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annotate Doc/libposixfile.tex @ 5817:48b94de85bf3 legacy-trunk

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author Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
date Thu, 17 Jul 1997 16:29:42 +0000
parents 6f032ea26642
children 683bc35ab753
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1 % Manual text and implementation by Jaap Vermeulen
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2 \section{Standard Module \sectcode{posixfile}}
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3 \bimodindex{posixfile}
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4 \indexii{posix}{file object}
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5
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6 \emph{Note:} This module will become obsolete in a future release.
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7 The locking operation that it provides is done better and more
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8 portably by the \code{fcntl.lockf()} call.
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9
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10 This module implements some additional functionality over the built-in
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11 file objects. In particular, it implements file locking, control over
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12 the file flags, and an easy interface to duplicate the file object.
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13 The module defines a new file object, the posixfile object. It
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14 has all the standard file object methods and adds the methods
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15 described below. This module only works for certain flavors of
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16 \UNIX{}, since it uses \code{fcntl()} for file locking.
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17
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18 To instantiate a posixfile object, use the \code{open()} function in
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19 the posixfile module. The resulting object looks and feels roughly
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20 the same as a standard file object.
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21
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22 The posixfile module defines the following constants:
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23
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24 \renewcommand{\indexsubitem}{(in module posixfile)}
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25 \begin{datadesc}{SEEK_SET}
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26 offset is calculated from the start of the file
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27 \end{datadesc}
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28
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29 \begin{datadesc}{SEEK_CUR}
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30 offset is calculated from the current position in the file
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31 \end{datadesc}
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32
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33 \begin{datadesc}{SEEK_END}
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34 offset is calculated from the end of the file
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35 \end{datadesc}
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36
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37 The posixfile module defines the following functions:
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38
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39 \renewcommand{\indexsubitem}{(in module posixfile)}
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40
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41 \begin{funcdesc}{open}{filename\optional{\, mode\optional{\, bufsize}}}
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42 Create a new posixfile object with the given filename and mode. The
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43 \var{filename}, \var{mode} and \var{bufsize} arguments are
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44 interpreted the same way as by the built-in \code{open()} function.
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45 \end{funcdesc}
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46
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47 \begin{funcdesc}{fileopen}{fileobject}
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48 Create a new posixfile object with the given standard file object.
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49 The resulting object has the same filename and mode as the original
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50 file object.
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51 \end{funcdesc}
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52
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53 The posixfile object defines the following additional methods:
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54
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55 \renewcommand{\indexsubitem}{(posixfile method)}
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56 \begin{funcdesc}{lock}{fmt\, \optional{len\optional{\, start
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57 \optional{\, whence}}}}
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58 Lock the specified section of the file that the file object is
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59 referring to. The format is explained
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60 below in a table. The \var{len} argument specifies the length of the
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61 section that should be locked. The default is \code{0}. \var{start}
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62 specifies the starting offset of the section, where the default is
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63 \code{0}. The \var{whence} argument specifies where the offset is
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64 relative to. It accepts one of the constants \code{SEEK_SET},
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65 \code{SEEK_CUR} or \code{SEEK_END}. The default is \code{SEEK_SET}.
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66 For more information about the arguments refer to the fcntl
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67 manual page on your system.
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68 \end{funcdesc}
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69
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70 \begin{funcdesc}{flags}{\optional{flags}}
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71 Set the specified flags for the file that the file object is referring
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72 to. The new flags are ORed with the old flags, unless specified
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73 otherwise. The format is explained below in a table. Without
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74 the \var{flags} argument
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75 a string indicating the current flags is returned (this is
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76 the same as the '?' modifier). For more information about the flags
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77 refer to the fcntl manual page on your system.
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78 \end{funcdesc}
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79
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80 \begin{funcdesc}{dup}{}
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81 Duplicate the file object and the underlying file pointer and file
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82 descriptor. The resulting object behaves as if it were newly
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83 opened.
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84 \end{funcdesc}
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85
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86 \begin{funcdesc}{dup2}{fd}
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87 Duplicate the file object and the underlying file pointer and file
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88 descriptor. The new object will have the given file descriptor.
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89 Otherwise the resulting object behaves as if it were newly opened.
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90 \end{funcdesc}
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91
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92 \begin{funcdesc}{file}{}
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93 Return the standard file object that the posixfile object is based
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94 on. This is sometimes necessary for functions that insist on a
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95 standard file object.
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96 \end{funcdesc}
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97
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98 All methods return \code{IOError} when the request fails.
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99
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100 Format characters for the \code{lock()} method have the following meaning:
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101
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102 \begin{tableiii}{|c|l|c|}{samp}{Format}{Meaning}{}
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103 \lineiii{u}{unlock the specified region}{}
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104 \lineiii{r}{request a read lock for the specified section}{}
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105 \lineiii{w}{request a write lock for the specified section}{}
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106 \end{tableiii}
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107
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108 In addition the following modifiers can be added to the format:
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109
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110 \begin{tableiii}{|c|l|c|}{samp}{Modifier}{Meaning}{Notes}
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111 \lineiii{|}{wait until the lock has been granted}{}
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112 \lineiii{?}{return the first lock conflicting with the requested lock, or
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113 \code{None} if there is no conflict.}{(1)}
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114 \end{tableiii}
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115
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116 Note:
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117
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118 (1) The lock returned is in the format \code{(mode, len, start,
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119 whence, pid)} where mode is a character representing the type of lock
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120 ('r' or 'w'). This modifier prevents a request from being granted; it
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121 is for query purposes only.
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122
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123 Format character for the \code{flags()} method have the following meaning:
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124
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125 \begin{tableiii}{|c|l|c|}{samp}{Format}{Meaning}{}
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126 \lineiii{a}{append only flag}{}
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127 \lineiii{c}{close on exec flag}{}
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128 \lineiii{n}{no delay flag (also called non-blocking flag)}{}
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129 \lineiii{s}{synchronization flag}{}
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130 \end{tableiii}
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131
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132 In addition the following modifiers can be added to the format:
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133
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134 \begin{tableiii}{|c|l|c|}{samp}{Modifier}{Meaning}{Notes}
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135 \lineiii{!}{turn the specified flags 'off', instead of the default 'on'}{(1)}
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136 \lineiii{=}{replace the flags, instead of the default 'OR' operation}{(1)}
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137 \lineiii{?}{return a string in which the characters represent the flags that
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138 are set.}{(2)}
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139 \end{tableiii}
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140
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141 Note:
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142
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143 (1) The \code{!} and \code{=} modifiers are mutually exclusive.
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144
1767
907605320a5f Lots of small corrections by Andrew Kuchling (plus all new rotor docs)
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145 (2) This string represents the flags after they may have been altered
1644
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146 by the same call.
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147
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148 Examples:
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149
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150 \bcode\begin{verbatim}
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151 from posixfile import *
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152
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153 file = open('/tmp/test', 'w')
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154 file.lock('w|')
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155 ...
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156 file.lock('u')
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157 file.close()
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158 \end{verbatim}\ecode