Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref

annotate Python/random.c @ 78855:5a2ef447b80d 2.7

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Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates sporadic crashes in multi-thread programs when several long deallocator chains ran concurrently and involved subclasses of built-in container types. Because of this change, a couple extension modules compiled for 2.7.4 (those which use the trashcan mechanism, despite it being undocumented) will not be loadable by 2.7.3 and earlier. However, extension modules compiled for 2.7.3 and earlier will be loadable by 2.7.4.
author Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
date Thu, 06 Sep 2012 00:59:49 +0200
parents 357e268e7c5f
children edbf37ace03c
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
75100
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1 #include "Python.h"
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2 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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3 #include <windows.h>
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4 #else
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5 #include <fcntl.h>
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6 #endif
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7
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8 #ifdef Py_DEBUG
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9 int _Py_HashSecret_Initialized = 0;
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10 #else
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11 static int _Py_HashSecret_Initialized = 0;
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12 #endif
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13
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14 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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15 typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CRYPTACQUIRECONTEXTA)(HCRYPTPROV *phProv,\
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16 LPCSTR pszContainer, LPCSTR pszProvider, DWORD dwProvType,\
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17 DWORD dwFlags );
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18 typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CRYPTGENRANDOM)(HCRYPTPROV hProv, DWORD dwLen,\
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19 BYTE *pbBuffer );
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20
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21 static CRYPTGENRANDOM pCryptGenRandom = NULL;
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22 /* This handle is never explicitly released. Instead, the operating
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23 system will release it when the process terminates. */
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24 static HCRYPTPROV hCryptProv = 0;
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25
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26 static int
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27 win32_urandom_init(int raise)
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28 {
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29 HINSTANCE hAdvAPI32 = NULL;
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30 CRYPTACQUIRECONTEXTA pCryptAcquireContext = NULL;
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31
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32 /* Obtain handle to the DLL containing CryptoAPI. This should not fail. */
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33 hAdvAPI32 = GetModuleHandle("advapi32.dll");
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34 if(hAdvAPI32 == NULL)
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35 goto error;
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36
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37 /* Obtain pointers to the CryptoAPI functions. This will fail on some early
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38 versions of Win95. */
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39 pCryptAcquireContext = (CRYPTACQUIRECONTEXTA)GetProcAddress(
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40 hAdvAPI32, "CryptAcquireContextA");
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41 if (pCryptAcquireContext == NULL)
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42 goto error;
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43
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44 pCryptGenRandom = (CRYPTGENRANDOM)GetProcAddress(hAdvAPI32,
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45 "CryptGenRandom");
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46 if (pCryptGenRandom == NULL)
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47 goto error;
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48
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49 /* Acquire context */
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50 if (! pCryptAcquireContext(&hCryptProv, NULL, NULL,
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51 PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT))
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52 goto error;
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53
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54 return 0;
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55
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56 error:
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57 if (raise)
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58 PyErr_SetFromWindowsErr(0);
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59 else
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60 Py_FatalError("Failed to initialize Windows random API (CryptoGen)");
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61 return -1;
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62 }
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63
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64 /* Fill buffer with size pseudo-random bytes generated by the Windows CryptoGen
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65 API. Return 0 on success, or -1 on error. */
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66 static int
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67 win32_urandom(unsigned char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size, int raise)
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68 {
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69 Py_ssize_t chunk;
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70
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71 if (hCryptProv == 0)
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72 {
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73 if (win32_urandom_init(raise) == -1)
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74 return -1;
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75 }
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76
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77 while (size > 0)
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78 {
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79 chunk = size > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : size;
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80 if (!pCryptGenRandom(hCryptProv, chunk, buffer))
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81 {
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82 /* CryptGenRandom() failed */
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83 if (raise)
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84 PyErr_SetFromWindowsErr(0);
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85 else
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86 Py_FatalError("Failed to initialized the randomized hash "
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87 "secret using CryptoGen)");
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88 return -1;
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89 }
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90 buffer += chunk;
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91 size -= chunk;
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92 }
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93 return 0;
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94 }
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95 #endif /* MS_WINDOWS */
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96
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97
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98 #ifdef __VMS
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99 /* Use openssl random routine */
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100 #include <openssl/rand.h>
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101 static int
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102 vms_urandom(unsigned char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size, int raise)
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103 {
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104 if (RAND_pseudo_bytes(buffer, size) < 0) {
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105 if (raise) {
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106 PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
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107 "RAND_pseudo_bytes");
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108 } else {
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109 Py_FatalError("Failed to initialize the randomized hash "
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110 "secret using RAND_pseudo_bytes");
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111 }
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
112 return -1;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
113 }
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
114 return 0;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
115 }
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
116 #endif /* __VMS */
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
117
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
118
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
119 #if !defined(MS_WINDOWS) && !defined(__VMS)
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parents:
diff changeset
120
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
121 /* Read size bytes from /dev/urandom into buffer.
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
122 Call Py_FatalError() on error. */
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
123 static void
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
124 dev_urandom_noraise(char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
125 {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
126 int fd;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
127 Py_ssize_t n;
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parents:
diff changeset
128
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
129 assert (0 < size);
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130
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131 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
132 if (fd < 0)
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
133 Py_FatalError("Failed to open /dev/urandom");
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parents:
diff changeset
134
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
135 while (0 < size)
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
136 {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
137 do {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
138 n = read(fd, buffer, (size_t)size);
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
139 } while (n < 0 && errno == EINTR);
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
140 if (n <= 0)
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
141 {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
142 /* stop on error or if read(size) returned 0 */
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
143 Py_FatalError("Failed to read bytes from /dev/urandom");
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
144 break;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
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145 }
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
146 buffer += n;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
147 size -= (Py_ssize_t)n;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
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148 }
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
149 close(fd);
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
150 }
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
151
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
152 /* Read size bytes from /dev/urandom into buffer.
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
153 Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
154 static int
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
155 dev_urandom_python(char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
156 {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
157 int fd;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
158 Py_ssize_t n;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
159
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
160 if (size <= 0)
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
161 return 0;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
162
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
163 Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
164 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
165 Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
166 if (fd < 0)
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
167 {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
168 PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_OSError, "/dev/urandom");
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
169 return -1;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
170 }
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
171
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
172 Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
173 do {
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
174 do {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
175 n = read(fd, buffer, (size_t)size);
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
176 } while (n < 0 && errno == EINTR);
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
177 if (n <= 0)
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
178 break;
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
179 buffer += n;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
180 size -= (Py_ssize_t)n;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
181 } while (0 < size);
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
182 Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
183
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
184 if (n <= 0)
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
185 {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
186 /* stop on error or if read(size) returned 0 */
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
187 if (n < 0)
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
188 PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
189 else
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
190 PyErr_Format(PyExc_RuntimeError,
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
191 "Failed to read %zi bytes from /dev/urandom",
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
192 size);
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
193 close(fd);
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
194 return -1;
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
195 }
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
196 close(fd);
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
197 return 0;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
198 }
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
199 #endif /* !defined(MS_WINDOWS) && !defined(__VMS) */
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
200
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
201 /* Fill buffer with pseudo-random bytes generated by a linear congruent
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
202 generator (LCG):
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
203
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 x(n+1) = (x(n) * 214013 + 2531011) % 2^32
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
206 Use bits 23..16 of x(n) to generate a byte. */
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
207 static void
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
208 lcg_urandom(unsigned int x0, unsigned char *buffer, size_t size)
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
209 {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
210 size_t index;
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
211 unsigned int x;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213 x = x0;
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214 for (index=0; index < size; index++) {
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
215 x *= 214013;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 x += 2531011;
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217 /* modulo 2 ^ (8 * sizeof(int)) */
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
218 buffer[index] = (x >> 16) & 0xff;
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
219 }
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
220 }
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
221
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
222 /* Fill buffer with size pseudo-random bytes, not suitable for cryptographic
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
223 use, from the operating random number generator (RNG).
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
224
6b7704fe1be1 - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
225 Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
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226 int
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227 _PyOS_URandom(void *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
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228 {
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229 if (size < 0) {
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230 PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
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231 "negative argument not allowed");
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232 return -1;
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233 }
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234 if (size == 0)
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235 return 0;
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236
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237 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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238 return win32_urandom((unsigned char *)buffer, size, 1);
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239 #else
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240 # ifdef __VMS
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241 return vms_urandom((unsigned char *)buffer, size, 1);
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242 # else
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243 return dev_urandom_python((char*)buffer, size);
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244 # endif
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245 #endif
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246 }
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247
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248 void
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249 _PyRandom_Init(void)
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250 {
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251 char *env;
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252 void *secret = &_Py_HashSecret;
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253 Py_ssize_t secret_size = sizeof(_Py_HashSecret_t);
75100
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254
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255 if (_Py_HashSecret_Initialized)
75100
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256 return;
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257 _Py_HashSecret_Initialized = 1;
75100
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258
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259 /*
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260 By default, hash randomization is disabled, and only
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261 enabled if PYTHONHASHSEED is set to non-empty or if
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262 "-R" is provided at the command line:
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263 */
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264 if (!Py_HashRandomizationFlag) {
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265 /* Disable the randomized hash: */
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266 memset(secret, 0, secret_size);
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267 return;
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268 }
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269
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270 /*
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271 Hash randomization is enabled. Generate a per-process secret,
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272 using PYTHONHASHSEED if provided.
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273 */
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274
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275 env = Py_GETENV("PYTHONHASHSEED");
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276 if (env && *env != '\0' && strcmp(env, "random") != 0) {
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277 char *endptr = env;
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278 unsigned long seed;
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279 seed = strtoul(env, &endptr, 10);
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280 if (*endptr != '\0'
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281 || seed > 4294967295UL
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282 || (errno == ERANGE && seed == ULONG_MAX))
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283 {
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284 Py_FatalError("PYTHONHASHSEED must be \"random\" or an integer "
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285 "in range [0; 4294967295]");
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286 }
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287 if (seed == 0) {
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288 /* disable the randomized hash */
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289 memset(secret, 0, secret_size);
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290 }
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291 else {
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292 lcg_urandom(seed, (unsigned char*)secret, secret_size);
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293 }
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294 }
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295 else {
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296 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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297 (void)win32_urandom((unsigned char *)secret, secret_size, 0);
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298 #else /* #ifdef MS_WINDOWS */
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299 # ifdef __VMS
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300 vms_urandom((unsigned char *)secret, secret_size, 0);
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301 # else
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302 dev_urandom_noraise((char*)secret, secret_size);
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303 # endif
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304 #endif
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305 }
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diff changeset
306 }