annotate Doc/lib/libgl.tex @ 21467:4e35fa5d5708 legacy-trunk

Add documentation for the help() built-in; contributed by Ka-Ping Yee. This is part of SF patch #494622.
author Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
date Tue, 18 Dec 2001 16:31:08 +0000
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1 \section{\module{gl} ---
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2 \emph{Graphics Library} interface}
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3
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4 \declaremodule{builtin}{gl}
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5 \platform{IRIX}
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6 \modulesynopsis{Functions from the Silicon Graphics \emph{Graphics Library}.}
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7
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8
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9 This module provides access to the Silicon Graphics
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10 \emph{Graphics Library}.
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11 It is available only on Silicon Graphics machines.
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12
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13 \warning{Some illegal calls to the GL library cause the Python
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14 interpreter to dump core.
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15 In particular, the use of most GL calls is unsafe before the first
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16 window is opened.}
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17
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18 The module is too large to document here in its entirety, but the
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19 following should help you to get started.
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20 The parameter conventions for the C functions are translated to Python as
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21 follows:
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22
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23 \begin{itemize}
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24 \item
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25 All (short, long, unsigned) int values are represented by Python
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26 integers.
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27 \item
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28 All float and double values are represented by Python floating point
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29 numbers.
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30 In most cases, Python integers are also allowed.
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31 \item
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32 All arrays are represented by one-dimensional Python lists.
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33 In most cases, tuples are also allowed.
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34 \item
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35 \begin{sloppypar}
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36 All string and character arguments are represented by Python strings,
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37 for instance,
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38 \code{winopen('Hi There!')}
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39 and
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40 \code{rotate(900, 'z')}.
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41 \end{sloppypar}
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42 \item
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43 All (short, long, unsigned) integer arguments or return values that are
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44 only used to specify the length of an array argument are omitted.
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45 For example, the C call
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46
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47 \begin{verbatim}
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48 lmdef(deftype, index, np, props)
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49 \end{verbatim}
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50
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51 is translated to Python as
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52
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53 \begin{verbatim}
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54 lmdef(deftype, index, props)
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55 \end{verbatim}
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56
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57 \item
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58 Output arguments are omitted from the argument list; they are
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59 transmitted as function return values instead.
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60 If more than one value must be returned, the return value is a tuple.
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61 If the C function has both a regular return value (that is not omitted
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62 because of the previous rule) and an output argument, the return value
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63 comes first in the tuple.
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64 Examples: the C call
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65
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66 \begin{verbatim}
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67 getmcolor(i, &red, &green, &blue)
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68 \end{verbatim}
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69
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70 is translated to Python as
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71
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72 \begin{verbatim}
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73 red, green, blue = getmcolor(i)
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74 \end{verbatim}
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75
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76 \end{itemize}
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77
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78 The following functions are non-standard or have special argument
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79 conventions:
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80
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81 \begin{funcdesc}{varray}{argument}
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82 %JHXXX the argument-argument added
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83 Equivalent to but faster than a number of
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84 \code{v3d()}
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85 calls.
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86 The \var{argument} is a list (or tuple) of points.
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87 Each point must be a tuple of coordinates
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88 \code{(\var{x}, \var{y}, \var{z})} or \code{(\var{x}, \var{y})}.
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89 The points may be 2- or 3-dimensional but must all have the
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90 same dimension.
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91 Float and int values may be mixed however.
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92 The points are always converted to 3D double precision points
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93 by assuming \code{\var{z} = 0.0} if necessary (as indicated in the man page),
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94 and for each point
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95 \code{v3d()}
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96 is called.
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97 \end{funcdesc}
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98
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99 \begin{funcdesc}{nvarray}{}
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100 Equivalent to but faster than a number of
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101 \code{n3f}
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102 and
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103 \code{v3f}
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104 calls.
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105 The argument is an array (list or tuple) of pairs of normals and points.
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106 Each pair is a tuple of a point and a normal for that point.
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107 Each point or normal must be a tuple of coordinates
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108 \code{(\var{x}, \var{y}, \var{z})}.
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109 Three coordinates must be given.
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110 Float and int values may be mixed.
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111 For each pair,
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112 \code{n3f()}
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113 is called for the normal, and then
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114 \code{v3f()}
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115 is called for the point.
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116 \end{funcdesc}
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117
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118 \begin{funcdesc}{vnarray}{}
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119 Similar to
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120 \code{nvarray()}
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121 but the pairs have the point first and the normal second.
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122 \end{funcdesc}
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123
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124 \begin{funcdesc}{nurbssurface}{s_k, t_k, ctl, s_ord, t_ord, type}
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125 % XXX s_k[], t_k[], ctl[][]
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126 Defines a nurbs surface.
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127 The dimensions of
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128 \code{\var{ctl}[][]}
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129 are computed as follows:
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130 \code{[len(\var{s_k}) - \var{s_ord}]},
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131 \code{[len(\var{t_k}) - \var{t_ord}]}.
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132 \end{funcdesc}
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133
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134 \begin{funcdesc}{nurbscurve}{knots, ctlpoints, order, type}
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135 Defines a nurbs curve.
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136 The length of ctlpoints is
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137 \code{len(\var{knots}) - \var{order}}.
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138 \end{funcdesc}
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139
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140 \begin{funcdesc}{pwlcurve}{points, type}
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141 Defines a piecewise-linear curve.
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142 \var{points}
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143 is a list of points.
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144 \var{type}
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145 must be
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146 \code{N_ST}.
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147 \end{funcdesc}
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148
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149 \begin{funcdesc}{pick}{n}
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150 \funcline{select}{n}
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151 The only argument to these functions specifies the desired size of the
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152 pick or select buffer.
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153 \end{funcdesc}
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154
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155 \begin{funcdesc}{endpick}{}
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156 \funcline{endselect}{}
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157 These functions have no arguments.
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158 They return a list of integers representing the used part of the
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159 pick/select buffer.
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160 No method is provided to detect buffer overrun.
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161 \end{funcdesc}
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162
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163 Here is a tiny but complete example GL program in Python:
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164
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165 \begin{verbatim}
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166 import gl, GL, time
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167
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168 def main():
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169 gl.foreground()
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170 gl.prefposition(500, 900, 500, 900)
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171 w = gl.winopen('CrissCross')
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172 gl.ortho2(0.0, 400.0, 0.0, 400.0)
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173 gl.color(GL.WHITE)
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174 gl.clear()
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175 gl.color(GL.RED)
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176 gl.bgnline()
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177 gl.v2f(0.0, 0.0)
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178 gl.v2f(400.0, 400.0)
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179 gl.endline()
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180 gl.bgnline()
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181 gl.v2f(400.0, 0.0)
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182 gl.v2f(0.0, 400.0)
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183 gl.endline()
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184 time.sleep(5)
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185
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186 main()
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187 \end{verbatim}
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188
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189
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190 \begin{seealso}
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191 \seetitle[http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net/]
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192 {PyOpenGL: The Python OpenGL Binding}
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193 {An interface to OpenGL\index{OpenGL} is also available;
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194 see information about the
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195 \strong{PyOpenGL}\index{PyOpenGL} project online at
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196 \url{http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net/}. This may be a
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197 better option if support for SGI hardware from before
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198 about 1996 is not required.}
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199 \end{seealso}
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200
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201
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202 \section{\module{DEVICE} ---
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203 Constants used with the \module{gl} module}
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204
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205 \declaremodule{standard}{DEVICE}
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206 \platform{IRIX}
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207 \modulesynopsis{Constants used with the \module{gl} module.}
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208
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209 This modules defines the constants used by the Silicon Graphics
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210 \emph{Graphics Library} that C programmers find in the header file
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211 \code{<gl/device.h>}.
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212 Read the module source file for details.
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213
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214
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215 \section{\module{GL} ---
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216 Constants used with the \module{gl} module}
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217
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218 \declaremodule[gl-constants]{standard}{GL}
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219 \platform{IRIX}
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220 \modulesynopsis{Constants used with the \module{gl} module.}
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221
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222 This module contains constants used by the Silicon Graphics
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223 \emph{Graphics Library} from the C header file \code{<gl/gl.h>}.
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224 Read the module source file for details.