Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref
annotate Lib/dos_8x3/socketse.py @ 5817:48b94de85bf3 legacy-trunk
Extensive changes by AMK.
| author | Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Thu, 17 Jul 1997 16:29:42 +0000 |
| parents | 569e3af52187 |
| children | da3c7d47f210 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
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1 """Generic socket server classes. |
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2 |
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3 This module tries to capture the various aspects of defining a server: |
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4 |
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5 - address family: |
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6 - AF_INET: IP (Internet Protocol) sockets (default) |
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7 - AF_UNIX: Unix domain sockets |
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8 - others, e.g. AF_DECNET are conceivable (see <socket.h> |
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9 - socket type: |
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10 - SOCK_STREAM (reliable stream, e.g. TCP) |
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11 - SOCK_DGRAM (datagrams, e.g. UDP) |
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12 - client address verification before further looking at the request |
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13 (This is actually a hook for any processing that needs to look |
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14 at the request before anything else, e.g. logging) |
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15 - how to handle multiple requests: |
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16 - synchronous (one request is handled at a time) |
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17 - forking (each request is handled by a new process) |
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18 - threading (each request is handled by a new thread) |
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19 |
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20 The classes in this module favor the server type that is simplest to |
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21 write: a synchronous TCP/IP server. This is bad class design, but |
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22 save some typing. (There's also the issue that a deep class hierarchy |
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23 slows down method lookups.) |
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24 |
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25 There are four classes in an inheritance diagram that represent |
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26 synchronous servers of four types: |
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27 |
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28 +-----------+ +------------------+ |
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29 | TCPServer |------->| UnixStreamServer | |
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30 +-----------+ +------------------+ |
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31 | |
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32 v |
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33 +-----------+ +--------------------+ |
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34 | UDPServer |------->| UnixDatagramServer | |
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35 +-----------+ +--------------------+ |
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36 |
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37 (Note that UnixDatagramServer derives from UDPServer, not from |
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38 UnixStreamServer -- the only difference between an IP and a Unix |
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39 stream server is the address family, which is simply repeated in both |
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40 unix server classes.) |
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41 |
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42 Forking and threading versions of each type of server can be created |
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43 using the ForkingServer and ThreadingServer mix-in classes. For |
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44 instance, a threading UDP server class is created as follows: |
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45 |
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46 class ThreadingUDPServer(ThreadingMixIn, UDPServer): pass |
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47 |
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48 (The Mix-in class must come first, since it overrides a method defined |
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49 in UDPServer!) |
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50 |
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51 To implement a service, you must derive a class from |
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52 BaseRequestHandler and redefine its handle() method. You can then run |
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53 various versions of the service by combining one of the server classes |
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54 with your request handler class. |
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55 |
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56 The request handler class must be different for datagram or stream |
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57 services. This can be hidden by using the mix-in request handler |
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58 classes StreamRequestHandler or DatagramRequestHandler. |
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59 |
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60 Of course, you still have to use your head! |
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61 |
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62 For instance, it makes no sense to use a forking server if the service |
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63 contains state in memory that can be modified by requests (since the |
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64 modifications in the child process would never reach the initial state |
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65 kept in the parent process and passed to each child). In this case, |
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66 you can use a threading server, but you will probably have to use |
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67 locks to avoid two requests that come in nearly simultaneous to apply |
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68 conflicting changes to the server state. |
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69 |
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70 On the other hand, if you are building e.g. an HTTP server, where all |
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71 data is stored externally (e.g. in the file system), a synchronous |
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72 class will essentially render the service "deaf" while one request is |
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73 being handled -- which may be for a very long time if a client is slow |
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74 to reqd all the data it has requested. Here a threading or forking |
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75 server is appropriate. |
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76 |
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77 In some cases, it may be appropriate to process part of a request |
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78 synchronously, but to finish processing in a forked child depending on |
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79 the request data. This can be implemented by using a synchronous |
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80 server and doing an explicit fork in the request handler class's |
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81 handle() method. |
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82 |
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83 Another approach to handling multiple simultaneous requests in an |
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84 environment that supports neither threads nor fork (or where these are |
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85 too expensive or inappropriate for the service) is to maintain an |
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86 explicit table of partially finished requests and to use select() to |
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87 decide which request to work on next (or whether to handle a new |
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88 incoming request). This is particularly important for stream services |
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89 where each client can potentially be connected for a long time (if |
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90 threads or subprocesses can't be used). |
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91 |
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92 Future work: |
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93 - Standard classes for Sun RPC (which uses either UDP or TCP) |
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94 - Standard mix-in classes to implement various authentication |
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95 and encryption schemes |
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96 - Standard framework for select-based multiplexing |
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97 |
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98 XXX Open problems: |
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99 - What to do with out-of-band data? |
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100 |
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101 """ |
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102 |
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103 |
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104 __version__ = "0.2" |
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105 |
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106 |
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107 import socket |
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108 import sys |
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109 import os |
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110 |
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111 |
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112 class TCPServer: |
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113 |
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114 """Base class for various socket-based server classes. |
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115 |
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116 Defaults to synchronous IP stream (i.e., TCP). |
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117 |
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118 Methods for the caller: |
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119 |
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120 - __init__(server_address, RequestHandlerClass) |
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121 - serve_forever() |
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122 - handle_request() # if you don't use serve_forever() |
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123 - fileno() -> int # for select() |
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124 |
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125 Methods that may be overridden: |
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126 |
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127 - server_bind() |
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128 - server_activate() |
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129 - get_request() -> request, client_address |
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130 - verify_request(request, client_address) |
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131 - process_request(request, client_address) |
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132 - handle_error() |
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133 |
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134 Methods for derived classes: |
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135 |
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136 - finish_request(request, client_address) |
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137 |
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138 Class variables that may be overridden by derived classes or |
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139 instances: |
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140 |
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141 - address_family |
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142 - socket_type |
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143 - request_queue_size (only for stream sockets) |
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144 |
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145 Instance variables: |
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146 |
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147 - server_address |
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148 - RequestHandlerClass |
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149 - socket |
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150 |
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151 """ |
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152 |
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153 address_family = socket.AF_INET |
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154 |
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155 socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM |
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156 |
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157 request_queue_size = 5 |
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158 |
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159 def __init__(self, server_address, RequestHandlerClass): |
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160 """Constructor. May be extended, do not override.""" |
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161 self.server_address = server_address |
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162 self.RequestHandlerClass = RequestHandlerClass |
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163 self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family, |
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164 self.socket_type) |
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165 self.server_bind() |
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166 self.server_activate() |
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167 |
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168 def server_bind(self): |
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169 """Called by constructor to bind the socket. |
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170 |
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171 May be overridden. |
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172 |
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173 """ |
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174 self.socket.bind(self.server_address) |
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175 |
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176 def server_activate(self): |
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177 """Called by constructor to activate the server. |
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178 |
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179 May be overridden. |
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180 |
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181 """ |
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182 self.socket.listen(self.request_queue_size) |
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183 |
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184 def fileno(self): |
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185 """Return socket file number. |
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186 |
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187 Interface required by select(). |
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188 |
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189 """ |
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190 return self.socket.fileno() |
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191 |
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192 def serve_forever(self): |
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193 """Handle one request at a time until doomsday.""" |
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194 while 1: |
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195 self.handle_request() |
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196 |
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197 # The distinction between handling, getting, processing and |
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198 # finishing a request is fairly arbitrary. Remember: |
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199 # |
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200 # - handle_request() is the top-level call. It calls |
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201 # get_request(), verify_request() and process_request() |
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202 # - get_request() is different for stream or datagram sockets |
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203 # - process_request() is the place that may fork a new process |
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204 # or create a new thread to finish the request |
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205 # - finish_request() instantiates the request handler class; |
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206 # this constructor will handle the request all by itself |
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207 |
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208 def handle_request(self): |
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209 """Handle one request, possibly blocking.""" |
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210 request, client_address = self.get_request() |
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211 if self.verify_request(request, client_address): |
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212 try: |
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213 self.process_request(request, client_address) |
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214 except: |
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215 self.handle_error(request, client_address) |
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216 |
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217 def get_request(self): |
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218 """Get the request and client address from the socket. |
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219 |
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220 May be overridden. |
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221 |
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222 """ |
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223 return self.socket.accept() |
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224 |
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225 def verify_request(self, request, client_address): |
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226 """Verify the request. May be overridden. |
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227 |
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228 Return true if we should proceed with this request. |
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229 |
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230 """ |
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231 return 1 |
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232 |
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233 def process_request(self, request, client_address): |
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234 """Call finish_request. |
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235 |
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236 Overridden by ForkingMixIn and ThreadingMixIn. |
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237 |
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238 """ |
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239 self.finish_request(request, client_address) |
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240 |
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241 def finish_request(self, request, client_address): |
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242 """Finish one request by instantiating RequestHandlerClass.""" |
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243 self.RequestHandlerClass(request, client_address, self) |
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244 |
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245 def handle_error(self, request, client_address): |
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246 """Handle an error gracefully. May be overridden. |
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247 |
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248 The default is to print a traceback and continue. |
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249 |
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250 """ |
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251 exc, value, tb = sys.exc_type, sys.exc_value, sys.exc_traceback |
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252 print '-'*40 |
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253 print 'Exception happened during processing of request from', |
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254 print client_address |
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255 import traceback |
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256 traceback.print_exception(exc, value, tb) |
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257 print '-'*40 |
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258 |
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259 |
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260 class UDPServer(TCPServer): |
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261 |
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262 """UDP server class.""" |
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263 |
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264 socket_type = socket.SOCK_DGRAM |
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265 |
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266 max_packet_size = 8192 |
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267 |
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268 def get_request(self): |
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269 return self.socket.recvfrom(max_packet_size) |
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270 |
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271 |
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272 if hasattr(socket, 'AF_UNIX'): |
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273 |
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274 class UnixStreamServer(TCPServer): |
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275 |
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276 address_family = socket.AF_UNIX |
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277 |
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278 |
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279 class UnixDatagramServer(UDPServer): |
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280 |
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281 address_family = socket.AF_UNIX |
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282 |
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283 |
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284 class ForkingMixIn: |
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285 |
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286 """Mix-in class to handle each request in a new process.""" |
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287 |
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288 active_children = None |
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289 |
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290 def collect_children(self): |
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291 """Internal routine to wait for died children.""" |
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292 while self.active_children: |
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293 pid, status = os.waitpid(0, os.WNOHANG) |
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294 if not pid: break |
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295 self.active_children.remove(pid) |
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296 |
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297 def process_request(self, request, client_address): |
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298 """Fork a new subprocess to process the request.""" |
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299 self.collect_children() |
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300 pid = os.fork() |
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301 if pid: |
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302 # Parent process |
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303 if self.active_children is None: |
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304 self.active_children = [] |
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305 self.active_children.append(pid) |
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306 return |
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307 else: |
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308 # Child process. |
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309 # This must never return, hence os._exit()! |
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310 try: |
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311 self.finish_request(request, client_address) |
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312 os._exit(0) |
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313 except: |
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314 try: |
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315 self.handle_error(request, |
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316 client_address) |
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317 finally: |
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318 os._exit(1) |
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319 |
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320 |
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321 class ThreadingMixIn: |
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322 |
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323 """Mix-in class to handle each request in a new thread.""" |
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324 |
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325 def process_request(self, request, client_address): |
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326 """Start a new thread to process the request.""" |
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327 import thread |
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328 thread.start_new_thread(self.finish_request, |
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329 (request, client_address)) |
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330 |
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331 |
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332 class ForkingUDPServer(ForkingMixIn, UDPServer): pass |
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333 class ForkingTCPServer(ForkingMixIn, TCPServer): pass |
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334 |
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335 class ThreadingUDPServer(ThreadingMixIn, UDPServer): pass |
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336 class ThreadingTCPServer(ThreadingMixIn, TCPServer): pass |
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337 |
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338 |
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339 class BaseRequestHandler: |
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340 |
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341 """Base class for request handler classes. |
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342 |
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343 This class is instantiated for each request to be handled. The |
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344 constructor sets the instance variables request, client_address |
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345 and server, and then calls the handle() method. To implement a |
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346 specific service, all you need to do is to derive a class which |
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347 defines a handle() method. |
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348 |
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349 The handle() method can find the request as self.request, the |
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350 client address as self.client_request, and the server (in case it |
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351 needs access to per-server information) as self.server. Since a |
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352 separate instance is created for each request, the handle() method |
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353 can define arbitrary other instance variariables. |
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354 |
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355 """ |
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356 |
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357 def __init__(self, request, client_address, server): |
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358 self.request = request |
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359 self.client_address = client_address |
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360 self.server = server |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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361 try: |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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362 self.setup() |
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363 self.handle() |
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364 self.finish() |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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365 finally: |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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366 sys.exc_traceback = None # Help garbage collection |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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367 |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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368 def setup(self): |
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369 pass |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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370 |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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371 def __del__(self): |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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372 pass |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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373 |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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374 def handle(self): |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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375 pass |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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376 |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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377 def finish(self): |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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378 pass |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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379 |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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380 |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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381 # The following two classes make it possible to use the same service |
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382 # class for stream or datagram servers. |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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383 # Each class sets up these instance variables: |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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384 # - rfile: a file object from which receives the request is read |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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385 # - wfile: a file object to which the reply is written |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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386 # When the handle() method returns, wfile is flushed properly |
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b41019557b6e
Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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387 |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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388 |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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389 class StreamRequestHandler(BaseRequestHandler): |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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390 |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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391 """Define self.rfile and self.wfile for stream sockets.""" |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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392 |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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393 def setup(self): |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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394 self.connection = self.request |
| 4495 | 395 self.rfile = self.connection.makefile('rb', 0) |
|
3784
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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396 self.wfile = self.connection.makefile('wb', 0) |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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397 |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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398 def finish(self): |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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399 self.wfile.flush() |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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400 |
|
b41019557b6e
Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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401 |
|
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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402 class DatagramRequestHandler(BaseRequestHandler): |
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b41019557b6e
Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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403 |
|
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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404 """Define self.rfile and self.wfile for datagram sockets.""" |
|
b41019557b6e
Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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405 |
|
b41019557b6e
Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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406 def setup(self): |
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b41019557b6e
Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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407 import StringIO |
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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408 self.packet, self.socket = self.request |
|
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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409 self.rfile = StringIO.StringIO(self.packet) |
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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410 self.wfile = StringIO.StringIO(self.packet) |
|
b41019557b6e
Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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411 |
|
b41019557b6e
Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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412 def finish(self): |
|
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Fuck. For PC support, this must be in the distribution.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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413 self.socket.send(self.wfile.getvalue()) |
