Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref

annotate Lib/exceptions.py @ 12357:5b59ea41db4e legacy-trunk

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Install the docs (with fewer rules). Add descriptions for the system variables.
author Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
date Mon, 10 Apr 2000 19:36:27 +0000
parents 3303a5bac6dd
children f0d2253b664f
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1 """Class based built-in exception hierarchy.
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2
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3 New with Python 1.5, all standard built-in exceptions are now class objects by
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4 default. This gives Python's exception handling mechanism a more
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5 object-oriented feel. Traditionally they were string objects. Python will
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6 fallback to string based exceptions if the interpreter is invoked with the -X
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7 option, or if some failure occurs during class exception initialization (in
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8 this case a warning will be printed).
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9
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10 Most existing code should continue to work with class based exceptions. Some
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11 tricky uses of IOError may break, but the most common uses should work.
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12
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13 Here is a rundown of the class hierarchy. You can change this by editing this
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14 file, but it isn't recommended because the old string based exceptions won't
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15 be kept in sync. The class names described here are expected to be found by
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16 the bltinmodule.c file. If you add classes here, you must modify
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17 bltinmodule.c or the exceptions won't be available in the __builtin__ module,
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18 nor will they be accessible from C.
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19
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20 The classes with a `*' are new since Python 1.5. They are defined as tuples
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21 containing the derived exceptions when string-based exceptions are used. If
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22 you define your own class based exceptions, they should be derived from
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23 Exception.
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24
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25 Exception(*)
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26 |
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27 +-- SystemExit
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28 +-- StandardError(*)
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29 |
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30 +-- KeyboardInterrupt
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31 +-- ImportError
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32 +-- EnvironmentError(*)
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33 | |
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34 | +-- IOError
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35 | +-- OSError(*)
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36 | |
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37 | +-- WindowsError(*)
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38 |
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39 +-- EOFError
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40 +-- RuntimeError
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41 | |
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42 | +-- NotImplementedError(*)
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43 |
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44 +-- NameError
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45 | |
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46 | +-- UnboundLocalError(*)
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47 |
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48 +-- AttributeError
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49 +-- SyntaxError
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50 +-- TypeError
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51 +-- AssertionError
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52 +-- LookupError(*)
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53 | |
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54 | +-- IndexError
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55 | +-- KeyError
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56 |
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57 +-- ArithmeticError(*)
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58 | |
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59 | +-- OverflowError
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60 | +-- ZeroDivisionError
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61 | +-- FloatingPointError
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62 |
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63 +-- ValueError
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64 | |
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65 | +-- UnicodeError(*)
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66 |
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67 +-- SystemError
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68 +-- MemoryError
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69 """
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70
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71 class Exception:
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72 """Proposed base class for all exceptions."""
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73 def __init__(self, *args):
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74 self.args = args
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75
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76 def __str__(self):
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77 if not self.args:
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78 return ''
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79 elif len(self.args) == 1:
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80 return str(self.args[0])
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81 else:
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82 return str(self.args)
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83
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84 def __getitem__(self, i):
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85 return self.args[i]
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86
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87 class StandardError(Exception):
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88 """Base class for all standard Python exceptions."""
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89 pass
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90
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91 class SyntaxError(StandardError):
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92 """Invalid syntax."""
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93 filename = lineno = offset = text = None
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94 msg = ""
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95 def __init__(self, *args):
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96 self.args = args
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97 if len(self.args) >= 1:
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98 self.msg = self.args[0]
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99 if len(self.args) == 2:
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100 info = self.args[1]
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101 try:
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102 self.filename, self.lineno, self.offset, self.text = info
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103 except:
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104 pass
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105 def __str__(self):
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106 return str(self.msg)
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107
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108 class EnvironmentError(StandardError):
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109 """Base class for I/O related errors."""
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110 def __init__(self, *args):
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111 self.args = args
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112 self.errno = None
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113 self.strerror = None
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114 self.filename = None
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115 if len(args) == 3:
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116 # open() errors give third argument which is the filename. BUT,
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117 # so common in-place unpacking doesn't break, e.g.:
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118 #
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119 # except IOError, (errno, strerror):
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120 #
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121 # we hack args so that it only contains two items. This also
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122 # means we need our own __str__() which prints out the filename
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123 # when it was supplied.
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124 self.errno, self.strerror, self.filename = args
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125 self.args = args[0:2]
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126 if len(args) == 2:
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127 # common case: PyErr_SetFromErrno()
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128 self.errno, self.strerror = args
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129
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130 def __str__(self):
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131 if self.filename is not None:
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132 return '[Errno %s] %s: %s' % (self.errno, self.strerror,
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133 repr(self.filename))
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134 elif self.errno and self.strerror:
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135 return '[Errno %s] %s' % (self.errno, self.strerror)
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136 else:
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137 return StandardError.__str__(self)
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138
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139 class IOError(EnvironmentError):
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140 """I/O operation failed."""
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141 pass
8571c1246f09 Added support for including the filename in IOErrors and OSErrors that
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents: 7755
diff changeset
142
8571c1246f09 Added support for including the filename in IOErrors and OSErrors that
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents: 7755
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143 class OSError(EnvironmentError):
9899
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144 """OS system call failed."""
8705
8571c1246f09 Added support for including the filename in IOErrors and OSErrors that
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parents: 7755
diff changeset
145 pass
6195
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
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146
11798
50a6ab3fa036 Added WindowsError, for Mark Hammond's extensions.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11213
diff changeset
147 class WindowsError(OSError):
50a6ab3fa036 Added WindowsError, for Mark Hammond's extensions.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11213
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148 """MS-Windows OS system call failed."""
50a6ab3fa036 Added WindowsError, for Mark Hammond's extensions.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11213
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149 pass
50a6ab3fa036 Added WindowsError, for Mark Hammond's extensions.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11213
diff changeset
150
6195
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151 class RuntimeError(StandardError):
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152 """Unspecified run-time error."""
6195
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153 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
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154
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a091185ccfb6 Added NotImplementedError, subclassed from RuntimeError
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155 class NotImplementedError(RuntimeError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
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156 """Method or function hasn't been implemented yet."""
9565
a091185ccfb6 Added NotImplementedError, subclassed from RuntimeError
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents: 9145
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157 pass
a091185ccfb6 Added NotImplementedError, subclassed from RuntimeError
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parents: 9145
diff changeset
158
6195
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159 class SystemError(StandardError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
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160 """Internal error in the Python interpreter.
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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161
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
162 Please report this to the Python maintainer, along with the traceback,
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
163 the Python version, and the hardware/OS platform and version."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
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parents:
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164 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
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165
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
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166 class EOFError(StandardError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
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167 """Read beyond end of file."""
6195
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
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168 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
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169
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
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170 class ImportError(StandardError):
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171 """Import can't find module, or can't find name in module."""
6195
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
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172 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
173
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
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174 class TypeError(StandardError):
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5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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175 """Inappropriate argument type."""
6195
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
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176 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
177
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
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178 class ValueError(StandardError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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179 """Inappropriate argument value (of correct type)."""
6195
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
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180 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
181
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
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182 class KeyboardInterrupt(StandardError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
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183 """Program interrupted by user."""
6195
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Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
184 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
185
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
186 class AssertionError(StandardError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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187 """Assertion failed."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
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188 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
189
6325
5cdc3ca053d6 NumberError => ArithmeticError
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
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diff changeset
190 class ArithmeticError(StandardError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
191 """Base class for arithmetic errors."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
192 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
193
6325
5cdc3ca053d6 NumberError => ArithmeticError
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents: 6317
diff changeset
194 class OverflowError(ArithmeticError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
195 """Result too large to be represented."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
196 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
197
6325
5cdc3ca053d6 NumberError => ArithmeticError
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents: 6317
diff changeset
198 class FloatingPointError(ArithmeticError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
199 """Floating point operation failed."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
200 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
201
6325
5cdc3ca053d6 NumberError => ArithmeticError
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents: 6317
diff changeset
202 class ZeroDivisionError(ArithmeticError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
203 """Second argument to a division or modulo operation was zero."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
206 class LookupError(StandardError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
207 """Base class for lookup errors."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
208 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
209
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
210 class IndexError(LookupError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
211 """Sequence index out of range."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214 class KeyError(LookupError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
215 """Mapping key not found."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
218 class AttributeError(StandardError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
219 """Attribute not found."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
220 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
221
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
222 class NameError(StandardError):
11030
3be935be3781 Patch by Tim Peters:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 10291
diff changeset
223 """Name not found globally."""
3be935be3781 Patch by Tim Peters:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 10291
diff changeset
224 pass
3be935be3781 Patch by Tim Peters:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 10291
diff changeset
225
3be935be3781 Patch by Tim Peters:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 10291
diff changeset
226 class UnboundLocalError(NameError):
3be935be3781 Patch by Tim Peters:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 10291
diff changeset
227 """Local name referenced but not bound to a value."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
228 pass
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
229
11986
3303a5bac6dd Marc-Andre Lemburg: Add UnicodeError, derived from ValueError.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11798
diff changeset
230 class UnicodeError(ValueError):
3303a5bac6dd Marc-Andre Lemburg: Add UnicodeError, derived from ValueError.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11798
diff changeset
231 """Unicode related error."""
3303a5bac6dd Marc-Andre Lemburg: Add UnicodeError, derived from ValueError.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11798
diff changeset
232 pass
3303a5bac6dd Marc-Andre Lemburg: Add UnicodeError, derived from ValueError.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11798
diff changeset
233
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
234 class MemoryError(StandardError):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
235 """Out of memory."""
6195
d97980e7c05f New file, which is imported by the built-in module when python is
Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
236 pass
6317
71b40cc4cc03 Two subtle changes:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6272
diff changeset
237
71b40cc4cc03 Two subtle changes:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6272
diff changeset
238 class SystemExit(Exception):
9899
5ad1a35f540c Added doc strings to the exception classes.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9565
diff changeset
239 """Request to exit from the interpreter."""
6317
71b40cc4cc03 Two subtle changes:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6272
diff changeset
240 def __init__(self, *args):
7755
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6394
diff changeset
241 self.args = args
6317
71b40cc4cc03 Two subtle changes:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6272
diff changeset
242 if len(args) == 0:
71b40cc4cc03 Two subtle changes:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6272
diff changeset
243 self.code = None
71b40cc4cc03 Two subtle changes:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6272
diff changeset
244 elif len(args) == 1:
71b40cc4cc03 Two subtle changes:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6272
diff changeset
245 self.code = args[0]
71b40cc4cc03 Two subtle changes:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6272
diff changeset
246 else:
71b40cc4cc03 Two subtle changes:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6272
diff changeset
247 self.code = args