActionsContainer):
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1442
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1443 def __init__(self, container, title=None, description=None, **kwargs):
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1444 # add any missing keyword arguments by checking the container
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1445 update = kwargs.setdefault
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1446 update('conflict_handler', container.conflict_handler)
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1447 update('prefix_chars', container.prefix_chars)
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1448 update('argument_default', container.argument_default)
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1449 super_init = super(_ArgumentGroup, self).__init__
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1450 super_init(description=description, **kwargs)
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1451
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1452 # group attributes
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1453 self.title = title
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1454 self._group_actions = []
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1455
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1456 # share most attributes with the container
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1457 self._registries = container._registries
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1458 self._actions = container._actions
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1459 self._option_string_actions = container._option_string_actions
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1460 self._defaults = container._defaults
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1461 self._has_negative_number_optionals = \
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1462 container._has_negative_number_optionals
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1463
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1464 def _add_action(self, action):
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1465 action = super(_ArgumentGroup, self)._add_action(action)
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1466 self._group_actions.append(action)
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1467 return action
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1468
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1469 def _remove_action(self, action):
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1470 super(_ArgumentGroup, self)._remove_action(action)
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1471 self._group_actions.remove(action)
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1472
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1473
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1474 class _MutuallyExclusiveGroup(_ArgumentGroup):
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1475
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1476 def __init__(self, container, required=False):
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1477 super(_MutuallyExclusiveGroup, self).__init__(container)
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1478 self.required = required
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diff changeset
1479 self._container = container
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1480
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1481 def _add_action(self, action):
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1482 if action.required:
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1483 msg = _('mutually exclusive arguments must be optional')
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diff changeset
1484 raise ValueError(msg)
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diff changeset
1485 action = self._container._add_action(action)
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1486 self._group_actions.append(action)
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1487 return action
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1488
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1489 def _remove_action(self, action):
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1490 self._container._remove_action(action)
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1491 self._group_actions.remove(action)
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diff changeset
1492
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diff changeset
1493
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1494 class ArgumentParser(_AttributeHolder, _ActionsContainer):
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diff changeset
1495 """Object for parsing command line strings into Python objects.
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1496
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1497 Keyword Arguments:
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1498 - prog -- The name of the program (default: sys.argv[0])
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1499 - usage -- A usage message (default: auto-generated from arguments)
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1500 - description -- A description of what the program does
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1501 - epilog -- Text following the argument descriptions
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1502 - parents -- Parsers whose arguments should be copied into this one
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1503 - formatter_class -- HelpFormatter class for printing help messages
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1504 - prefix_chars -- Characters that prefix optional arguments
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1505 - fromfile_prefix_chars -- Characters that prefix files containing
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1506 additional arguments
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1507 - argument_default -- The default value for all arguments
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1508 - conflict_handler -- String indicating how to handle conflicts
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1509 - add_help -- Add a -h/-help option
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diff changeset
1510 """
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1511
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1512 def __init__(self,
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1513 prog=None,
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1514 usage=None,
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1515 description=None,
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1516 epilog=None,
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1517 version=None,
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1518 parents=[],
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1519 formatter_class=HelpFormatter,
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1520 prefix_chars='-',
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1521 fromfile_prefix_chars=None,
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1522 argument_default=None,
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diff changeset
1523 conflict_handler='error',
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diff changeset
1524 add_help=True):
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diff changeset
1525
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diff changeset
1526 if version is not None:
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diff changeset
1527 import warnings
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diff changeset
1528 warnings.warn(
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diff changeset
1529 """The "version" argument to ArgumentParser is deprecated. """
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diff changeset
1530 """Please use """
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diff changeset
1531 """"add_argument(..., action='version', version="N", ...)" """
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diff changeset
1532 """instead""", DeprecationWarning)
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1533
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diff changeset
1534 superinit = super(ArgumentParser, self).__init__
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diff changeset
1535 superinit(description=description,
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diff changeset
1536 prefix_chars=prefix_chars,
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diff changeset
1537 argument_default=argument_default,
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diff changeset
1538 conflict_handler=conflict_handler)
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diff changeset
1539
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diff changeset
1540 # default setting for prog
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diff changeset
1541 if prog is None:
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diff changeset
1542 prog = _os.path.basename(_sys.argv[0])
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1543
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diff changeset
1544 self.prog = prog
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diff changeset
1545 self.usage = usage
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diff changeset
1546 self.epilog = epilog
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diff changeset
1547 self.version = version
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diff changeset
1548 self.formatter_class = formatter_class
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diff changeset
1549 self.fromfile_prefix_chars = fromfile_prefix_chars
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diff changeset
1550 self.add_help = add_help
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diff changeset
1551
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1552 add_group = self.add_argument_group
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diff changeset
1553 self._positionals = add_group(_('positional arguments'))
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diff changeset
1554 self._optionals = add_group(_('optional arguments'))
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1555 self._subparsers = None
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1556
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diff changeset
1557 # register types
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diff changeset
1558 def identity(string):
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diff changeset
1559 return string
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diff changeset
1560 self.register('type', None, identity)
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diff changeset
1561
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1562 # add help and version arguments if necessary
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diff changeset
1563 # (using explicit default to override global argument_default)
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diff changeset
1564 if self.add_help:
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diff changeset
1565 self.add_argument(
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diff changeset
1566 '-h', '--help', action='help', default=SUPPRESS,
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diff changeset
1567 help=_('show this help message and exit'))
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diff changeset
1568 if self.version:
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diff changeset
1569 self.add_argument(
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diff changeset
1570 '-v', '--version', action='version', default=SUPPRESS,
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diff changeset
1571 version=self.version,
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diff changeset
1572 help=_("show program's version number and exit"))
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diff changeset
1573
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diff changeset
1574 # add parent arguments and defaults
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1575 for parent in parents:
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diff changeset
1576 self._add_container_actions(parent)
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diff changeset
1577 try:
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diff changeset
1578 defaults = parent._defaults
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diff changeset
1579 except AttributeError:
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diff changeset
1580 pass
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1581 else:
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1582 self._defaults.update(defaults)
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diff changeset
1583
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diff changeset
1584 # =======================
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1585 # Pretty __repr__ methods
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diff changeset
1586 # =======================
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diff changeset
1587 def _get_kwargs(self):
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diff changeset
1588 names = [
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1589 'prog',
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1590 'usage',
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diff changeset
1591 'description',
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diff changeset
1592 'version',
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diff changeset
1593 'formatter_class',
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diff changeset
1594 'conflict_handler',
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diff changeset
1595 'add_help',
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diff changeset
1596 ]
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1597 return [(name, getattr(self, name)) for name in names]
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diff changeset
1598
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diff changeset
1599 # ==================================
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1600 # Optional/Positional adding methods
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diff changeset
1601 # ==================================
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1602 def add_subparsers(self, **kwargs):
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1603 if self._subparsers is not None:
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diff changeset
1604 self.error(_('cannot have multiple subparser arguments'))
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diff changeset
1605
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diff changeset
1606 # add the parser class to the arguments if it's not present
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diff changeset
1607 kwargs.setdefault('parser_class', type(self))
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diff changeset
1608
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1609 if 'title' in kwargs or 'description' in kwargs:
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diff changeset
1610 title = _(kwargs.pop('title', 'subcommands'))
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1611 description = _(kwargs.pop('description', None))
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diff changeset
1612 self._subparsers = self.add_argument_group(title, description)
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1613 else:
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1614 self._subparsers = self._positionals
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1615
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1616 # prog defaults to the usage message of this parser, skipping
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1617 # optional arguments and with no "usage:" prefix
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1618 if kwargs.get('prog') is None:
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diff changeset
1619 formatter = self._get_formatter()
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1620 positionals = self._get_positional_actions()
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diff changeset
1621 groups = self._mutually_exclusive_groups
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diff changeset
1622 formatter.add_usage(self.usage, positionals, groups, '')
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diff changeset
1623 kwargs['prog'] = formatter.format_help().strip()
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diff changeset
1624
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diff changeset
1625 # create the parsers action and add it to the positionals list
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diff changeset
1626 parsers_class = self._pop_action_class(kwargs, 'parsers')
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diff changeset
1627 action = parsers_class(option_strings=[], **kwargs)
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diff changeset
1628 self._subparsers._add_action(action)
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diff changeset
1629
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diff changeset
1630 # return the created parsers action
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diff changeset
1631 return action
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diff changeset
1632
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1633 def _add_action(self, action):
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1634 if action.option_strings:
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diff changeset
1635 self._optionals._add_action(action)
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1636 else:
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1637 self._positionals._add_action(action)
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1638 return action
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diff changeset
1639
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1640 def _get_optional_actions(self):
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diff changeset
1641 return [action
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1642 for action in self._actions
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diff changeset
1643 if action.option_strings]
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1644
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1645 def _get_positional_actions(self):
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diff changeset
1646 return [action
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1647 for action in self._actions
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1648 if not action.option_strings]
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diff changeset
1649
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diff changeset
1650 # =====================================
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1651 # Command line argument parsing methods
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diff changeset
1652 # =====================================
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1653 def parse_args(self, args=None, namespace=None):
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diff changeset
1654 args, argv = self.parse_known_args(args, namespace)
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diff changeset
1655 if argv:
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diff changeset
1656 msg = _('unrecognized arguments: %s')
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diff changeset
1657 self.error(msg % ' '.join(argv))
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diff changeset
1658 return args
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diff changeset
1659
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diff changeset
1660 def parse_known_args(self, args=None, namespace=None):
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diff changeset
1661 # args default to the system args
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diff changeset
1662 if args is None:
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diff changeset
1663 args = _sys.argv[1:]
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diff changeset
1664
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1665 # default Namespace built from parser defaults
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1666 if namespace is None:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1667 namespace = Namespace()
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1668
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diff changeset
1669 # add any action defaults that aren't present
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1670 for action in self._actions:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1671 if action.dest is not SUPPRESS:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1672 if not hasattr(namespace, action.dest):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1673 if action.default is not SUPPRESS:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1674 default = action.default
59282
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parents: 59275
diff changeset
1675 if isinstance(action.default, str):
59275
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1676 default = self._get_value(action, default)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1677 setattr(namespace, action.dest, default)
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1678
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1679 # add any parser defaults that aren't present
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1680 for dest in self._defaults:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1681 if not hasattr(namespace, dest):
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1682 setattr(namespace, dest, self._defaults[dest])
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1683
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1684 # parse the arguments and exit if there are any errors
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1685 try:
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diff changeset
1686 return self._parse_known_args(args, namespace)
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diff changeset
1687 except ArgumentError:
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diff changeset
1688 err = _sys.exc_info()[1]
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1689 self.error(str(err))
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diff changeset
1690
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diff changeset
1691 def _parse_known_args(self, arg_strings, namespace):
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1692 # replace arg strings that are file references
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diff changeset
1693 if self.fromfile_prefix_chars is not None:
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diff changeset
1694 arg_strings = self._read_args_from_files(arg_strings)
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diff changeset
1695
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diff changeset
1696 # map all mutually exclusive arguments to the other arguments
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1697 # they can't occur with
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1698 action_conflicts = {}
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1699 for mutex_group in self._mutually_exclusive_groups:
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diff changeset
1700 group_actions = mutex_group._group_actions
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1701 for i, mutex_action in enumerate(mutex_group._group_actions):
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1702 conflicts = action_conflicts.setdefault(mutex_action, [])
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1703 conflicts.extend(group_actions[:i])
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1704 conflicts.extend(group_actions[i + 1:])
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1705
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1706 # find all option indices, and determine the arg_string_pattern
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1707 # which has an 'O' if there is an option at an index,
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1708 # an 'A' if there is an argument, or a '-' if there is a '--'
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diff changeset
1709 option_string_indices = {}
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1710 arg_string_pattern_parts = []
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1711 arg_strings_iter = iter(arg_strings)
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1712 for i, arg_string in enumerate(arg_strings_iter):
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1713
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diff changeset
1714 # all args after -- are non-options
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1715 if arg_string == '--':
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1716 arg_string_pattern_parts.append('-')
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1717 for arg_string in arg_strings_iter:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1718 arg_string_pattern_parts.append('A')
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1719
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1720 # otherwise, add the arg to the arg strings
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1721 # and note the index if it was an option
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1722 else:
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1723 option_tuple = self._parse_optional(arg_string)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1724 if option_tuple is None:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1725 pattern = 'A'
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1726 else:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1727 option_string_indices[i] = option_tuple
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1728 pattern = 'O'
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1729 arg_string_pattern_parts.append(pattern)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1730
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diff changeset
1731 # join the pieces together to form the pattern
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1732 arg_strings_pattern = ''.join(arg_string_pattern_parts)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1733
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1734 # converts arg strings to the appropriate and then takes the action
59282
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1735 seen_actions = set()
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59275
diff changeset
1736 seen_non_default_actions = set()
59275
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1737
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1738 def take_action(action, argument_strings, option_string=None):
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1739 seen_actions.add(action)
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1740 argument_values = self._get_values(action, argument_strings)
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diff changeset
1741
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1742 # error if this argument is not allowed with other previously
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1743 # seen arguments, assuming that actions that use the default
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1744 # value don't really count as "present"
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1745 if argument_values is not action.default:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1746 seen_non_default_actions.add(action)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1747 for conflict_action in action_conflicts.get(action, []):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1748 if conflict_action in seen_non_default_actions:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1749 msg = _('not allowed with argument %s')
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1750 action_name = _get_action_name(conflict_action)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1751 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % action_name)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1752
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diff changeset
1753 # take the action if we didn't receive a SUPPRESS value
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1754 # (e.g. from a default)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1755 if argument_values is not SUPPRESS:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1756 action(self, namespace, argument_values, option_string)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1757
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1758 # function to convert arg_strings into an optional action
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1759 def consume_optional(start_index):
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1760
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1761 # get the optional identified at this index
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1762 option_tuple = option_string_indices[start_index]
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1763 action, option_string, explicit_arg = option_tuple
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1764
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diff changeset
1765 # identify additional optionals in the same arg string
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1766 # (e.g. -xyz is the same as -x -y -z if no args are required)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1767 match_argument = self._match_argument
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1768 action_tuples = []
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1769 while True:
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1770
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diff changeset
1771 # if we found no optional action, skip it
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diff changeset
1772 if action is None:
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diff changeset
1773 extras.append(arg_strings[start_index])
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1774 return start_index + 1
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diff changeset
1775
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diff changeset
1776 # if there is an explicit argument, try to match the
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1777 # optional's string arguments to only this
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1778 if explicit_arg is not None:
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diff changeset
1779 arg_count = match_argument(action, 'A')
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diff changeset
1780
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diff changeset
1781 # if the action is a single-dash option and takes no
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1782 # arguments, try to parse more single-dash options out
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1783 # of the tail of the option string
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1784 chars = self.prefix_chars
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diff changeset
1785 if arg_count == 0 and option_string[1] not in chars:
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diff changeset
1786 action_tuples.append((action, [], option_string))
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diff changeset
1787 for char in self.prefix_chars:
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diff changeset
1788 option_string = char + explicit_arg[0]
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diff changeset
1789 explicit_arg = explicit_arg[1:] or None
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1790 optionals_map = self._option_string_actions
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1791 if option_string in optionals_map:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1792 action = optionals_map[option_string]
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1793 break
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diff changeset
1794 else:
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diff changeset
1795 msg = _('ignored explicit argument %r')
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diff changeset
1796 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % explicit_arg)
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diff changeset
1797
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diff changeset
1798 # if the action expect exactly one argument, we've
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diff changeset
1799 # successfully matched the option; exit the loop
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diff changeset
1800 elif arg_count == 1:
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diff changeset
1801 stop = start_index + 1
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diff changeset
1802 args = [explicit_arg]
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diff changeset
1803 action_tuples.append((action, args, option_string))
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diff changeset
1804 break
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diff changeset
1805
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diff changeset
1806 # error if a double-dash option did not use the
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diff changeset
1807 # explicit argument
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diff changeset
1808 else:
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diff changeset
1809 msg = _('ignored explicit argument %r')
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diff changeset
1810 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % explicit_arg)
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diff changeset
1811
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diff changeset
1812 # if there is no explicit argument, try to match the
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diff changeset
1813 # optional's string arguments with the following strings
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diff changeset
1814 # if successful, exit the loop
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diff changeset
1815 else:
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diff changeset
1816 start = start_index + 1
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diff changeset
1817 selected_patterns = arg_strings_pattern[start:]
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diff changeset
1818 arg_count = match_argument(action, selected_patterns)
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diff changeset
1819 stop = start + arg_count
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diff changeset
1820 args = arg_strings[start:stop]
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diff changeset
1821 action_tuples.append((action, args, option_string))
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diff changeset
1822 break
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diff changeset
1823
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diff changeset
1824 # add the Optional to the list and return the index at which
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diff changeset
1825 # the Optional's string args stopped
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diff changeset
1826 assert action_tuples
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diff changeset
1827 for action, args, option_string in action_tuples:
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diff changeset
1828 take_action(action, args, option_string)
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diff changeset
1829 return stop
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diff changeset
1830
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diff changeset
1831 # the list of Positionals left to be parsed; this is modified
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diff changeset
1832 # by consume_positionals()
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diff changeset
1833 positionals = self._get_positional_actions()
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diff changeset
1834
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diff changeset
1835 # function to convert arg_strings into positional actions
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diff changeset
1836 def consume_positionals(start_index):
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diff changeset
1837 # match as many Positionals as possible
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diff changeset
1838 match_partial = self._match_arguments_partial
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diff changeset
1839 selected_pattern = arg_strings_pattern[start_index:]
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diff changeset
1840 arg_counts = match_partial(positionals, selected_pattern)
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diff changeset
1841
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diff changeset
1842 # slice off the appropriate arg strings for each Positional
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diff changeset
1843 # and add the Positional and its args to the list
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diff changeset
1844 for action, arg_count in zip(positionals, arg_counts):
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diff changeset
1845 args = arg_strings[start_index: start_index + arg_count]
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diff changeset
1846 start_index += arg_count
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diff changeset
1847 take_action(action, args)
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diff changeset
1848
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diff changeset
1849 # slice off the Positionals that we just parsed and return the
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diff changeset
1850 # index at which the Positionals' string args stopped
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diff changeset
1851 positionals[:] = positionals[len(arg_counts):]
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diff changeset
1852 return start_index
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diff changeset
1853
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diff changeset
1854 # consume Positionals and Optionals alternately, until we have
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diff changeset
1855 # passed the last option string
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diff changeset
1856 extras = []
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diff changeset
1857 start_index = 0
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diff changeset
1858 if option_string_indices:
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diff changeset
1859 max_option_string_index = max(option_string_indices)
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diff changeset
1860 else:
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diff changeset
1861 max_option_string_index = -1
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diff changeset
1862 while start_index <= max_option_string_index:
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diff changeset
1863
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diff changeset
1864 # consume any Positionals preceding the next option
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diff changeset
1865 next_option_string_index = min([
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diff changeset
1866 index
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diff changeset
1867 for index in option_string_indices
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diff changeset
1868 if index >= start_index])
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diff changeset
1869 if start_index != next_option_string_index:
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diff changeset
1870 positionals_end_index = consume_positionals(start_index)
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diff changeset
1871
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diff changeset
1872 # only try to parse the next optional if we didn't consume
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diff changeset
1873 # the option string during the positionals parsing
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diff changeset
1874 if positionals_end_index > start_index:
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diff changeset
1875 start_index = positionals_end_index
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diff changeset
1876 continue
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diff changeset
1877 else:
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diff changeset
1878 start_index = positionals_end_index
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diff changeset
1879
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diff changeset
1880 # if we consumed all the positionals we could and we're not
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diff changeset
1881 # at the index of an option string, there were extra arguments
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diff changeset
1882 if start_index not in option_string_indices:
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diff changeset
1883 strings = arg_strings[start_index:next_option_string_index]
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diff changeset
1884 extras.extend(strings)
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diff changeset
1885 start_index = next_option_string_index
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diff changeset
1886
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diff changeset
1887 # consume the next optional and any arguments for it
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diff changeset
1888 start_index = consume_optional(start_index)
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diff changeset
1889
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diff changeset
1890 # consume any positionals following the last Optional
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diff changeset
1891 stop_index = consume_positionals(start_index)
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diff changeset
1892
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diff changeset
1893 # if we didn't consume all the argument strings, there were extras
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diff changeset
1894 extras.extend(arg_strings[stop_index:])
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diff changeset
1895
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diff changeset
1896 # if we didn't use all the Positional objects, there were too few
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diff changeset
1897 # arg strings supplied.
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diff changeset
1898 if positionals:
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diff changeset
1899 self.error(_('too few arguments'))
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diff changeset
1900
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diff changeset
1901 # make sure all required actions were present
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diff changeset
1902 for action in self._actions:
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diff changeset
1903 if action.required:
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diff changeset
1904 if action not in seen_actions:
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diff changeset
1905 name = _get_action_name(action)
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diff changeset
1906 self.error(_('argument %s is required') % name)
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diff changeset
1907
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diff changeset
1908 # make sure all required groups had one option present
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diff changeset
1909 for group in self._mutually_exclusive_groups:
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diff changeset
1910 if group.required:
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diff changeset
1911 for action in group._group_actions:
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diff changeset
1912 if action in seen_non_default_actions:
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diff changeset
1913 break
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diff changeset
1914
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diff changeset
1915 # if no actions were used, report the error
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diff changeset
1916 else:
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diff changeset
1917 names = [_get_action_name(action)
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diff changeset
1918 for action in group._group_actions
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diff changeset
1919 if action.help is not SUPPRESS]
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diff changeset
1920 msg = _('one of the arguments %s is required')
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diff changeset
1921 self.error(msg % ' '.join(names))
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diff changeset
1922
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diff changeset
1923 # return the updated namespace and the extra arguments
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diff changeset
1924 return namespace, extras
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diff changeset
1925
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diff changeset
1926 def _read_args_from_files(self, arg_strings):
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diff changeset
1927 # expand arguments referencing files
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diff changeset
1928 new_arg_strings = []
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diff changeset
1929 for arg_string in arg_strings:
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diff changeset
1930
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1931 # for regular arguments, just add them back into the list
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1932 if arg_string[0] not in self.fromfile_prefix_chars:
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1933 new_arg_strings.append(arg_string)
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1934
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1935 # replace arguments referencing files with the file content
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1936 else:
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1937 try:
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1938 args_file = open(arg_string[1:])
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1939 try:
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1940 arg_strings = []
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1941 for arg_line in args_file.read().splitlines():
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1942 for arg in self.convert_arg_line_to_args(arg_line):
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1943 arg_strings.append(arg)
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1944 arg_strings = self._read_args_from_files(arg_strings)
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1945 new_arg_strings.extend(arg_strings)
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1946 finally:
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1947 args_file.close()
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1948 except IOError:
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1949 err = _sys.exc_info()[1]
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1950 self.error(str(err))
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1951
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1952 # return the modified argument list
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1953 return new_arg_strings
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1954
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1955 def convert_arg_line_to_args(self, arg_line):
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1956 return [arg_line]
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1957
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1958 def _match_argument(self, action, arg_strings_pattern):
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1959 # match the pattern for this action to the arg strings
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1960 nargs_pattern = self._get_nargs_pattern(action)
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1961 match = _re.match(nargs_pattern, arg_strings_pattern)
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1962
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1963 # raise an exception if we weren't able to find a match
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1964 if match is None:
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1965 nargs_errors = {
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1966 None: _('expected one argument'),
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1967 OPTIONAL: _('expected at most one argument'),
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1968 ONE_OR_MORE: _('expected at least one argument'),
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1969 }
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1970 default = _('expected %s argument(s)') % action.nargs
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1971 msg = nargs_errors.get(action.nargs, default)
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1972 raise ArgumentError(action, msg)
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1973
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1974 # return the number of arguments matched
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1975 return len(match.group(1))
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1976
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1977 def _match_arguments_partial(self, actions, arg_strings_pattern):
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1978 # progressively shorten the actions list by slicing off the
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1979 # final actions until we find a match
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1980 result = []
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1981 for i in range(len(actions), 0, -1):
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1982 actions_slice = actions[:i]
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1983 pattern = ''.join([self._get_nargs_pattern(action)
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1984 for action in actions_slice])
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1985 match = _re.match(pattern, arg_strings_pattern)
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1986 if match is not None:
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1987 result.extend([len(string) for string in match.groups()])
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1988 break
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1989
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1990 # return the list of arg string counts
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1991 return result
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1992
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1993 def _parse_optional(self, arg_string):
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1994 # if it's an empty string, it was meant to be a positional
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1995 if not arg_string:
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1996 return None
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1997
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1998 # if it doesn't start with a prefix, it was meant to be positional
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1999 if not arg_string[0] in self.prefix_chars:
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2000 return None
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2001
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2002 # if the option string is present in the parser, return the action
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2003 if arg_string in self._option_string_actions:
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2004 action = self._option_string_actions[arg_string]
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2005 return action, arg_string, None
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2006
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diff changeset
2007 # if it's just a single character, it was meant to be positional
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2008 if len(arg_string) == 1:
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2009 return None
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diff changeset
2010
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diff changeset
2011 # if the option string before the "=" is present, return the action
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diff changeset
2012 if '=' in arg_string:
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diff changeset
2013 option_string, explicit_arg = arg_string.split('=', 1)
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diff changeset
2014 if option_string in self._option_string_actions:
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diff changeset
2015 action = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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2016 return action, option_string, explicit_arg
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2017
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diff changeset
2018 # search through all possible prefixes of the option string
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2019 # and all actions in the parser for possible interpretations
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2020 option_tuples = self._get_option_tuples(arg_string)
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2021
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2022 # if multiple actions match, the option string was ambiguous
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2023 if len(option_tuples) > 1:
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diff changeset
2024 options = ', '.join([option_string
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diff changeset
2025 for action, option_string, explicit_arg in option_tuples])
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diff changeset
2026 tup = arg_string, options
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diff changeset
2027 self.error(_('ambiguous option: %s could match %s') % tup)
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diff changeset
2028
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diff changeset
2029 # if exactly one action matched, this segmentation is good,
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diff changeset
2030 # so return the parsed action
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diff changeset
2031 elif len(option_tuples) == 1:
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diff changeset
2032 option_tuple, = option_tuples
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diff changeset
2033 return option_tuple
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diff changeset
2034
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diff changeset
2035 # if it was not found as an option, but it looks like a negative
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diff changeset
2036 # number, it was meant to be positional
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diff changeset
2037 # unless there are negative-number-like options
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diff changeset
2038 if self._negative_number_matcher.match(arg_string):
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diff changeset
2039 if not self._has_negative_number_optionals:
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diff changeset
2040 return None
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diff changeset
2041
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diff changeset
2042 # if it contains a space, it was meant to be a positional
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diff changeset
2043 if ' ' in arg_string:
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diff changeset
2044 return None
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diff changeset
2045
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diff changeset
2046 # it was meant to be an optional but there is no such option
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diff changeset
2047 # in this parser (though it might be a valid option in a subparser)
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diff changeset
2048 return None, arg_string, None
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diff changeset
2049
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diff changeset
2050 def _get_option_tuples(self, option_string):
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diff changeset
2051 result = []
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diff changeset
2052
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2053 # option strings starting with two prefix characters are only
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diff changeset
2054 # split at the '='
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diff changeset
2055 chars = self.prefix_chars
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diff changeset
2056 if option_string[0] in chars and option_string[1] in chars:
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diff changeset
2057 if '=' in option_string:
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diff changeset
2058 option_prefix, explicit_arg = option_string.split('=', 1)
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diff changeset
2059 else:
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2060 option_prefix = option_string
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2061 explicit_arg = None
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2062 for option_string in self._option_string_actions:
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diff changeset
2063 if option_string.startswith(option_prefix):
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diff changeset
2064 action = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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diff changeset
2065 tup = action, option_string, explicit_arg
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diff changeset
2066 result.append(tup)
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diff changeset
2067
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diff changeset
2068 # single character options can be concatenated with their arguments
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diff changeset
2069 # but multiple character options always have to have their argument
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diff changeset
2070 # separate
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diff changeset
2071 elif option_string[0] in chars and option_string[1] not in chars:
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diff changeset
2072 option_prefix = option_string
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diff changeset
2073 explicit_arg = None
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diff changeset
2074 short_option_prefix = option_string[:2]
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diff changeset
2075 short_explicit_arg = option_string[2:]
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diff changeset
2076
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diff changeset
2077 for option_string in self._option_string_actions:
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diff changeset
2078 if option_string == short_option_prefix:
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diff changeset
2079 action = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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diff changeset
2080 tup = action, option_string, short_explicit_arg
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diff changeset
2081 result.append(tup)
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diff changeset
2082 elif option_string.startswith(option_prefix):
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diff changeset
2083 action = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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diff changeset
2084 tup = action, option_string, explicit_arg
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diff changeset
2085 result.append(tup)
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diff changeset
2086
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diff changeset
2087 # shouldn't ever get here
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diff changeset
2088 else:
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diff changeset
2089 self.error(_('unexpected option string: %s') % option_string)
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diff changeset
2090
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diff changeset
2091 # return the collected option tuples
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diff changeset
2092 return result
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diff changeset
2093
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diff changeset
2094 def _get_nargs_pattern(self, action):
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diff changeset
2095 # in all examples below, we have to allow for '--' args
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diff changeset
2096 # which are represented as '-' in the pattern
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diff changeset
2097 nargs = action.nargs
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diff changeset
2098
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diff changeset
2099 # the default (None) is assumed to be a single argument
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diff changeset
2100 if nargs is None:
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diff changeset
2101 nargs_pattern = '(-*A-*)'
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diff changeset
2102
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diff changeset
2103 # allow zero or one arguments
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diff changeset
2104 elif nargs == OPTIONAL:
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diff changeset
2105 nargs_pattern = '(-*A?-*)'
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diff changeset
2106
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diff changeset
2107 # allow zero or more arguments
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diff changeset
2108 elif nargs == ZERO_OR_MORE:
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diff changeset
2109 nargs_pattern = '(-*[A-]*)'
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2110
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diff changeset
2111 # allow one or more arguments
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diff changeset
2112 elif nargs == ONE_OR_MORE:
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diff changeset
2113 nargs_pattern = '(-*A[A-]*)'
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diff changeset
2114
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diff changeset
2115 # allow any number of options or arguments
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diff changeset
2116 elif nargs == REMAINDER:
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diff changeset
2117 nargs_pattern = '([-AO]*)'
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diff changeset
2118
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diff changeset
2119 # allow one argument followed by any number of options or arguments
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diff changeset
2120 elif nargs == PARSER:
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diff changeset
2121 nargs_pattern = '(-*A[-AO]*)'
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diff changeset
2122
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diff changeset
2123 # all others should be integers
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diff changeset
2124 else:
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diff changeset
2125 nargs_pattern = '(-*%s-*)' % '-*'.join('A' * nargs)
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diff changeset
2126
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diff changeset
2127 # if this is an optional action, -- is not allowed
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diff changeset
2128 if action.option_strings:
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diff changeset
2129 nargs_pattern = nargs_pattern.replace('-*', '')
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diff changeset
2130 nargs_pattern = nargs_pattern.replace('-', '')
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diff changeset
2131
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diff changeset
2132 # return the pattern
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diff changeset
2133 return nargs_pattern
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diff changeset
2134
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diff changeset
2135 # ========================
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diff changeset
2136 # Value conversion methods
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diff changeset
2137 # ========================
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diff changeset
2138 def _get_values(self, action, arg_strings):
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diff changeset
2139 # for everything but PARSER args, strip out '--'
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diff changeset
2140 if action.nargs not in [PARSER, REMAINDER]:
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diff changeset
2141 arg_strings = [s for s in arg_strings if s != '--']
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diff changeset
2142
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diff changeset
2143 # optional argument produces a default when not present
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diff changeset
2144 if not arg_strings and action.nargs == OPTIONAL:
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diff changeset
2145 if action.option_strings:
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diff changeset
2146 value = action.const
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diff changeset
2147 else:
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diff changeset
2148 value = action.default
59282
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diff changeset
2149 if isinstance(value, str):
59275
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diff changeset
2150 value = self._get_value(action, value)
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diff changeset
2151 self._check_value(action, value)
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diff changeset
2152
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diff changeset
2153 # when nargs='*' on a positional, if there were no command-line
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diff changeset
2154 # args, use the default if it is anything other than None
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diff changeset
2155 elif (not arg_strings and action.nargs == ZERO_OR_MORE and
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diff changeset
2156 not action.option_strings):
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diff changeset
2157 if action.default is not None:
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diff changeset
2158 value = action.default
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diff changeset
2159 else:
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diff changeset
2160 value = arg_strings
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diff changeset
2161 self._check_value(action, value)
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diff changeset
2162
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diff changeset
2163 # single argument or optional argument produces a single value
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diff changeset
2164 elif len(arg_strings) == 1 and action.nargs in [None, OPTIONAL]:
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diff changeset
2165 arg_string, = arg_strings
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diff changeset
2166 value = self._get_value(action, arg_string)
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diff changeset
2167 self._check_value(action, value)
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diff changeset
2168
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diff changeset
2169 # REMAINDER arguments convert all values, checking none
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diff changeset
2170 elif action.nargs == REMAINDER:
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diff changeset
2171 value = [self._get_value(action, v) for v in arg_strings]
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diff changeset
2172
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diff changeset
2173 # PARSER arguments convert all values, but check only the first
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diff changeset
2174 elif action.nargs == PARSER:
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diff changeset
2175 value = [self._get_value(action, v) for v in arg_strings]
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diff changeset
2176 self._check_value(action, value[0])
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diff changeset
2177
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diff changeset
2178 # all other types of nargs produce a list
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diff changeset
2179 else:
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diff changeset
2180 value = [self._get_value(action, v) for v in arg_strings]
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diff changeset
2181 for v in value:
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diff changeset
2182 self._check_value(action, v)
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diff changeset
2183
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diff changeset
2184 # return the converted value
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diff changeset
2185 return value
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diff changeset
2186
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diff changeset
2187 def _get_value(self, action, arg_string):
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diff changeset
2188 type_func = self._registry_get('type', action.type, action.type)
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diff changeset
2189 if not _callable(type_func):
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diff changeset
2190 msg = _('%r is not callable')
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diff changeset
2191 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % type_func)
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diff changeset
2192
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diff changeset
2193 # convert the value to the appropriate type
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diff changeset
2194 try:
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diff changeset
2195 result = type_func(arg_string)
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diff changeset
2196
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diff changeset
2197 # ArgumentTypeErrors indicate errors
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diff changeset
2198 except ArgumentTypeError:
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diff changeset
2199 name = getattr(action.type, '__name__', repr(action.type))
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diff changeset
2200 msg = str(_sys.exc_info()[1])
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diff changeset
2201 raise ArgumentError(action, msg)
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2202
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2203 # TypeErrors or ValueErrors also indicate errors
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2204 except (TypeError, ValueError):
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2205 name = getattr(action.type, '__name__', repr(action.type))
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2206 msg = _('invalid %s value: %r')
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2207 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % (name, arg_string))
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2208
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2209 # return the converted value
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2210 return result
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2211
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2212 def _check_value(self, action, value):
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2213 # converted value must be one of the choices (if specified)
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2214 if action.choices is not None and value not in action.choices:
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2215 tup = value, ', '.join(map(repr, action.choices))
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2216 msg = _('invalid choice: %r (choose from %s)') % tup
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2217 raise ArgumentError(action, msg)
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2218
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2219 # =======================
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2220 # Help-formatting methods
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2221 # =======================
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2222 def format_usage(self):
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2223 formatter = self._get_formatter()
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2224 formatter.add_usage(self.usage, self._actions,
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2225 self._mutually_exclusive_groups)
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2226 return formatter.format_help()
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2227
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2228 def format_help(self):
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2229 formatter = self._get_formatter()
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2230
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2231 # usage
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2232 formatter.add_usage(self.usage, self._actions,
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2233 self._mutually_exclusive_groups)
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2234
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2235 # description
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2236 formatter.add_text(self.description)
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2237
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2238 # positionals, optionals and user-defined groups
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2239 for action_group in self._action_groups:
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2240 formatter.start_section(action_group.title)
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2241 formatter.add_text(action_group.description)
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2242 formatter.add_arguments(action_group._group_actions)
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2243 formatter.end_section()
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2244
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2245 # epilog
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2246 formatter.add_text(self.epilog)
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2247
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2248 # determine help from format above
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2249 return formatter.format_help()
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2250
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2251 def format_version(self):
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2252 import warnings
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2253 warnings.warn(
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2254 'The format_version method is deprecated -- the "version" '
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2255 'argument to ArgumentParser is no longer supported.',
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2256 DeprecationWarning)
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2257 formatter = self._get_formatter()
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2258 formatter.add_text(self.version)
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2259 return formatter.format_help()
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2260
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2261 def _get_formatter(self):
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2262 return self.formatter_class(prog=self.prog)
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2263
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2264 # =====================
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2265 # Help-printing methods
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2266 # =====================
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2267 def print_usage(self, file=None):
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2268 if file is None:
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2269 file = _sys.stdout
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2270 self._print_message(self.format_usage(), file)
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2271
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2272 def print_help(self, file=None):
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2273 if file is None:
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2274 file = _sys.stdout
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2275 self._print_message(self.format_help(), file)
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2276
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2277 def print_version(self, file=None):
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2278 import warnings
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2279 warnings.warn(
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2280 'The print_version method is deprecated -- the "version" '
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2281 'argument to ArgumentParser is no longer supported.',
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2282 DeprecationWarning)
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2283 self._print_message(self.format_version(), file)
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2284
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2285 def _print_message(self, message, file=None):
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2286 if message:
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2287 if file is None:
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2288 file = _sys.stderr
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2289 file.write(message)
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2290
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2291 # ===============
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2292 # Exiting methods
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2293 # ===============
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2294 def exit(self, status=0, message=None):
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2295 if message:
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2296 self._print_message(message, _sys.stderr)
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2297 _sys.exit(status)
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2298
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2299 def error(self, message):
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2300 """error(message: string)
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2301
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2302 Prints a usage message incorporating the message to stderr and
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2303 exits.
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2304
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2305 If you override this in a subclass, it should not return -- it
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2306 should either exit or raise an exception.
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2307 """
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2308 self.print_usage(_sys.stderr)
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2309 self.exit(2, _('%s: error: %s\n') % (self.prog, message))