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annotate Lib/argparse.py @ 65989:458b05abf987

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author Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
date Fri, 05 Nov 2010 20:26:59 +0000
parents ff6f39b3c38e
children 83ad00a3a489
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1 # Author: Steven J. Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>.
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2
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3 """Command-line parsing library
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4
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5 This module is an optparse-inspired command-line parsing library that:
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6
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7 - handles both optional and positional arguments
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8 - produces highly informative usage messages
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9 - supports parsers that dispatch to sub-parsers
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10
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11 The following is a simple usage example that sums integers from the
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12 command-line and writes the result to a file::
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13
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14 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
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15 description='sum the integers at the command line')
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16 parser.add_argument(
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17 'integers', metavar='int', nargs='+', type=int,
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18 help='an integer to be summed')
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19 parser.add_argument(
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20 '--log', default=sys.stdout, type=argparse.FileType('w'),
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21 help='the file where the sum should be written')
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22 args = parser.parse_args()
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23 args.log.write('%s' % sum(args.integers))
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24 args.log.close()
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25
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26 The module contains the following public classes:
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27
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28 - ArgumentParser -- The main entry point for command-line parsing. As the
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29 example above shows, the add_argument() method is used to populate
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30 the parser with actions for optional and positional arguments. Then
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31 the parse_args() method is invoked to convert the args at the
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32 command-line into an object with attributes.
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33
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34 - ArgumentError -- The exception raised by ArgumentParser objects when
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35 there are errors with the parser's actions. Errors raised while
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36 parsing the command-line are caught by ArgumentParser and emitted
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37 as command-line messages.
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38
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39 - FileType -- A factory for defining types of files to be created. As the
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40 example above shows, instances of FileType are typically passed as
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41 the type= argument of add_argument() calls.
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42
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43 - Action -- The base class for parser actions. Typically actions are
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44 selected by passing strings like 'store_true' or 'append_const' to
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45 the action= argument of add_argument(). However, for greater
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46 customization of ArgumentParser actions, subclasses of Action may
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47 be defined and passed as the action= argument.
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48
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49 - HelpFormatter, RawDescriptionHelpFormatter, RawTextHelpFormatter,
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50 ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter -- Formatter classes which
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51 may be passed as the formatter_class= argument to the
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52 ArgumentParser constructor. HelpFormatter is the default,
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53 RawDescriptionHelpFormatter and RawTextHelpFormatter tell the parser
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54 not to change the formatting for help text, and
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55 ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter adds information about argument defaults
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56 to the help.
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57
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58 All other classes in this module are considered implementation details.
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59 (Also note that HelpFormatter and RawDescriptionHelpFormatter are only
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60 considered public as object names -- the API of the formatter objects is
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61 still considered an implementation detail.)
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62 """
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63
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64 __version__ = '1.1'
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65 __all__ = [
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66 'ArgumentParser',
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67 'ArgumentError',
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68 'ArgumentTypeError',
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69 'FileType',
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70 'HelpFormatter',
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71 'ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter',
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72 'RawDescriptionHelpFormatter',
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73 'RawTextHelpFormatter',
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74 'Namespace',
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75 'Action',
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76 'ONE_OR_MORE',
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77 'OPTIONAL',
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78 'PARSER',
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79 'REMAINDER',
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80 'SUPPRESS',
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81 'ZERO_OR_MORE',
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82 ]
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83
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84
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85 import copy as _copy
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86 import os as _os
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87 import re as _re
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88 import sys as _sys
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89 import textwrap as _textwrap
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90
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91 from gettext import gettext as _
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93
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94 def _callable(obj):
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95 return hasattr(obj, '__call__') or hasattr(obj, '__bases__')
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97
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98 SUPPRESS = '==SUPPRESS=='
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99
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100 OPTIONAL = '?'
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101 ZERO_OR_MORE = '*'
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102 ONE_OR_MORE = '+'
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103 PARSER = 'A...'
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104 REMAINDER = '...'
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105 _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR = '_unrecognized_args'
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106
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107 # =============================
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108 # Utility functions and classes
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109 # =============================
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110
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111 class _AttributeHolder(object):
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112 """Abstract base class that provides __repr__.
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113
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114 The __repr__ method returns a string in the format::
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115 ClassName(attr=name, attr=name, ...)
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116 The attributes are determined either by a class-level attribute,
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117 '_kwarg_names', or by inspecting the instance __dict__.
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118 """
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119
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120 def __repr__(self):
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121 type_name = type(self).__name__
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122 arg_strings = []
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123 for arg in self._get_args():
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124 arg_strings.append(repr(arg))
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125 for name, value in self._get_kwargs():
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126 arg_strings.append('%s=%r' % (name, value))
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127 return '%s(%s)' % (type_name, ', '.join(arg_strings))
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128
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129 def _get_kwargs(self):
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130 return sorted(self.__dict__.items())
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131
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132 def _get_args(self):
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133 return []
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134
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135
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136 def _ensure_value(namespace, name, value):
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137 if getattr(namespace, name, None) is None:
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138 setattr(namespace, name, value)
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139 return getattr(namespace, name)
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140
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141
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142 # ===============
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143 # Formatting Help
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144 # ===============
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145
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146 class HelpFormatter(object):
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147 """Formatter for generating usage messages and argument help strings.
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148
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149 Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
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150 provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
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151 """
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152
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153 def __init__(self,
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154 prog,
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155 indent_increment=2,
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156 max_help_position=24,
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157 width=None):
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158
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159 # default setting for width
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160 if width is None:
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161 try:
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162 width = int(_os.environ['COLUMNS'])
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163 except (KeyError, ValueError):
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164 width = 80
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165 width -= 2
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166
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167 self._prog = prog
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168 self._indent_increment = indent_increment
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169 self._max_help_position = max_help_position
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170 self._width = width
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171
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172 self._current_indent = 0
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173 self._level = 0
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174 self._action_max_length = 0
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175
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176 self._root_section = self._Section(self, None)
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177 self._current_section = self._root_section
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178
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179 self._whitespace_matcher = _re.compile(r'\s+')
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180 self._long_break_matcher = _re.compile(r'\n\n\n+')
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181
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182 # ===============================
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183 # Section and indentation methods
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184 # ===============================
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185 def _indent(self):
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186 self._current_indent += self._indent_increment
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187 self._level += 1
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188
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189 def _dedent(self):
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190 self._current_indent -= self._indent_increment
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191 assert self._current_indent >= 0, 'Indent decreased below 0.'
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192 self._level -= 1
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193
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194 class _Section(object):
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195
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196 def __init__(self, formatter, parent, heading=None):
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197 self.formatter = formatter
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198 self.parent = parent
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199 self.heading = heading
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200 self.items = []
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201
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202 def format_help(self):
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203 # format the indented section
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204 if self.parent is not None:
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205 self.formatter._indent()
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206 join = self.formatter._join_parts
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207 for func, args in self.items:
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208 func(*args)
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209 item_help = join([func(*args) for func, args in self.items])
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210 if self.parent is not None:
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211 self.formatter._dedent()
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212
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213 # return nothing if the section was empty
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214 if not item_help:
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215 return ''
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216
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217 # add the heading if the section was non-empty
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218 if self.heading is not SUPPRESS and self.heading is not None:
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219 current_indent = self.formatter._current_indent
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220 heading = '%*s%s:\n' % (current_indent, '', self.heading)
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221 else:
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222 heading = ''
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223
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224 # join the section-initial newline, the heading and the help
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225 return join(['\n', heading, item_help, '\n'])
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226
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227 def _add_item(self, func, args):
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228 self._current_section.items.append((func, args))
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229
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230 # ========================
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231 # Message building methods
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232 # ========================
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233 def start_section(self, heading):
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234 self._indent()
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235 section = self._Section(self, self._current_section, heading)
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236 self._add_item(section.format_help, [])
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237 self._current_section = section
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238
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239 def end_section(self):
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240 self._current_section = self._current_section.parent
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241 self._dedent()
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242
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243 def add_text(self, text):
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244 if text is not SUPPRESS and text is not None:
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245 self._add_item(self._format_text, [text])
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246
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247 def add_usage(self, usage, actions, groups, prefix=None):
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248 if usage is not SUPPRESS:
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249 args = usage, actions, groups, prefix
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250 self._add_item(self._format_usage, args)
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251
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252 def add_argument(self, action):
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253 if action.help is not SUPPRESS:
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254
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255 # find all invocations
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256 get_invocation = self._format_action_invocation
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257 invocations = [get_invocation(action)]
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258 for subaction in self._iter_indented_subactions(action):
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259 invocations.append(get_invocation(subaction))
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260
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261 # update the maximum item length
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262 invocation_length = max([len(s) for s in invocations])
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263 action_length = invocation_length + self._current_indent
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264 self._action_max_length = max(self._action_max_length,
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265 action_length)
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266
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267 # add the item to the list
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268 self._add_item(self._format_action, [action])
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269
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270 def add_arguments(self, actions):
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271 for action in actions:
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272 self.add_argument(action)
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273
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274 # =======================
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275 # Help-formatting methods
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276 # =======================
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277 def format_help(self):
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278 help = self._root_section.format_help()
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279 if help:
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280 help = self._long_break_matcher.sub('\n\n', help)
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281 help = help.strip('\n') + '\n'
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282 return help
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283
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284 def _join_parts(self, part_strings):
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285 return ''.join([part
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286 for part in part_strings
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287 if part and part is not SUPPRESS])
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288
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289 def _format_usage(self, usage, actions, groups, prefix):
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290 if prefix is None:
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291 prefix = _('usage: ')
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292
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293 # if usage is specified, use that
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294 if usage is not None:
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295 usage = usage % dict(prog=self._prog)
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296
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297 # if no optionals or positionals are available, usage is just prog
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298 elif usage is None and not actions:
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299 usage = '%(prog)s' % dict(prog=self._prog)
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300
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301 # if optionals and positionals are available, calculate usage
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302 elif usage is None:
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303 prog = '%(prog)s' % dict(prog=self._prog)
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304
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305 # split optionals from positionals
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306 optionals = []
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307 positionals = []
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308 for action in actions:
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309 if action.option_strings:
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310 optionals.append(action)
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311 else:
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312 positionals.append(action)
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313
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314 # build full usage string
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315 format = self._format_actions_usage
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316 action_usage = format(optionals + positionals, groups)
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317 usage = ' '.join([s for s in [prog, action_usage] if s])
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318
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319 # wrap the usage parts if it's too long
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320 text_width = self._width - self._current_indent
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321 if len(prefix) + len(usage) > text_width:
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322
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323 # break usage into wrappable parts
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324 part_regexp = r'\(.*?\)+|\[.*?\]+|\S+'
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325 opt_usage = format(optionals, groups)
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326 pos_usage = format(positionals, groups)
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327 opt_parts = _re.findall(part_regexp, opt_usage)
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328 pos_parts = _re.findall(part_regexp, pos_usage)
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329 assert ' '.join(opt_parts) == opt_usage
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330 assert ' '.join(pos_parts) == pos_usage
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331
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332 # helper for wrapping lines
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333 def get_lines(parts, indent, prefix=None):
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334 lines = []
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335 line = []
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336 if prefix is not None:
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337 line_len = len(prefix) - 1
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338 else:
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339 line_len = len(indent) - 1
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340 for part in parts:
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341 if line_len + 1 + len(part) > text_width:
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342 lines.append(indent + ' '.join(line))
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343 line = []
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344 line_len = len(indent) - 1
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345 line.append(part)
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346 line_len += len(part) + 1
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347 if line:
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348 lines.append(indent + ' '.join(line))
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349 if prefix is not None:
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350 lines[0] = lines[0][len(indent):]
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351 return lines
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352
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353 # if prog is short, follow it with optionals or positionals
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354 if len(prefix) + len(prog) <= 0.75 * text_width:
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355 indent = ' ' * (len(prefix) + len(prog) + 1)
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356 if opt_parts:
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357 lines = get_lines([prog] + opt_parts, indent, prefix)
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358 lines.extend(get_lines(pos_parts, indent))
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359 elif pos_parts:
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360 lines = get_lines([prog] + pos_parts, indent, prefix)
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361 else:
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362 lines = [prog]
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363
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364 # if prog is long, put it on its own line
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365 else:
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366 indent = ' ' * len(prefix)
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367 parts = opt_parts + pos_parts
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368 lines = get_lines(parts, indent)
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369 if len(lines) > 1:
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370 lines = []
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371 lines.extend(get_lines(opt_parts, indent))
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372 lines.extend(get_lines(pos_parts, indent))
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373 lines = [prog] + lines
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374
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375 # join lines into usage
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376 usage = '\n'.join(lines)
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377
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378 # prefix with 'usage:'
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379 return '%s%s\n\n' % (prefix, usage)
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380
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381 def _format_actions_usage(self, actions, groups):
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382 # find group indices and identify actions in groups
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383 group_actions = set()
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384 inserts = {}
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385 for group in groups:
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386 try:
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387 start = actions.index(group._group_actions[0])
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388 except ValueError:
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389 continue
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390 else:
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391 end = start + len(group._group_actions)
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392 if actions[start:end] == group._group_actions:
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393 for action in group._group_actions:
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394 group_actions.add(action)
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395 if not group.required:
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396 if start in inserts:
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397 inserts[start] += ' ['
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398 else:
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399 inserts[start] = '['
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400 inserts[end] = ']'
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401 else:
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402 if start in inserts:
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403 inserts[start] += ' ('
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404 else:
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405 inserts[start] = '('
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406 inserts[end] = ')'
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407 for i in range(start + 1, end):
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408 inserts[i] = '|'
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409
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410 # collect all actions format strings
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411 parts = []
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412 for i, action in enumerate(actions):
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413
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414 # suppressed arguments are marked with None
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415 # remove | separators for suppressed arguments
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416 if action.help is SUPPRESS:
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417 parts.append(None)
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418 if inserts.get(i) == '|':
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419 inserts.pop(i)
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420 elif inserts.get(i + 1) == '|':
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421 inserts.pop(i + 1)
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422
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423 # produce all arg strings
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424 elif not action.option_strings:
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425 part = self._format_args(action, action.dest)
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426
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427 # if it's in a group, strip the outer []
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428 if action in group_actions:
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429 if part[0] == '[' and part[-1] == ']':
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430 part = part[1:-1]
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431
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432 # add the action string to the list
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433 parts.append(part)
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434
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435 # produce the first way to invoke the option in brackets
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436 else:
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437 option_string = action.option_strings[0]
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438
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439 # if the Optional doesn't take a value, format is:
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440 # -s or --long
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441 if action.nargs == 0:
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442 part = '%s' % option_string
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443
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444 # if the Optional takes a value, format is:
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445 # -s ARGS or --long ARGS
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446 else:
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447 default = action.dest.upper()
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448 args_string = self._format_args(action, default)
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449 part = '%s %s' % (option_string, args_string)
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450
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451 # make it look optional if it's not required or in a group
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452 if not action.required and action not in group_actions:
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453 part = '[%s]' % part
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454
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455 # add the action string to the list
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456 parts.append(part)
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457
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458 # insert things at the necessary indices
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459 for i in sorted(inserts, reverse=True):
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460 parts[i:i] = [inserts[i]]
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461
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462 # join all the action items with spaces
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463 text = ' '.join([item for item in parts if item is not None])
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464
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465 # clean up separators for mutually exclusive groups
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466 open = r'[\[(]'
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467 close = r'[\])]'
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468 text = _re.sub(r'(%s) ' % open, r'\1', text)
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469 text = _re.sub(r' (%s)' % close, r'\1', text)
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470 text = _re.sub(r'%s *%s' % (open, close), r'', text)
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471 text = _re.sub(r'\(([^|]*)\)', r'\1', text)
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472 text = text.strip()
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473
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474 # return the text
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475 return text
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476
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477 def _format_text(self, text):
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478 if '%(prog)' in text:
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479 text = text % dict(prog=self._prog)
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480 text_width = self._width - self._current_indent
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481 indent = ' ' * self._current_indent
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482 return self._fill_text(text, text_width, indent) + '\n\n'
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483
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484 def _format_action(self, action):
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485 # determine the required width and the entry label
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486 help_position = min(self._action_max_length + 2,
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487 self._max_help_position)
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488 help_width = self._width - help_position
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489 action_width = help_position - self._current_indent - 2
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490 action_header = self._format_action_invocation(action)
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491
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492 # ho nelp; start on same line and add a final newline
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493 if not action.help:
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494 tup = self._current_indent, '', action_header
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495 action_header = '%*s%s\n' % tup
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496
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497 # short action name; start on the same line and pad two spaces
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498 elif len(action_header) <= action_width:
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499 tup = self._current_indent, '', action_width, action_header
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500 action_header = '%*s%-*s ' % tup
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501 indent_first = 0
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502
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503 # long action name; start on the next line
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504 else:
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505 tup = self._current_indent, '', action_header
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506 action_header = '%*s%s\n' % tup
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507 indent_first = help_position
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508
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509 # collect the pieces of the action help
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510 parts = [action_header]
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511
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512 # if there was help for the action, add lines of help text
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513 if action.help:
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514 help_text = self._expand_help(action)
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515 help_lines = self._split_lines(help_text, help_width)
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516 parts.append('%*s%s\n' % (indent_first, '', help_lines[0]))
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517 for line in help_lines[1:]:
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518 parts.append('%*s%s\n' % (help_position, '', line))
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519
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520 # or add a newline if the description doesn't end with one
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521 elif not action_header.endswith('\n'):
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522 parts.append('\n')
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523
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524 # if there are any sub-actions, add their help as well
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525 for subaction in self._iter_indented_subactions(action):
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526 parts.append(self._format_action(subaction))
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527
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528 # return a single string
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529 return self._join_parts(parts)
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530
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531 def _format_action_invocation(self, action):
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532 if not action.option_strings:
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533 metavar, = self._metavar_formatter(action, action.dest)(1)
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534 return metavar
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535
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536 else:
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537 parts = []
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538
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539 # if the Optional doesn't take a value, format is:
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540 # -s, --long
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541 if action.nargs == 0:
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542 parts.extend(action.option_strings)
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543
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544 # if the Optional takes a value, format is:
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545 # -s ARGS, --long ARGS
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546 else:
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547 default = action.dest.upper()
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548 args_string = self._format_args(action, default)
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549 for option_string in action.option_strings:
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550 parts.append('%s %s' % (option_string, args_string))
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551
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552 return ', '.join(parts)
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553
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554 def _metavar_formatter(self, action, default_metavar):
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555 if action.metavar is not None:
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556 result = action.metavar
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557 elif action.choices is not None:
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558 choice_strs = [str(choice) for choice in action.choices]
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559 result = '{%s}' % ','.join(choice_strs)
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560 else:
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561 result = default_metavar
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562
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563 def format(tuple_size):
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564 if isinstance(result, tuple):
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565 return result
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566 else:
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567 return (result, ) * tuple_size
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568 return format
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569
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570 def _format_args(self, action, default_metavar):
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571 get_metavar = self._metavar_formatter(action, default_metavar)
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572 if action.nargs is None:
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573 result = '%s' % get_metavar(1)
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574 elif action.nargs == OPTIONAL:
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575 result = '[%s]' % get_metavar(1)
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576 elif action.nargs == ZERO_OR_MORE:
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577 result = '[%s [%s ...]]' % get_metavar(2)
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578 elif action.nargs == ONE_OR_MORE:
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579 result = '%s [%s ...]' % get_metavar(2)
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580 elif action.nargs == REMAINDER:
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581 result = '...'
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582 elif action.nargs == PARSER:
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583 result = '%s ...' % get_metavar(1)
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584 else:
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585 formats = ['%s' for _ in range(action.nargs)]
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586 result = ' '.join(formats) % get_metavar(action.nargs)
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587 return result
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588
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589 def _expand_help(self, action):
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590 params = dict(vars(action), prog=self._prog)
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591 for name in list(params):
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592 if params[name] is SUPPRESS:
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593 del params[name]
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594 for name in list(params):
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595 if hasattr(params[name], '__name__'):
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596 params[name] = params[name].__name__
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597 if params.get('choices') is not None:
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598 choices_str = ', '.join([str(c) for c in params['choices']])
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599 params['choices'] = choices_str
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600 return self._get_help_string(action) % params
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601
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diff changeset
602 def _iter_indented_subactions(self, action):
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603 try:
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604 get_subactions = action._get_subactions
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605 except AttributeError:
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606 pass
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607 else:
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608 self._indent()
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609 for subaction in get_subactions():
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610 yield subaction
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611 self._dedent()
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612
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613 def _split_lines(self, text, width):
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614 text = self._whitespace_matcher.sub(' ', text).strip()
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615 return _textwrap.wrap(text, width)
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616
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617 def _fill_text(self, text, width, indent):
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618 text = self._whitespace_matcher.sub(' ', text).strip()
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619 return _textwrap.fill(text, width, initial_indent=indent,
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620 subsequent_indent=indent)
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621
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622 def _get_help_string(self, action):
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623 return action.help
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624
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625
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626 class RawDescriptionHelpFormatter(HelpFormatter):
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627 """Help message formatter which retains any formatting in descriptions.
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628
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diff changeset
629 Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
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630 provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
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631 """
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632
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633 def _fill_text(self, text, width, indent):
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634 return ''.join([indent + line for line in text.splitlines(True)])
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635
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636
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637 class RawTextHelpFormatter(RawDescriptionHelpFormatter):
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638 """Help message formatter which retains formatting of all help text.
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639
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640 Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
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641 provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
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642 """
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643
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644 def _split_lines(self, text, width):
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645 return text.splitlines()
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646
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647
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648 class ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter(HelpFormatter):
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649 """Help message formatter which adds default values to argument help.
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650
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651 Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
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652 provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
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653 """
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654
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655 def _get_help_string(self, action):
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656 help = action.help
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657 if '%(default)' not in action.help:
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658 if action.default is not SUPPRESS:
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659 defaulting_nargs = [OPTIONAL, ZERO_OR_MORE]
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660 if action.option_strings or action.nargs in defaulting_nargs:
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661 help += ' (default: %(default)s)'
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662 return help
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663
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664
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665 # =====================
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666 # Options and Arguments
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667 # =====================
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668
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669 def _get_action_name(argument):
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670 if argument is None:
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671 return None
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672 elif argument.option_strings:
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673 return '/'.join(argument.option_strings)
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674 elif argument.metavar not in (None, SUPPRESS):
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675 return argument.metavar
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676 elif argument.dest not in (None, SUPPRESS):
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677 return argument.dest
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678 else:
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679 return None
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680
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681
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682 class ArgumentError(Exception):
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683 """An error from creating or using an argument (optional or positional).
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684
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685 The string value of this exception is the message, augmented with
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diff changeset
686 information about the argument that caused it.
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687 """
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688
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diff changeset
689 def __init__(self, argument, message):
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690 self.argument_name = _get_action_name(argument)
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691 self.message = message
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692
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693 def __str__(self):
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694 if self.argument_name is None:
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695 format = '%(message)s'
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696 else:
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697 format = 'argument %(argument_name)s: %(message)s'
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698 return format % dict(message=self.message,
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699 argument_name=self.argument_name)
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700
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701
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702 class ArgumentTypeError(Exception):
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703 """An error from trying to convert a command line string to a type."""
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704 pass
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705
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706
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707 # ==============
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708 # Action classes
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709 # ==============
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710
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711 class Action(_AttributeHolder):
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712 """Information about how to convert command line strings to Python objects.
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713
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714 Action objects are used by an ArgumentParser to represent the information
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715 needed to parse a single argument from one or more strings from the
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716 command line. The keyword arguments to the Action constructor are also
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717 all attributes of Action instances.
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718
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719 Keyword Arguments:
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720
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721 - option_strings -- A list of command-line option strings which
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722 should be associated with this action.
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723
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724 - dest -- The name of the attribute to hold the created object(s)
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725
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726 - nargs -- The number of command-line arguments that should be
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727 consumed. By default, one argument will be consumed and a single
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728 value will be produced. Other values include:
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729 - N (an integer) consumes N arguments (and produces a list)
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730 - '?' consumes zero or one arguments
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731 - '*' consumes zero or more arguments (and produces a list)
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732 - '+' consumes one or more arguments (and produces a list)
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733 Note that the difference between the default and nargs=1 is that
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734 with the default, a single value will be produced, while with
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735 nargs=1, a list containing a single value will be produced.
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736
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737 - const -- The value to be produced if the option is specified and the
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738 option uses an action that takes no values.
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739
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740 - default -- The value to be produced if the option is not specified.
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741
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742 - type -- The type which the command-line arguments should be converted
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743 to, should be one of 'string', 'int', 'float', 'complex' or a
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744 callable object that accepts a single string argument. If None,
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745 'string' is assumed.
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746
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747 - choices -- A container of values that should be allowed. If not None,
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748 after a command-line argument has been converted to the appropriate
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749 type, an exception will be raised if it is not a member of this
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750 collection.
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751
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752 - required -- True if the action must always be specified at the
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753 command line. This is only meaningful for optional command-line
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754 arguments.
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755
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756 - help -- The help string describing the argument.
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757
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758 - metavar -- The name to be used for the option's argument with the
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759 help string. If None, the 'dest' value will be used as the name.
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760 """
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761
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762 def __init__(self,
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763 option_strings,
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764 dest,
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765 nargs=None,
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766 const=None,
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767 default=None,
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768 type=None,
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769 choices=None,
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770 required=False,
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771 help=None,
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772 metavar=None):
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773 self.option_strings = option_strings
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774 self.dest = dest
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775 self.nargs = nargs
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776 self.const = const
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777 self.default = default
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778 self.type = type
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779 self.choices = choices
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780 self.required = required
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781 self.help = help
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782 self.metavar = metavar
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783
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784 def _get_kwargs(self):
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785 names = [
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786 'option_strings',
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787 'dest',
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788 'nargs',
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789 'const',
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790 'default',
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791 'type',
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792 'choices',
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793 'help',
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794 'metavar',
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795 ]
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796 return [(name, getattr(self, name)) for name in names]
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797
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798 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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799 raise NotImplementedError(_('.__call__() not defined'))
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800
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801
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802 class _StoreAction(Action):
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803
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804 def __init__(self,
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805 option_strings,
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806 dest,
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807 nargs=None,
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808 const=None,
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809 default=None,
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810 type=None,
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811 choices=None,
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812 required=False,
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813 help=None,
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814 metavar=None):
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815 if nargs == 0:
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816 raise ValueError('nargs for store actions must be > 0; if you '
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817 'have nothing to store, actions such as store '
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818 'true or store const may be more appropriate')
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819 if const is not None and nargs != OPTIONAL:
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820 raise ValueError('nargs must be %r to supply const' % OPTIONAL)
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821 super(_StoreAction, self).__init__(
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822 option_strings=option_strings,
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823 dest=dest,
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824 nargs=nargs,
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825 const=const,
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826 default=default,
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827 type=type,
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828 choices=choices,
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829 required=required,
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830 help=help,
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831 metavar=metavar)
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diff changeset
832
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833 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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834 setattr(namespace, self.dest, values)
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diff changeset
835
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diff changeset
836
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837 class _StoreConstAction(Action):
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838
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839 def __init__(self,
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840 option_strings,
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841 dest,
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842 const,
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843 default=None,
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844 required=False,
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845 help=None,
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846 metavar=None):
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847 super(_StoreConstAction, self).__init__(
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848 option_strings=option_strings,
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849 dest=dest,
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850 nargs=0,
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851 const=const,
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852 default=default,
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853 required=required,
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854 help=help)
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855
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856 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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857 setattr(namespace, self.dest, self.const)
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858
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859
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860 class _StoreTrueAction(_StoreConstAction):
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861
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diff changeset
862 def __init__(self,
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863 option_strings,
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864 dest,
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865 default=False,
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866 required=False,
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867 help=None):
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868 super(_StoreTrueAction, self).__init__(
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869 option_strings=option_strings,
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870 dest=dest,
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871 const=True,
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872 default=default,
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873 required=required,
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diff changeset
874 help=help)
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diff changeset
875
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diff changeset
876
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877 class _StoreFalseAction(_StoreConstAction):
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diff changeset
878
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diff changeset
879 def __init__(self,
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880 option_strings,
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diff changeset
881 dest,
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882 default=True,
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883 required=False,
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884 help=None):
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885 super(_StoreFalseAction, self).__init__(
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diff changeset
886 option_strings=option_strings,
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diff changeset
887 dest=dest,
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888 const=False,
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889 default=default,
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diff changeset
890 required=required,
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891 help=help)
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diff changeset
892
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diff changeset
893
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diff changeset
894 class _AppendAction(Action):
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diff changeset
895
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diff changeset
896 def __init__(self,
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diff changeset
897 option_strings,
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diff changeset
898 dest,
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diff changeset
899 nargs=None,
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diff changeset
900 const=None,
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diff changeset
901 default=None,
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diff changeset
902 type=None,
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diff changeset
903 choices=None,
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904 required=False,
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diff changeset
905 help=None,
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906 metavar=None):
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907 if nargs == 0:
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908 raise ValueError('nargs for append actions must be > 0; if arg '
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diff changeset
909 'strings are not supplying the value to append, '
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diff changeset
910 'the append const action may be more appropriate')
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diff changeset
911 if const is not None and nargs != OPTIONAL:
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diff changeset
912 raise ValueError('nargs must be %r to supply const' % OPTIONAL)
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diff changeset
913 super(_AppendAction, self).__init__(
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diff changeset
914 option_strings=option_strings,
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diff changeset
915 dest=dest,
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diff changeset
916 nargs=nargs,
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diff changeset
917 const=const,
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diff changeset
918 default=default,
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diff changeset
919 type=type,
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diff changeset
920 choices=choices,
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diff changeset
921 required=required,
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diff changeset
922 help=help,
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diff changeset
923 metavar=metavar)
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diff changeset
924
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diff changeset
925 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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diff changeset
926 items = _copy.copy(_ensure_value(namespace, self.dest, []))
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diff changeset
927 items.append(values)
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diff changeset
928 setattr(namespace, self.dest, items)
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diff changeset
929
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diff changeset
930
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diff changeset
931 class _AppendConstAction(Action):
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diff changeset
932
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diff changeset
933 def __init__(self,
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934 option_strings,
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diff changeset
935 dest,
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diff changeset
936 const,
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937 default=None,
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938 required=False,
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939 help=None,
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940 metavar=None):
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diff changeset
941 super(_AppendConstAction, self).__init__(
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942 option_strings=option_strings,
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diff changeset
943 dest=dest,
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944 nargs=0,
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945 const=const,
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diff changeset
946 default=default,
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947 required=required,
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948 help=help,
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949 metavar=metavar)
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diff changeset
950
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diff changeset
951 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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952 items = _copy.copy(_ensure_value(namespace, self.dest, []))
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diff changeset
953 items.append(self.const)
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954 setattr(namespace, self.dest, items)
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diff changeset
955
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diff changeset
956
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diff changeset
957 class _CountAction(Action):
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diff changeset
958
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959 def __init__(self,
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960 option_strings,
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961 dest,
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962 default=None,
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963 required=False,
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964 help=None):
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965 super(_CountAction, self).__init__(
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966 option_strings=option_strings,
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967 dest=dest,
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968 nargs=0,
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diff changeset
969 default=default,
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970 required=required,
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971 help=help)
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diff changeset
972
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diff changeset
973 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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974 new_count = _ensure_value(namespace, self.dest, 0) + 1
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975 setattr(namespace, self.dest, new_count)
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976
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977
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978 class _HelpAction(Action):
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979
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980 def __init__(self,
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981 option_strings,
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982 dest=SUPPRESS,
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983 default=SUPPRESS,
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984 help=None):
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985 super(_HelpAction, self).__init__(
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986 option_strings=option_strings,
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987 dest=dest,
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988 default=default,
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989 nargs=0,
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990 help=help)
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991
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992 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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993 parser.print_help()
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994 parser.exit()
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995
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996
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997 class _VersionAction(Action):
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998
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999 def __init__(self,
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1000 option_strings,
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1001 version=None,
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1002 dest=SUPPRESS,
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1003 default=SUPPRESS,
61880
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1004 help="show program's version number and exit"):
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1005 super(_VersionAction, self).__init__(
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1006 option_strings=option_strings,
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1007 dest=dest,
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1008 default=default,
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1009 nargs=0,
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1010 help=help)
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1011 self.version = version
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1012
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1013 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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1014 version = self.version
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1015 if version is None:
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1016 version = parser.version
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1017 formatter = parser._get_formatter()
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1018 formatter.add_text(version)
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1019 parser.exit(message=formatter.format_help())
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1020
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1021
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1022 class _SubParsersAction(Action):
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1023
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1024 class _ChoicesPseudoAction(Action):
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1025
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1026 def __init__(self, name, help):
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1027 sup = super(_SubParsersAction._ChoicesPseudoAction, self)
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1028 sup.__init__(option_strings=[], dest=name, help=help)
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1029
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1030 def __init__(self,
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1031 option_strings,
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1032 prog,
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1033 parser_class,
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1034 dest=SUPPRESS,
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1035 help=None,
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1036 metavar=None):
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1037
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1038 self._prog_prefix = prog
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1039 self._parser_class = parser_class
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1040 self._name_parser_map = {}
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1041 self._choices_actions = []
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1042
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1043 super(_SubParsersAction, self).__init__(
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1044 option_strings=option_strings,
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1045 dest=dest,
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1046 nargs=PARSER,
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1047 choices=self._name_parser_map,
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1048 help=help,
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1049 metavar=metavar)
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1050
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1051 def add_parser(self, name, **kwargs):
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1052 # set prog from the existing prefix
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1053 if kwargs.get('prog') is None:
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1054 kwargs['prog'] = '%s %s' % (self._prog_prefix, name)
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1055
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1056 # create a pseudo-action to hold the choice help
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1057 if 'help' in kwargs:
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1058 help = kwargs.pop('help')
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1059 choice_action = self._ChoicesPseudoAction(name, help)
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1060 self._choices_actions.append(choice_action)
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1061
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1062 # create the parser and add it to the map
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1063 parser = self._parser_class(**kwargs)
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1064 self._name_parser_map[name] = parser
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1065 return parser
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1066
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1067 def _get_subactions(self):
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1068 return self._choices_actions
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1069
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1070 def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
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1071 parser_name = values[0]
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1072 arg_strings = values[1:]
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1073
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1074 # set the parser name if requested
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1075 if self.dest is not SUPPRESS:
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1076 setattr(namespace, self.dest, parser_name)
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1077
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1078 # select the parser
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1079 try:
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1080 parser = self._name_parser_map[parser_name]
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1081 except KeyError:
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1082 tup = parser_name, ', '.join(self._name_parser_map)
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1083 msg = _('unknown parser %r (choices: %s)' % tup)
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1084 raise ArgumentError(self, msg)
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1085
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1086 # parse all the remaining options into the namespace
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1087 # store any unrecognized options on the object, so that the top
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1088 # level parser can decide what to do with them
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1089 namespace, arg_strings = parser.parse_known_args(arg_strings, namespace)
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1090 if arg_strings:
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1091 vars(namespace).setdefault(_UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR, [])
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1092 getattr(namespace, _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR).extend(arg_strings)
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1093
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1094
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1095 # ==============
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1096 # Type classes
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1097 # ==============
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1098
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1099 class FileType(object):
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1100 """Factory for creating file object types
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1101
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1102 Instances of FileType are typically passed as type= arguments to the
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1103 ArgumentParser add_argument() method.
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1104
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1105 Keyword Arguments:
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1106 - mode -- A string indicating how the file is to be opened. Accepts the
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1107 same values as the builtin open() function.
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1108 - bufsize -- The file's desired buffer size. Accepts the same values as
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1109 the builtin open() function.
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1110 """
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1111
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1112 def __init__(self, mode='r', bufsize=None):
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1113 self._mode = mode
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1114 self._bufsize = bufsize
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1115
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1116 def __call__(self, string):
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1117 # the special argument "-" means sys.std{in,out}
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1118 if string == '-':
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1119 if 'r' in self._mode:
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1120 return _sys.stdin
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1121 elif 'w' in self._mode:
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1122 return _sys.stdout
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1123 else:
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1124 msg = _('argument "-" with mode %r' % self._mode)
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1125 raise ValueError(msg)
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1126
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1127 # all other arguments are used as file names
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1128 if self._bufsize:
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1129 return open(string, self._mode, self._bufsize)
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1130 else:
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1131 return open(string, self._mode)
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1132
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1133 def __repr__(self):
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1134 args = [self._mode, self._bufsize]
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1135 args_str = ', '.join([repr(arg) for arg in args if arg is not None])
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1136 return '%s(%s)' % (type(self).__name__, args_str)
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1137
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1138 # ===========================
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1139 # Optional and Positional Parsing
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1140 # ===========================
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1141
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1142 class Namespace(_AttributeHolder):
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1143 """Simple object for storing attributes.
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1144
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1145 Implements equality by attribute names and values, and provides a simple
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1146 string representation.
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1147 """
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1148
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1149 def __init__(self, **kwargs):
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1150 for name in kwargs:
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1151 setattr(self, name, kwargs[name])
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1152
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1153 def __eq__(self, other):
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1154 return vars(self) == vars(other)
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1155
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1156 def __ne__(self, other):
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1157 return not (self == other)
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1158
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1159 def __contains__(self, key):
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1160 return key in self.__dict__
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1161
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1162
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1163 class _ActionsContainer(object):
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1164
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1165 def __init__(self,
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1166 description,
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1167 prefix_chars,
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1168 argument_default,
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1169 conflict_handler):
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1170 super(_ActionsContainer, self).__init__()
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1171
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1172 self.description = description
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1173 self.argument_default = argument_default
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1174 self.prefix_chars = prefix_chars
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1175 self.conflict_handler = conflict_handler
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1176
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1177 # set up registries
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1178 self._registries = {}
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1179
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1180 # register actions
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1181 self.register('action', None, _StoreAction)
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1182 self.register('action', 'store', _StoreAction)
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1183 self.register('action', 'store_const', _StoreConstAction)
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1184 self.register('action', 'store_true', _StoreTrueAction)
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1185 self.register('action', 'store_false', _StoreFalseAction)
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1186 self.register('action', 'append', _AppendAction)
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1187 self.register('action', 'append_const', _AppendConstAction)
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1188 self.register('action', 'count', _CountAction)
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1189 self.register('action', 'help', _HelpAction)
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1190 self.register('action', 'version', _VersionAction)
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1191 self.register('action', 'parsers', _SubParsersAction)
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1192
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1193 # raise an exception if the conflict handler is invalid
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1194 self._get_handler()
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1195
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1196 # action storage
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1197 self._actions = []
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1198 self._option_string_actions = {}
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1199
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1200 # groups
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1201 self._action_groups = []
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1202 self._mutually_exclusive_groups = []
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diff changeset
1203
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diff changeset
1204 # defaults storage
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1205 self._defaults = {}
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1206
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1207 # determines whether an "option" looks like a negative number
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1208 self._negative_number_matcher = _re.compile(r'^-\d+$|^-\d*\.\d+$')
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1209
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diff changeset
1210 # whether or not there are any optionals that look like negative
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1211 # numbers -- uses a list so it can be shared and edited
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1212 self._has_negative_number_optionals = []
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1213
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diff changeset
1214 # ====================
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1215 # Registration methods
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1216 # ====================
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1217 def register(self, registry_name, value, object):
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1218 registry = self._registries.setdefault(registry_name, {})
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1219 registry[value] = object
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1220
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1221 def _registry_get(self, registry_name, value, default=None):
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1222 return self._registries[registry_name].get(value, default)
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1223
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diff changeset
1224 # ==================================
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1225 # Namespace default accessor methods
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diff changeset
1226 # ==================================
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1227 def set_defaults(self, **kwargs):
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1228 self._defaults.update(kwargs)
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1229
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1230 # if these defaults match any existing arguments, replace
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diff changeset
1231 # the previous default on the object with the new one
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1232 for action in self._actions:
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1233 if action.dest in kwargs:
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1234 action.default = kwargs[action.dest]
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1235
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1236 def get_default(self, dest):
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1237 for action in self._actions:
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1238 if action.dest == dest and action.default is not None:
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1239 return action.default
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1240 return self._defaults.get(dest, None)
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1241
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diff changeset
1242
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1243 # =======================
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1244 # Adding argument actions
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1245 # =======================
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1246 def add_argument(self, *args, **kwargs):
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1247 """
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1248 add_argument(dest, ..., name=value, ...)
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1249 add_argument(option_string, option_string, ..., name=value, ...)
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1250 """
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diff changeset
1251
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diff changeset
1252 # if no positional args are supplied or only one is supplied and
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diff changeset
1253 # it doesn't look like an option string, parse a positional
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diff changeset
1254 # argument
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1255 chars = self.prefix_chars
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diff changeset
1256 if not args or len(args) == 1 and args[0][0] not in chars:
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diff changeset
1257 if args and 'dest' in kwargs:
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diff changeset
1258 raise ValueError('dest supplied twice for positional argument')
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1259 kwargs = self._get_positional_kwargs(*args, **kwargs)
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diff changeset
1260
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1261 # otherwise, we're adding an optional argument
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1262 else:
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1263 kwargs = self._get_optional_kwargs(*args, **kwargs)
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diff changeset
1264
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diff changeset
1265 # if no default was supplied, use the parser-level default
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1266 if 'default' not in kwargs:
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diff changeset
1267 dest = kwargs['dest']
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1268 if dest in self._defaults:
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1269 kwargs['default'] = self._defaults[dest]
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diff changeset
1270 elif self.argument_default is not None:
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diff changeset
1271 kwargs['default'] = self.argument_default
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diff changeset
1272
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1273 # create the action object, and add it to the parser
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diff changeset
1274 action_class = self._pop_action_class(kwargs)
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diff changeset
1275 if not _callable(action_class):
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diff changeset
1276 raise ValueError('unknown action "%s"' % action_class)
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1277 action = action_class(**kwargs)
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diff changeset
1278
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1279 # raise an error if the action type is not callable
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1280 type_func = self._registry_get('type', action.type, action.type)
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1281 if not _callable(type_func):
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diff changeset
1282 raise ValueError('%r is not callable' % type_func)
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1283
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1284 return self._add_action(action)
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1285
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1286 def add_argument_group(self, *args, **kwargs):
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1287 group = _ArgumentGroup(self, *args, **kwargs)
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1288 self._action_groups.append(group)
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1289 return group
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1290
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diff changeset
1291 def add_mutually_exclusive_group(self, **kwargs):
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1292 group = _MutuallyExclusiveGroup(self, **kwargs)
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1293 self._mutually_exclusive_groups.append(group)
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diff changeset
1294 return group
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1295
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1296 def _add_action(self, action):
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1297 # resolve any conflicts
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1298 self._check_conflict(action)
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diff changeset
1299
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1300 # add to actions list
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1301 self._actions.append(action)
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1302 action.container = self
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diff changeset
1303
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1304 # index the action by any option strings it has
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diff changeset
1305 for option_string in action.option_strings:
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1306 self._option_string_actions[option_string] = action
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1307
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1308 # set the flag if any option strings look like negative numbers
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diff changeset
1309 for option_string in action.option_strings:
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1310 if self._negative_number_matcher.match(option_string):
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1311 if not self._has_negative_number_optionals:
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1312 self._has_negative_number_optionals.append(True)
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1313
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1314 # return the created action
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1315 return action
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1316
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1317 def _remove_action(self, action):
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1318 self._actions.remove(action)
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1319
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1320 def _add_container_actions(self, container):
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diff changeset
1321 # collect groups by titles
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diff changeset
1322 title_group_map = {}
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1323 for group in self._action_groups:
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1324 if group.title in title_group_map:
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diff changeset
1325 msg = _('cannot merge actions - two groups are named %r')
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diff changeset
1326 raise ValueError(msg % (group.title))
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diff changeset
1327 title_group_map[group.title] = group
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diff changeset
1328
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1329 # map each action to its group
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diff changeset
1330 group_map = {}
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1331 for group in container._action_groups:
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diff changeset
1332
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diff changeset
1333 # if a group with the title exists, use that, otherwise
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diff changeset
1334 # create a new group matching the container's group
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diff changeset
1335 if group.title not in title_group_map:
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diff changeset
1336 title_group_map[group.title] = self.add_argument_group(
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diff changeset
1337 title=group.title,
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diff changeset
1338 description=group.description,
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diff changeset
1339 conflict_handler=group.conflict_handler)
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diff changeset
1340
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diff changeset
1341 # map the actions to their new group
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1342 for action in group._group_actions:
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diff changeset
1343 group_map[action] = title_group_map[group.title]
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diff changeset
1344
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diff changeset
1345 # add container's mutually exclusive groups
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diff changeset
1346 # NOTE: if add_mutually_exclusive_group ever gains title= and
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diff changeset
1347 # description= then this code will need to be expanded as above
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diff changeset
1348 for group in container._mutually_exclusive_groups:
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diff changeset
1349 mutex_group = self.add_mutually_exclusive_group(
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diff changeset
1350 required=group.required)
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diff changeset
1351
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diff changeset
1352 # map the actions to their new mutex group
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diff changeset
1353 for action in group._group_actions:
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diff changeset
1354 group_map[action] = mutex_group
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diff changeset
1355
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diff changeset
1356 # add all actions to this container or their group
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diff changeset
1357 for action in container._actions:
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diff changeset
1358 group_map.get(action, self)._add_action(action)
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diff changeset
1359
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diff changeset
1360 def _get_positional_kwargs(self, dest, **kwargs):
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diff changeset
1361 # make sure required is not specified
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diff changeset
1362 if 'required' in kwargs:
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diff changeset
1363 msg = _("'required' is an invalid argument for positionals")
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diff changeset
1364 raise TypeError(msg)
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diff changeset
1365
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diff changeset
1366 # mark positional arguments as required if at least one is
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diff changeset
1367 # always required
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diff changeset
1368 if kwargs.get('nargs') not in [OPTIONAL, ZERO_OR_MORE]:
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diff changeset
1369 kwargs['required'] = True
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diff changeset
1370 if kwargs.get('nargs') == ZERO_OR_MORE and 'default' not in kwargs:
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diff changeset
1371 kwargs['required'] = True
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diff changeset
1372
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1373 # return the keyword arguments with no option strings
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diff changeset
1374 return dict(kwargs, dest=dest, option_strings=[])
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diff changeset
1375
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diff changeset
1376 def _get_optional_kwargs(self, *args, **kwargs):
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diff changeset
1377 # determine short and long option strings
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diff changeset
1378 option_strings = []
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1379 long_option_strings = []
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diff changeset
1380 for option_string in args:
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diff changeset
1381 # error on strings that don't start with an appropriate prefix
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diff changeset
1382 if not option_string[0] in self.prefix_chars:
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diff changeset
1383 msg = _('invalid option string %r: '
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diff changeset
1384 'must start with a character %r')
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diff changeset
1385 tup = option_string, self.prefix_chars
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1386 raise ValueError(msg % tup)
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diff changeset
1387
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diff changeset
1388 # strings starting with two prefix characters are long options
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diff changeset
1389 option_strings.append(option_string)
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1390 if option_string[0] in self.prefix_chars:
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diff changeset
1391 if len(option_string) > 1:
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1392 if option_string[1] in self.prefix_chars:
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1393 long_option_strings.append(option_string)
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1394
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diff changeset
1395 # infer destination, '--foo-bar' -> 'foo_bar' and '-x' -> 'x'
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diff changeset
1396 dest = kwargs.pop('dest', None)
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1397 if dest is None:
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1398 if long_option_strings:
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1399 dest_option_string = long_option_strings[0]
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1400 else:
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1401 dest_option_string = option_strings[0]
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1402 dest = dest_option_string.lstrip(self.prefix_chars)
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1403 if not dest:
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1404 msg = _('dest= is required for options like %r')
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diff changeset
1405 raise ValueError(msg % option_string)
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1406 dest = dest.replace('-', '_')
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1407
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diff changeset
1408 # return the updated keyword arguments
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1409 return dict(kwargs, dest=dest, option_strings=option_strings)
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1410
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1411 def _pop_action_class(self, kwargs, default=None):
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1412 action = kwargs.pop('action', default)
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1413 return self._registry_get('action', action, action)
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1414
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1415 def _get_handler(self):
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1416 # determine function from conflict handler string
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1417 handler_func_name = '_handle_conflict_%s' % self.conflict_handler
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1418 try:
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1419 return getattr(self, handler_func_name)
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1420 except AttributeError:
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1421 msg = _('invalid conflict_resolution value: %r')
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1422 raise ValueError(msg % self.conflict_handler)
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1423
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1424 def _check_conflict(self, action):
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1425
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1426 # find all options that conflict with this option
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1427 confl_optionals = []
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1428 for option_string in action.option_strings:
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1429 if option_string in self._option_string_actions:
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1430 confl_optional = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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1431 confl_optionals.append((option_string, confl_optional))
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1432
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1433 # resolve any conflicts
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diff changeset
1434 if confl_optionals:
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1435 conflict_handler = self._get_handler()
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diff changeset
1436 conflict_handler(action, confl_optionals)
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1437
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1438 def _handle_conflict_error(self, action, conflicting_actions):
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1439 message = _('conflicting option string(s): %s')
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diff changeset
1440 conflict_string = ', '.join([option_string
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diff changeset
1441 for option_string, action
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diff changeset
1442 in conflicting_actions])
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diff changeset
1443 raise ArgumentError(action, message % conflict_string)
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1444
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1445 def _handle_conflict_resolve(self, action, conflicting_actions):
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1446
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diff changeset
1447 # remove all conflicting options
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1448 for option_string, action in conflicting_actions:
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diff changeset
1449
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diff changeset
1450 # remove the conflicting option
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1451 action.option_strings.remove(option_string)
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1452 self._option_string_actions.pop(option_string, None)
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1453
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diff changeset
1454 # if the option now has no option string, remove it from the
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diff changeset
1455 # container holding it
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1456 if not action.option_strings:
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diff changeset
1457 action.container._remove_action(action)
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diff changeset
1458
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diff changeset
1459
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1460 class _ArgumentGroup(_ActionsContainer):
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diff changeset
1461
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1462 def __init__(self, container, title=None, description=None, **kwargs):
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diff changeset
1463 # add any missing keyword arguments by checking the container
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diff changeset
1464 update = kwargs.setdefault
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diff changeset
1465 update('conflict_handler', container.conflict_handler)
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1466 update('prefix_chars', container.prefix_chars)
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diff changeset
1467 update('argument_default', container.argument_default)
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diff changeset
1468 super_init = super(_ArgumentGroup, self).__init__
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1469 super_init(description=description, **kwargs)
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diff changeset
1470
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diff changeset
1471 # group attributes
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diff changeset
1472 self.title = title
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1473 self._group_actions = []
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diff changeset
1474
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diff changeset
1475 # share most attributes with the container
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diff changeset
1476 self._registries = container._registries
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1477 self._actions = container._actions
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diff changeset
1478 self._option_string_actions = container._option_string_actions
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diff changeset
1479 self._defaults = container._defaults
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diff changeset
1480 self._has_negative_number_optionals = \
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diff changeset
1481 container._has_negative_number_optionals
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1482
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1483 def _add_action(self, action):
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1484 action = super(_ArgumentGroup, self)._add_action(action)
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1485 self._group_actions.append(action)
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1486 return action
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1487
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1488 def _remove_action(self, action):
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1489 super(_ArgumentGroup, self)._remove_action(action)
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1490 self._group_actions.remove(action)
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1491
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1492
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1493 class _MutuallyExclusiveGroup(_ArgumentGroup):
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diff changeset
1494
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diff changeset
1495 def __init__(self, container, required=False):
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1496 super(_MutuallyExclusiveGroup, self).__init__(container)
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diff changeset
1497 self.required = required
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diff changeset
1498 self._container = container
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diff changeset
1499
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1500 def _add_action(self, action):
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1501 if action.required:
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1502 msg = _('mutually exclusive arguments must be optional')
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diff changeset
1503 raise ValueError(msg)
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1504 action = self._container._add_action(action)
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1505 self._group_actions.append(action)
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1506 return action
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1507
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1508 def _remove_action(self, action):
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1509 self._container._remove_action(action)
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1510 self._group_actions.remove(action)
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1511
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1512
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1513 class ArgumentParser(_AttributeHolder, _ActionsContainer):
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diff changeset
1514 """Object for parsing command line strings into Python objects.
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1515
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1516 Keyword Arguments:
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1517 - prog -- The name of the program (default: sys.argv[0])
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1518 - usage -- A usage message (default: auto-generated from arguments)
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1519 - description -- A description of what the program does
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diff changeset
1520 - epilog -- Text following the argument descriptions
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1521 - parents -- Parsers whose arguments should be copied into this one
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diff changeset
1522 - formatter_class -- HelpFormatter class for printing help messages
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diff changeset
1523 - prefix_chars -- Characters that prefix optional arguments
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diff changeset
1524 - fromfile_prefix_chars -- Characters that prefix files containing
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diff changeset
1525 additional arguments
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diff changeset
1526 - argument_default -- The default value for all arguments
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diff changeset
1527 - conflict_handler -- String indicating how to handle conflicts
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diff changeset
1528 - add_help -- Add a -h/-help option
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diff changeset
1529 """
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1530
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diff changeset
1531 def __init__(self,
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diff changeset
1532 prog=None,
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diff changeset
1533 usage=None,
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diff changeset
1534 description=None,
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diff changeset
1535 epilog=None,
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diff changeset
1536 version=None,
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diff changeset
1537 parents=[],
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diff changeset
1538 formatter_class=HelpFormatter,
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diff changeset
1539 prefix_chars='-',
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1540 fromfile_prefix_chars=None,
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diff changeset
1541 argument_default=None,
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diff changeset
1542 conflict_handler='error',
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diff changeset
1543 add_help=True):
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1544
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1545 if version is not None:
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1546 import warnings
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1547 warnings.warn(
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diff changeset
1548 """The "version" argument to ArgumentParser is deprecated. """
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diff changeset
1549 """Please use """
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diff changeset
1550 """"add_argument(..., action='version', version="N", ...)" """
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diff changeset
1551 """instead""", DeprecationWarning)
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1552
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1553 superinit = super(ArgumentParser, self).__init__
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1554 superinit(description=description,
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1555 prefix_chars=prefix_chars,
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1556 argument_default=argument_default,
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1557 conflict_handler=conflict_handler)
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1558
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1559 # default setting for prog
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1560 if prog is None:
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1561 prog = _os.path.basename(_sys.argv[0])
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1562
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1563 self.prog = prog
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1564 self.usage = usage
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1565 self.epilog = epilog
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1566 self.version = version
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1567 self.formatter_class = formatter_class
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1568 self.fromfile_prefix_chars = fromfile_prefix_chars
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1569 self.add_help = add_help
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1570
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1571 add_group = self.add_argument_group
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1572 self._positionals = add_group(_('positional arguments'))
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1573 self._optionals = add_group(_('optional arguments'))
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1574 self._subparsers = None
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1575
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1576 # register types
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1577 def identity(string):
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1578 return string
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1579 self.register('type', None, identity)
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1580
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1581 # add help and version arguments if necessary
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1582 # (using explicit default to override global argument_default)
63690
2850bd919277 #9444: use first of prefix_chars for help opt instead of raising error
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diff changeset
1583 default_prefix = '-' if '-' in prefix_chars else prefix_chars[0]
59275
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1584 if self.add_help:
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1585 self.add_argument(
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1586 default_prefix+'h', default_prefix*2+'help',
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1587 action='help', default=SUPPRESS,
59275
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1588 help=_('show this help message and exit'))
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1589 if self.version:
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1590 self.add_argument(
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diff changeset
1591 default_prefix+'v', default_prefix*2+'version',
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1592 action='version', default=SUPPRESS,
59275
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1593 version=self.version,
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1594 help=_("show program's version number and exit"))
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1595
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1596 # add parent arguments and defaults
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1597 for parent in parents:
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1598 self._add_container_actions(parent)
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diff changeset
1599 try:
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1600 defaults = parent._defaults
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1601 except AttributeError:
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1602 pass
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1603 else:
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1604 self._defaults.update(defaults)
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1605
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1606 # =======================
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1607 # Pretty __repr__ methods
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1608 # =======================
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1609 def _get_kwargs(self):
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1610 names = [
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1611 'prog',
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1612 'usage',
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1613 'description',
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1614 'version',
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1615 'formatter_class',
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1616 'conflict_handler',
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1617 'add_help',
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1618 ]
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1619 return [(name, getattr(self, name)) for name in names]
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1620
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1621 # ==================================
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1622 # Optional/Positional adding methods
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diff changeset
1623 # ==================================
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1624 def add_subparsers(self, **kwargs):
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1625 if self._subparsers is not None:
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1626 self.error(_('cannot have multiple subparser arguments'))
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1627
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1628 # add the parser class to the arguments if it's not present
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diff changeset
1629 kwargs.setdefault('parser_class', type(self))
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1630
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1631 if 'title' in kwargs or 'description' in kwargs:
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1632 title = _(kwargs.pop('title', 'subcommands'))
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1633 description = _(kwargs.pop('description', None))
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1634 self._subparsers = self.add_argument_group(title, description)
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1635 else:
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1636 self._subparsers = self._positionals
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1637
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1638 # prog defaults to the usage message of this parser, skipping
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1639 # optional arguments and with no "usage:" prefix
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1640 if kwargs.get('prog') is None:
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1641 formatter = self._get_formatter()
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1642 positionals = self._get_positional_actions()
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1643 groups = self._mutually_exclusive_groups
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1644 formatter.add_usage(self.usage, positionals, groups, '')
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1645 kwargs['prog'] = formatter.format_help().strip()
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1646
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1647 # create the parsers action and add it to the positionals list
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diff changeset
1648 parsers_class = self._pop_action_class(kwargs, 'parsers')
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diff changeset
1649 action = parsers_class(option_strings=[], **kwargs)
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diff changeset
1650 self._subparsers._add_action(action)
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diff changeset
1651
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1652 # return the created parsers action
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diff changeset
1653 return action
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diff changeset
1654
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1655 def _add_action(self, action):
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1656 if action.option_strings:
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diff changeset
1657 self._optionals._add_action(action)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1658 else:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1659 self._positionals._add_action(action)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1660 return action
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1661
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1662 def _get_optional_actions(self):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1663 return [action
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1664 for action in self._actions
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1665 if action.option_strings]
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1666
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1667 def _get_positional_actions(self):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1668 return [action
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1669 for action in self._actions
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1670 if not action.option_strings]
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1671
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1672 # =====================================
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1673 # Command line argument parsing methods
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1674 # =====================================
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1675 def parse_args(self, args=None, namespace=None):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1676 args, argv = self.parse_known_args(args, namespace)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1677 if argv:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1678 msg = _('unrecognized arguments: %s')
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1679 self.error(msg % ' '.join(argv))
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1680 return args
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1681
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1682 def parse_known_args(self, args=None, namespace=None):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1683 # args default to the system args
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1684 if args is None:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1685 args = _sys.argv[1:]
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1686
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1687 # default Namespace built from parser defaults
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1688 if namespace is None:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1689 namespace = Namespace()
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1690
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1691 # add any action defaults that aren't present
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1692 for action in self._actions:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1693 if action.dest is not SUPPRESS:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1694 if not hasattr(namespace, action.dest):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1695 if action.default is not SUPPRESS:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1696 default = action.default
59282
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59275
diff changeset
1697 if isinstance(action.default, str):
59275
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1698 default = self._get_value(action, default)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1699 setattr(namespace, action.dest, default)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1700
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1701 # add any parser defaults that aren't present
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1702 for dest in self._defaults:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1703 if not hasattr(namespace, dest):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1704 setattr(namespace, dest, self._defaults[dest])
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1705
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1706 # parse the arguments and exit if there are any errors
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1707 try:
65887
ff6f39b3c38e Fix bug 9340 - argparse parse_known_args didn't work with subparsers
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65869
diff changeset
1708 namespace, args = self._parse_known_args(args, namespace)
ff6f39b3c38e Fix bug 9340 - argparse parse_known_args didn't work with subparsers
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65869
diff changeset
1709 if hasattr(namespace, _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR):
ff6f39b3c38e Fix bug 9340 - argparse parse_known_args didn't work with subparsers
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65869
diff changeset
1710 args.extend(getattr(namespace, _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR))
ff6f39b3c38e Fix bug 9340 - argparse parse_known_args didn't work with subparsers
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65869
diff changeset
1711 delattr(namespace, _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR)
ff6f39b3c38e Fix bug 9340 - argparse parse_known_args didn't work with subparsers
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65869
diff changeset
1712 return namespace, args
59275
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1713 except ArgumentError:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1714 err = _sys.exc_info()[1]
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1715 self.error(str(err))
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1716
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1717 def _parse_known_args(self, arg_strings, namespace):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1718 # replace arg strings that are file references
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1719 if self.fromfile_prefix_chars is not None:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1720 arg_strings = self._read_args_from_files(arg_strings)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1721
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1722 # map all mutually exclusive arguments to the other arguments
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1723 # they can't occur with
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1724 action_conflicts = {}
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1725 for mutex_group in self._mutually_exclusive_groups:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1726 group_actions = mutex_group._group_actions
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1727 for i, mutex_action in enumerate(mutex_group._group_actions):
12bcb69938b3 Merged revisions 78586-78593 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1728 conflicts = action_conflicts.setdefault(mutex_action, [])
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1729 conflicts.extend(group_actions[:i])
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1730 conflicts.extend(group_actions[i + 1:])
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1731
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1732 # find all option indices, and determine the arg_string_pattern
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1733 # which has an 'O' if there is an option at an index,
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1734 # an 'A' if there is an argument, or a '-' if there is a '--'
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1735 option_string_indices = {}
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1736 arg_string_pattern_parts = []
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1737 arg_strings_iter = iter(arg_strings)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1738 for i, arg_string in enumerate(arg_strings_iter):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1739
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1740 # all args after -- are non-options
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1741 if arg_string == '--':
12bcb69938b3 Merged revisions 78586-78593 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1742 arg_string_pattern_parts.append('-')
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1743 for arg_string in arg_strings_iter:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1744 arg_string_pattern_parts.append('A')
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1745
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1746 # otherwise, add the arg to the arg strings
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1747 # and note the index if it was an option
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1748 else:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1749 option_tuple = self._parse_optional(arg_string)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1750 if option_tuple is None:
12bcb69938b3 Merged revisions 78586-78593 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1751 pattern = 'A'
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1752 else:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1753 option_string_indices[i] = option_tuple
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1754 pattern = 'O'
12bcb69938b3 Merged revisions 78586-78593 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1755 arg_string_pattern_parts.append(pattern)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1756
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1757 # join the pieces together to form the pattern
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1758 arg_strings_pattern = ''.join(arg_string_pattern_parts)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1759
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1760 # converts arg strings to the appropriate and then takes the action
59282
b30f8ce82167 Merged revisions 78600-78601 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59275
diff changeset
1761 seen_actions = set()
b30f8ce82167 Merged revisions 78600-78601 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59275
diff changeset
1762 seen_non_default_actions = set()
59275
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1763
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1764 def take_action(action, argument_strings, option_string=None):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1765 seen_actions.add(action)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1766 argument_values = self._get_values(action, argument_strings)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1767
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1768 # error if this argument is not allowed with other previously
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1769 # seen arguments, assuming that actions that use the default
12bcb69938b3 Merged revisions 78586-78593 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1770 # value don't really count as "present"
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1771 if argument_values is not action.default:
12bcb69938b3 Merged revisions 78586-78593 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1772 seen_non_default_actions.add(action)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1773 for conflict_action in action_conflicts.get(action, []):
12bcb69938b3 Merged revisions 78586-78593 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1774 if conflict_action in seen_non_default_actions:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1775 msg = _('not allowed with argument %s')
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1776 action_name = _get_action_name(conflict_action)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1777 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % action_name)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1778
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1779 # take the action if we didn't receive a SUPPRESS value
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1780 # (e.g. from a default)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1781 if argument_values is not SUPPRESS:
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1782 action(self, namespace, argument_values, option_string)
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1783
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1784 # function to convert arg_strings into an optional action
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1785 def consume_optional(start_index):
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1786
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1787 # get the optional identified at this index
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1788 option_tuple = option_string_indices[start_index]
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1789 action, option_string, explicit_arg = option_tuple
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
1790
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diff changeset
1791 # identify additional optionals in the same arg string
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diff changeset
1792 # (e.g. -xyz is the same as -x -y -z if no args are required)
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diff changeset
1793 match_argument = self._match_argument
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diff changeset
1794 action_tuples = []
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diff changeset
1795 while True:
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diff changeset
1796
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diff changeset
1797 # if we found no optional action, skip it
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diff changeset
1798 if action is None:
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diff changeset
1799 extras.append(arg_strings[start_index])
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diff changeset
1800 return start_index + 1
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diff changeset
1801
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diff changeset
1802 # if there is an explicit argument, try to match the
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diff changeset
1803 # optional's string arguments to only this
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diff changeset
1804 if explicit_arg is not None:
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diff changeset
1805 arg_count = match_argument(action, 'A')
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diff changeset
1806
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diff changeset
1807 # if the action is a single-dash option and takes no
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diff changeset
1808 # arguments, try to parse more single-dash options out
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diff changeset
1809 # of the tail of the option string
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diff changeset
1810 chars = self.prefix_chars
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diff changeset
1811 if arg_count == 0 and option_string[1] not in chars:
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parents: 59258
diff changeset
1812 action_tuples.append((action, [], option_string))
65867
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Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65863
diff changeset
1813 char = option_string[0]
cb9e10034e4a Fix bug 9352 where characters were being lost in parsing some short options
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65863
diff changeset
1814 option_string = char + explicit_arg[0]
cb9e10034e4a Fix bug 9352 where characters were being lost in parsing some short options
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65863
diff changeset
1815 new_explicit_arg = explicit_arg[1:] or None
cb9e10034e4a Fix bug 9352 where characters were being lost in parsing some short options
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65863
diff changeset
1816 optionals_map = self._option_string_actions
cb9e10034e4a Fix bug 9352 where characters were being lost in parsing some short options
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65863
diff changeset
1817 if option_string in optionals_map:
cb9e10034e4a Fix bug 9352 where characters were being lost in parsing some short options
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65863
diff changeset
1818 action = optionals_map[option_string]
cb9e10034e4a Fix bug 9352 where characters were being lost in parsing some short options
Steven Bethard <steven.bethard@gmail.com>
parents: 65863
diff changeset
1819 explicit_arg = new_explicit_arg
59275
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1820 else:
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diff changeset
1821 msg = _('ignored explicit argument %r')
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diff changeset
1822 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % explicit_arg)
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diff changeset
1823
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diff changeset
1824 # if the action expect exactly one argument, we've
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diff changeset
1825 # successfully matched the option; exit the loop
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diff changeset
1826 elif arg_count == 1:
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diff changeset
1827 stop = start_index + 1
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diff changeset
1828 args = [explicit_arg]
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diff changeset
1829 action_tuples.append((action, args, option_string))
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diff changeset
1830 break
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diff changeset
1831
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diff changeset
1832 # error if a double-dash option did not use the
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diff changeset
1833 # explicit argument
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diff changeset
1834 else:
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diff changeset
1835 msg = _('ignored explicit argument %r')
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diff changeset
1836 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % explicit_arg)
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diff changeset
1837
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diff changeset
1838 # if there is no explicit argument, try to match the
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diff changeset
1839 # optional's string arguments with the following strings
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diff changeset
1840 # if successful, exit the loop
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diff changeset
1841 else:
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diff changeset
1842 start = start_index + 1
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diff changeset
1843 selected_patterns = arg_strings_pattern[start:]
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diff changeset
1844 arg_count = match_argument(action, selected_patterns)
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diff changeset
1845 stop = start + arg_count
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diff changeset
1846 args = arg_strings[start:stop]
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diff changeset
1847 action_tuples.append((action, args, option_string))
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diff changeset
1848 break
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diff changeset
1849
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diff changeset
1850 # add the Optional to the list and return the index at which
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diff changeset
1851 # the Optional's string args stopped
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diff changeset
1852 assert action_tuples
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diff changeset
1853 for action, args, option_string in action_tuples:
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diff changeset
1854 take_action(action, args, option_string)
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diff changeset
1855 return stop
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diff changeset
1856
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diff changeset
1857 # the list of Positionals left to be parsed; this is modified
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diff changeset
1858 # by consume_positionals()
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diff changeset
1859 positionals = self._get_positional_actions()
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diff changeset
1860
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diff changeset
1861 # function to convert arg_strings into positional actions
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
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diff changeset
1862 def consume_positionals(start_index):
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diff changeset
1863 # match as many Positionals as possible
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diff changeset
1864 match_partial = self._match_arguments_partial
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diff changeset
1865 selected_pattern = arg_strings_pattern[start_index:]
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diff changeset
1866 arg_counts = match_partial(positionals, selected_pattern)
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diff changeset
1867
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diff changeset
1868 # slice off the appropriate arg strings for each Positional
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diff changeset
1869 # and add the Positional and its args to the list
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diff changeset
1870 for action, arg_count in zip(positionals, arg_counts):
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diff changeset
1871 args = arg_strings[start_index: start_index + arg_count]
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diff changeset
1872 start_index += arg_count
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diff changeset
1873 take_action(action, args)
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diff changeset
1874
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diff changeset
1875 # slice off the Positionals that we just parsed and return the
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diff changeset
1876 # index at which the Positionals' string args stopped
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diff changeset
1877 positionals[:] = positionals[len(arg_counts):]
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diff changeset
1878 return start_index
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diff changeset
1879
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diff changeset
1880 # consume Positionals and Optionals alternately, until we have
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diff changeset
1881 # passed the last option string
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diff changeset
1882 extras = []
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diff changeset
1883 start_index = 0
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diff changeset
1884 if option_string_indices:
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diff changeset
1885 max_option_string_index = max(option_string_indices)
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diff changeset
1886 else:
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diff changeset
1887 max_option_string_index = -1
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diff changeset
1888 while start_index <= max_option_string_index:
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diff changeset
1889
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diff changeset
1890 # consume any Positionals preceding the next option
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diff changeset
1891 next_option_string_index = min([
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diff changeset
1892 index
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diff changeset
1893 for index in option_string_indices
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diff changeset
1894 if index >= start_index])
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diff changeset
1895 if start_index != next_option_string_index:
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diff changeset
1896 positionals_end_index = consume_positionals(start_index)
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diff changeset
1897
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diff changeset
1898 # only try to parse the next optional if we didn't consume
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diff changeset
1899 # the option string during the positionals parsing
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diff changeset
1900 if positionals_end_index > start_index:
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diff changeset
1901 start_index = positionals_end_index
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diff changeset
1902 continue
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1903 else:
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1904 start_index = positionals_end_index
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diff changeset
1905
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diff changeset
1906 # if we consumed all the positionals we could and we're not
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diff changeset
1907 # at the index of an option string, there were extra arguments
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1908 if start_index not in option_string_indices:
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diff changeset
1909 strings = arg_strings[start_index:next_option_string_index]
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diff changeset
1910 extras.extend(strings)
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diff changeset
1911 start_index = next_option_string_index
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diff changeset
1912
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1913 # consume the next optional and any arguments for it
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1914 start_index = consume_optional(start_index)
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diff changeset
1915
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1916 # consume any positionals following the last Optional
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diff changeset
1917 stop_index = consume_positionals(start_index)
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diff changeset
1918
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diff changeset
1919 # if we didn't consume all the argument strings, there were extras
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1920 extras.extend(arg_strings[stop_index:])
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diff changeset
1921
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1922 # if we didn't use all the Positional objects, there were too few
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diff changeset
1923 # arg strings supplied.
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diff changeset
1924 if positionals:
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1925 self.error(_('too few arguments'))
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1926
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1927 # make sure all required actions were present
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1928 for action in self._actions:
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1929 if action.required:
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1930 if action not in seen_actions:
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1931 name = _get_action_name(action)
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1932 self.error(_('argument %s is required') % name)
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1933
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1934 # make sure all required groups had one option present
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1935 for group in self._mutually_exclusive_groups:
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1936 if group.required:
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1937 for action in group._group_actions:
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1938 if action in seen_non_default_actions:
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1939 break
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1940
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1941 # if no actions were used, report the error
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1942 else:
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1943 names = [_get_action_name(action)
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1944 for action in group._group_actions
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1945 if action.help is not SUPPRESS]
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1946 msg = _('one of the arguments %s is required')
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1947 self.error(msg % ' '.join(names))
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1948
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1949 # return the updated namespace and the extra arguments
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1950 return namespace, extras
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1951
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1952 def _read_args_from_files(self, arg_strings):
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1953 # expand arguments referencing files
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1954 new_arg_strings = []
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1955 for arg_string in arg_strings:
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1956
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1957 # for regular arguments, just add them back into the list
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1958 if arg_string[0] not in self.fromfile_prefix_chars:
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1959 new_arg_strings.append(arg_string)
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1960
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1961 # replace arguments referencing files with the file content
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1962 else:
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1963 try:
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1964 args_file = open(arg_string[1:])
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1965 try:
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1966 arg_strings = []
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1967 for arg_line in args_file.read().splitlines():
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1968 for arg in self.convert_arg_line_to_args(arg_line):
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1969 arg_strings.append(arg)
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1970 arg_strings = self._read_args_from_files(arg_strings)
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1971 new_arg_strings.extend(arg_strings)
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1972 finally:
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1973 args_file.close()
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1974 except IOError:
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1975 err = _sys.exc_info()[1]
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1976 self.error(str(err))
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1977
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1978 # return the modified argument list
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1979 return new_arg_strings
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1980
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1981 def convert_arg_line_to_args(self, arg_line):
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1982 return [arg_line]
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1983
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1984 def _match_argument(self, action, arg_strings_pattern):
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1985 # match the pattern for this action to the arg strings
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1986 nargs_pattern = self._get_nargs_pattern(action)
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1987 match = _re.match(nargs_pattern, arg_strings_pattern)
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1988
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1989 # raise an exception if we weren't able to find a match
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1990 if match is None:
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1991 nargs_errors = {
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1992 None: _('expected one argument'),
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1993 OPTIONAL: _('expected at most one argument'),
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1994 ONE_OR_MORE: _('expected at least one argument'),
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1995 }
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1996 default = _('expected %s argument(s)') % action.nargs
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1997 msg = nargs_errors.get(action.nargs, default)
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1998 raise ArgumentError(action, msg)
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1999
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2000 # return the number of arguments matched
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diff changeset
2001 return len(match.group(1))
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2002
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diff changeset
2003 def _match_arguments_partial(self, actions, arg_strings_pattern):
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2004 # progressively shorten the actions list by slicing off the
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diff changeset
2005 # final actions until we find a match
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diff changeset
2006 result = []
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diff changeset
2007 for i in range(len(actions), 0, -1):
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diff changeset
2008 actions_slice = actions[:i]
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diff changeset
2009 pattern = ''.join([self._get_nargs_pattern(action)
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diff changeset
2010 for action in actions_slice])
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diff changeset
2011 match = _re.match(pattern, arg_strings_pattern)
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2012 if match is not None:
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diff changeset
2013 result.extend([len(string) for string in match.groups()])
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diff changeset
2014 break
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2015
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diff changeset
2016 # return the list of arg string counts
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diff changeset
2017 return result
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2018
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diff changeset
2019 def _parse_optional(self, arg_string):
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diff changeset
2020 # if it's an empty string, it was meant to be a positional
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diff changeset
2021 if not arg_string:
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2022 return None
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diff changeset
2023
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diff changeset
2024 # if it doesn't start with a prefix, it was meant to be positional
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diff changeset
2025 if not arg_string[0] in self.prefix_chars:
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diff changeset
2026 return None
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diff changeset
2027
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diff changeset
2028 # if the option string is present in the parser, return the action
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diff changeset
2029 if arg_string in self._option_string_actions:
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diff changeset
2030 action = self._option_string_actions[arg_string]
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diff changeset
2031 return action, arg_string, None
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diff changeset
2032
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diff changeset
2033 # if it's just a single character, it was meant to be positional
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diff changeset
2034 if len(arg_string) == 1:
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2035 return None
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diff changeset
2036
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diff changeset
2037 # if the option string before the "=" is present, return the action
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diff changeset
2038 if '=' in arg_string:
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diff changeset
2039 option_string, explicit_arg = arg_string.split('=', 1)
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diff changeset
2040 if option_string in self._option_string_actions:
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diff changeset
2041 action = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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diff changeset
2042 return action, option_string, explicit_arg
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2043
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2044 # search through all possible prefixes of the option string
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diff changeset
2045 # and all actions in the parser for possible interpretations
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diff changeset
2046 option_tuples = self._get_option_tuples(arg_string)
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diff changeset
2047
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diff changeset
2048 # if multiple actions match, the option string was ambiguous
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diff changeset
2049 if len(option_tuples) > 1:
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diff changeset
2050 options = ', '.join([option_string
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diff changeset
2051 for action, option_string, explicit_arg in option_tuples])
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2052 tup = arg_string, options
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diff changeset
2053 self.error(_('ambiguous option: %s could match %s') % tup)
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diff changeset
2054
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diff changeset
2055 # if exactly one action matched, this segmentation is good,
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diff changeset
2056 # so return the parsed action
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diff changeset
2057 elif len(option_tuples) == 1:
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diff changeset
2058 option_tuple, = option_tuples
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diff changeset
2059 return option_tuple
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diff changeset
2060
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diff changeset
2061 # if it was not found as an option, but it looks like a negative
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diff changeset
2062 # number, it was meant to be positional
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diff changeset
2063 # unless there are negative-number-like options
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diff changeset
2064 if self._negative_number_matcher.match(arg_string):
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diff changeset
2065 if not self._has_negative_number_optionals:
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diff changeset
2066 return None
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diff changeset
2067
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diff changeset
2068 # if it contains a space, it was meant to be a positional
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diff changeset
2069 if ' ' in arg_string:
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diff changeset
2070 return None
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diff changeset
2071
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diff changeset
2072 # it was meant to be an optional but there is no such option
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diff changeset
2073 # in this parser (though it might be a valid option in a subparser)
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diff changeset
2074 return None, arg_string, None
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diff changeset
2075
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diff changeset
2076 def _get_option_tuples(self, option_string):
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diff changeset
2077 result = []
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diff changeset
2078
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diff changeset
2079 # option strings starting with two prefix characters are only
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diff changeset
2080 # split at the '='
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diff changeset
2081 chars = self.prefix_chars
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diff changeset
2082 if option_string[0] in chars and option_string[1] in chars:
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diff changeset
2083 if '=' in option_string:
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diff changeset
2084 option_prefix, explicit_arg = option_string.split('=', 1)
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2085 else:
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diff changeset
2086 option_prefix = option_string
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diff changeset
2087 explicit_arg = None
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diff changeset
2088 for option_string in self._option_string_actions:
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diff changeset
2089 if option_string.startswith(option_prefix):
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diff changeset
2090 action = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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diff changeset
2091 tup = action, option_string, explicit_arg
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diff changeset
2092 result.append(tup)
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diff changeset
2093
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diff changeset
2094 # single character options can be concatenated with their arguments
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diff changeset
2095 # but multiple character options always have to have their argument
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diff changeset
2096 # separate
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diff changeset
2097 elif option_string[0] in chars and option_string[1] not in chars:
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diff changeset
2098 option_prefix = option_string
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diff changeset
2099 explicit_arg = None
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diff changeset
2100 short_option_prefix = option_string[:2]
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diff changeset
2101 short_explicit_arg = option_string[2:]
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diff changeset
2102
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diff changeset
2103 for option_string in self._option_string_actions:
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diff changeset
2104 if option_string == short_option_prefix:
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diff changeset
2105 action = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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diff changeset
2106 tup = action, option_string, short_explicit_arg
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diff changeset
2107 result.append(tup)
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diff changeset
2108 elif option_string.startswith(option_prefix):
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diff changeset
2109 action = self._option_string_actions[option_string]
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diff changeset
2110 tup = action, option_string, explicit_arg
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diff changeset
2111 result.append(tup)
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diff changeset
2112
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diff changeset
2113 # shouldn't ever get here
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diff changeset
2114 else:
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diff changeset
2115 self.error(_('unexpected option string: %s') % option_string)
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diff changeset
2116
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diff changeset
2117 # return the collected option tuples
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diff changeset
2118 return result
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diff changeset
2119
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diff changeset
2120 def _get_nargs_pattern(self, action):
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diff changeset
2121 # in all examples below, we have to allow for '--' args
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diff changeset
2122 # which are represented as '-' in the pattern
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diff changeset
2123 nargs = action.nargs
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diff changeset
2124
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diff changeset
2125 # the default (None) is assumed to be a single argument
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diff changeset
2126 if nargs is None:
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diff changeset
2127 nargs_pattern = '(-*A-*)'
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diff changeset
2128
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diff changeset
2129 # allow zero or one arguments
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diff changeset
2130 elif nargs == OPTIONAL:
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diff changeset
2131 nargs_pattern = '(-*A?-*)'
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diff changeset
2132
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diff changeset
2133 # allow zero or more arguments
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diff changeset
2134 elif nargs == ZERO_OR_MORE:
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diff changeset
2135 nargs_pattern = '(-*[A-]*)'
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diff changeset
2136
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diff changeset
2137 # allow one or more arguments
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diff changeset
2138 elif nargs == ONE_OR_MORE:
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diff changeset
2139 nargs_pattern = '(-*A[A-]*)'
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diff changeset
2140
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diff changeset
2141 # allow any number of options or arguments
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diff changeset
2142 elif nargs == REMAINDER:
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diff changeset
2143 nargs_pattern = '([-AO]*)'
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diff changeset
2144
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diff changeset
2145 # allow one argument followed by any number of options or arguments
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diff changeset
2146 elif nargs == PARSER:
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diff changeset
2147 nargs_pattern = '(-*A[-AO]*)'
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diff changeset
2148
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diff changeset
2149 # all others should be integers
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diff changeset
2150 else:
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diff changeset
2151 nargs_pattern = '(-*%s-*)' % '-*'.join('A' * nargs)
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diff changeset
2152
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diff changeset
2153 # if this is an optional action, -- is not allowed
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diff changeset
2154 if action.option_strings:
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diff changeset
2155 nargs_pattern = nargs_pattern.replace('-*', '')
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diff changeset
2156 nargs_pattern = nargs_pattern.replace('-', '')
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diff changeset
2157
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diff changeset
2158 # return the pattern
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diff changeset
2159 return nargs_pattern
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diff changeset
2160
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diff changeset
2161 # ========================
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diff changeset
2162 # Value conversion methods
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diff changeset
2163 # ========================
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diff changeset
2164 def _get_values(self, action, arg_strings):
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diff changeset
2165 # for everything but PARSER args, strip out '--'
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diff changeset
2166 if action.nargs not in [PARSER, REMAINDER]:
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diff changeset
2167 arg_strings = [s for s in arg_strings if s != '--']
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diff changeset
2168
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diff changeset
2169 # optional argument produces a default when not present
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diff changeset
2170 if not arg_strings and action.nargs == OPTIONAL:
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diff changeset
2171 if action.option_strings:
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diff changeset
2172 value = action.const
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diff changeset
2173 else:
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diff changeset
2174 value = action.default
59282
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diff changeset
2175 if isinstance(value, str):
59275
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diff changeset
2176 value = self._get_value(action, value)
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diff changeset
2177 self._check_value(action, value)
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diff changeset
2178
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diff changeset
2179 # when nargs='*' on a positional, if there were no command-line
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diff changeset
2180 # args, use the default if it is anything other than None
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diff changeset
2181 elif (not arg_strings and action.nargs == ZERO_OR_MORE and
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diff changeset
2182 not action.option_strings):
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diff changeset
2183 if action.default is not None:
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diff changeset
2184 value = action.default
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diff changeset
2185 else:
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diff changeset
2186 value = arg_strings
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diff changeset
2187 self._check_value(action, value)
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diff changeset
2188
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diff changeset
2189 # single argument or optional argument produces a single value
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diff changeset
2190 elif len(arg_strings) == 1 and action.nargs in [None, OPTIONAL]:
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diff changeset
2191 arg_string, = arg_strings
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diff changeset
2192 value = self._get_value(action, arg_string)
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diff changeset
2193 self._check_value(action, value)
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diff changeset
2194
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diff changeset
2195 # REMAINDER arguments convert all values, checking none
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diff changeset
2196 elif action.nargs == REMAINDER:
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2197 value = [self._get_value(action, v) for v in arg_strings]
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2198
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2199 # PARSER arguments convert all values, but check only the first
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2200 elif action.nargs == PARSER:
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2201 value = [self._get_value(action, v) for v in arg_strings]
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2202 self._check_value(action, value[0])
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2203
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2204 # all other types of nargs produce a list
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2205 else:
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2206 value = [self._get_value(action, v) for v in arg_strings]
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2207 for v in value:
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2208 self._check_value(action, v)
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2209
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2210 # return the converted value
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2211 return value
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2212
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2213 def _get_value(self, action, arg_string):
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2214 type_func = self._registry_get('type', action.type, action.type)
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2215 if not _callable(type_func):
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2216 msg = _('%r is not callable')
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2217 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % type_func)
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2218
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2219 # convert the value to the appropriate type
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2220 try:
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2221 result = type_func(arg_string)
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2222
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2223 # ArgumentTypeErrors indicate errors
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2224 except ArgumentTypeError:
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2225 name = getattr(action.type, '__name__', repr(action.type))
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2226 msg = str(_sys.exc_info()[1])
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2227 raise ArgumentError(action, msg)
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2228
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2229 # TypeErrors or ValueErrors also indicate errors
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2230 except (TypeError, ValueError):
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2231 name = getattr(action.type, '__name__', repr(action.type))
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2232 msg = _('invalid %s value: %r')
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2233 raise ArgumentError(action, msg % (name, arg_string))
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2234
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2235 # return the converted value
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2236 return result
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2237
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2238 def _check_value(self, action, value):
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2239 # converted value must be one of the choices (if specified)
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2240 if action.choices is not None and value not in action.choices:
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2241 tup = value, ', '.join(map(repr, action.choices))
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2242 msg = _('invalid choice: %r (choose from %s)') % tup
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2243 raise ArgumentError(action, msg)
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2244
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2245 # =======================
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2246 # Help-formatting methods
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2247 # =======================
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2248 def format_usage(self):
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2249 formatter = self._get_formatter()
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2250 formatter.add_usage(self.usage, self._actions,
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2251 self._mutually_exclusive_groups)
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2252 return formatter.format_help()
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2253
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2254 def format_help(self):
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2255 formatter = self._get_formatter()
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2256
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2257 # usage
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2258 formatter.add_usage(self.usage, self._actions,
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2259 self._mutually_exclusive_groups)
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2260
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2261 # description
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2262 formatter.add_text(self.description)
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diff changeset
2263
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2264 # positionals, optionals and user-defined groups
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2265 for action_group in self._action_groups:
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2266 formatter.start_section(action_group.title)
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2267 formatter.add_text(action_group.description)
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2268 formatter.add_arguments(action_group._group_actions)
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2269 formatter.end_section()
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2270
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2271 # epilog
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2272 formatter.add_text(self.epilog)
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2273
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2274 # determine help from format above
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2275 return formatter.format_help()
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2276
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2277 def format_version(self):
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2278 import warnings
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2279 warnings.warn(
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2280 'The format_version method is deprecated -- the "version" '
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diff changeset
2281 'argument to ArgumentParser is no longer supported.',
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2282 DeprecationWarning)
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2283 formatter = self._get_formatter()
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2284 formatter.add_text(self.version)
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2285 return formatter.format_help()
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2286
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2287 def _get_formatter(self):
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2288 return self.formatter_class(prog=self.prog)
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diff changeset
2289
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diff changeset
2290 # =====================
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2291 # Help-printing methods
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2292 # =====================
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2293 def print_usage(self, file=None):
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2294 if file is None:
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2295 file = _sys.stdout
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2296 self._print_message(self.format_usage(), file)
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2297
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2298 def print_help(self, file=None):
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2299 if file is None:
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2300 file = _sys.stdout
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2301 self._print_message(self.format_help(), file)
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2302
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2303 def print_version(self, file=None):
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2304 import warnings
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2305 warnings.warn(
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2306 'The print_version method is deprecated -- the "version" '
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diff changeset
2307 'argument to ArgumentParser is no longer supported.',
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2308 DeprecationWarning)
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2309 self._print_message(self.format_version(), file)
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2310
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2311 def _print_message(self, message, file=None):
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2312 if message:
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2313 if file is None:
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2314 file = _sys.stderr
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2315 file.write(message)
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2316
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2317 # ===============
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2318 # Exiting methods
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2319 # ===============
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2320 def exit(self, status=0, message=None):
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2321 if message:
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2322 self._print_message(message, _sys.stderr)
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2323 _sys.exit(status)
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2324
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2325 def error(self, message):
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2326 """error(message: string)
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2327
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2328 Prints a usage message incorporating the message to stderr and
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diff changeset
2329 exits.
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2330
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2331 If you override this in a subclass, it should not return -- it
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2332 should either exit or raise an exception.
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2333 """
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2334 self.print_usage(_sys.stderr)
12bcb69938b3 Merged revisions 78586-78593 via svnmerge from
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 59258
diff changeset
2335 self.exit(2, _('%s: error: %s\n') % (self.prog, message))