Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref
annotate Lib/BaseHTTPServer.py @ 47949:6c1237cb5aaa legacy-trunk
Re-word
| author | Andrew M. Kuchling <amk@amk.ca> |
|---|---|
| date | Sun, 13 Jul 2008 21:43:25 +0000 |
| parents | ba1fa511b72d |
| children | 894b4acfffe4 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 2887 | 1 """HTTP server base class. |
| 2 | |
| 3 Note: the class in this module doesn't implement any HTTP request; see | |
| 4 SimpleHTTPServer for simple implementations of GET, HEAD and POST | |
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5 (including CGI scripts). It does, however, optionally implement HTTP/1.1 |
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6 persistent connections, as of version 0.3. |
| 2887 | 7 |
| 8 Contents: | |
| 9 | |
| 10 - BaseHTTPRequestHandler: HTTP request handler base class | |
| 11 - test: test function | |
| 12 | |
| 13 XXX To do: | |
| 14 | |
| 15 - log requests even later (to capture byte count) | |
| 16 - log user-agent header and other interesting goodies | |
| 17 - send error log to separate file | |
| 18 """ | |
| 19 | |
| 20 | |
| 21 # See also: | |
| 22 # | |
| 23 # HTTP Working Group T. Berners-Lee | |
| 24 # INTERNET-DRAFT R. T. Fielding | |
| 25 # <draft-ietf-http-v10-spec-00.txt> H. Frystyk Nielsen | |
| 26 # Expires September 8, 1995 March 8, 1995 | |
| 27 # | |
| 28 # URL: http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/draft-ietf-http-v10-spec-00.txt | |
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29 # |
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30 # and |
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31 # |
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32 # Network Working Group R. Fielding |
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33 # Request for Comments: 2616 et al |
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34 # Obsoletes: 2068 June 1999 |
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35 # Category: Standards Track |
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36 # |
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37 # URL: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2616.html |
| 2887 | 38 |
| 39 # Log files | |
| 40 # --------- | |
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41 # |
| 2887 | 42 # Here's a quote from the NCSA httpd docs about log file format. |
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43 # |
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44 # | The logfile format is as follows. Each line consists of: |
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45 # | |
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46 # | host rfc931 authuser [DD/Mon/YYYY:hh:mm:ss] "request" ddd bbbb |
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47 # | |
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48 # | host: Either the DNS name or the IP number of the remote client |
| 2887 | 49 # | rfc931: Any information returned by identd for this person, |
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50 # | - otherwise. |
| 2887 | 51 # | authuser: If user sent a userid for authentication, the user name, |
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52 # | - otherwise. |
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53 # | DD: Day |
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54 # | Mon: Month (calendar name) |
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55 # | YYYY: Year |
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56 # | hh: hour (24-hour format, the machine's timezone) |
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57 # | mm: minutes |
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58 # | ss: seconds |
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59 # | request: The first line of the HTTP request as sent by the client. |
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60 # | ddd: the status code returned by the server, - if not available. |
| 2887 | 61 # | bbbb: the total number of bytes sent, |
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62 # | *not including the HTTP/1.0 header*, - if not available |
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63 # | |
| 2887 | 64 # | You can determine the name of the file accessed through request. |
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65 # |
| 2887 | 66 # (Actually, the latter is only true if you know the server configuration |
| 67 # at the time the request was made!) | |
| 68 | |
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69 __version__ = "0.3" |
| 2887 | 70 |
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71 __all__ = ["HTTPServer", "BaseHTTPRequestHandler"] |
| 2887 | 72 |
| 73 import sys | |
| 74 import time | |
| 75 import socket # For gethostbyaddr() | |
| 76 import mimetools | |
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77 import SocketServer |
| 2887 | 78 |
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79 # Default error message template |
| 2887 | 80 DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE = """\ |
| 81 <head> | |
| 82 <title>Error response</title> | |
| 83 </head> | |
| 84 <body> | |
| 85 <h1>Error response</h1> | |
| 86 <p>Error code %(code)d. | |
| 87 <p>Message: %(message)s. | |
| 88 <p>Error code explanation: %(code)s = %(explain)s. | |
| 89 </body> | |
| 90 """ | |
| 91 | |
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92 DEFAULT_ERROR_CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html" |
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93 |
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94 def _quote_html(html): |
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95 return html.replace("&", "&").replace("<", "<").replace(">", ">") |
| 2887 | 96 |
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97 class HTTPServer(SocketServer.TCPServer): |
| 2887 | 98 |
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99 allow_reuse_address = 1 # Seems to make sense in testing environment |
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100 |
| 2887 | 101 def server_bind(self): |
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102 """Override server_bind to store the server name.""" |
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103 SocketServer.TCPServer.server_bind(self) |
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104 host, port = self.socket.getsockname()[:2] |
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105 self.server_name = socket.getfqdn(host) |
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106 self.server_port = port |
| 2887 | 107 |
| 108 | |
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109 class BaseHTTPRequestHandler(SocketServer.StreamRequestHandler): |
| 2887 | 110 |
| 111 """HTTP request handler base class. | |
| 112 | |
| 113 The following explanation of HTTP serves to guide you through the | |
| 114 code as well as to expose any misunderstandings I may have about | |
| 115 HTTP (so you don't need to read the code to figure out I'm wrong | |
| 116 :-). | |
| 117 | |
| 118 HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is an extensible protocol on | |
| 119 top of a reliable stream transport (e.g. TCP/IP). The protocol | |
| 120 recognizes three parts to a request: | |
| 121 | |
| 122 1. One line identifying the request type and path | |
| 123 2. An optional set of RFC-822-style headers | |
| 124 3. An optional data part | |
| 125 | |
| 126 The headers and data are separated by a blank line. | |
| 127 | |
| 128 The first line of the request has the form | |
| 129 | |
| 130 <command> <path> <version> | |
| 131 | |
| 132 where <command> is a (case-sensitive) keyword such as GET or POST, | |
| 133 <path> is a string containing path information for the request, | |
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134 and <version> should be the string "HTTP/1.0" or "HTTP/1.1". |
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135 <path> is encoded using the URL encoding scheme (using %xx to signify |
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136 the ASCII character with hex code xx). |
| 2887 | 137 |
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138 The specification specifies that lines are separated by CRLF but |
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139 for compatibility with the widest range of clients recommends |
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140 servers also handle LF. Similarly, whitespace in the request line |
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141 is treated sensibly (allowing multiple spaces between components |
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142 and allowing trailing whitespace). |
| 2887 | 143 |
| 144 Similarly, for output, lines ought to be separated by CRLF pairs | |
| 145 but most clients grok LF characters just fine. | |
| 146 | |
| 147 If the first line of the request has the form | |
| 148 | |
| 149 <command> <path> | |
| 150 | |
| 151 (i.e. <version> is left out) then this is assumed to be an HTTP | |
| 152 0.9 request; this form has no optional headers and data part and | |
| 153 the reply consists of just the data. | |
| 154 | |
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155 The reply form of the HTTP 1.x protocol again has three parts: |
| 2887 | 156 |
| 157 1. One line giving the response code | |
| 158 2. An optional set of RFC-822-style headers | |
| 159 3. The data | |
| 160 | |
| 161 Again, the headers and data are separated by a blank line. | |
| 162 | |
| 163 The response code line has the form | |
| 164 | |
| 165 <version> <responsecode> <responsestring> | |
| 166 | |
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167 where <version> is the protocol version ("HTTP/1.0" or "HTTP/1.1"), |
| 2887 | 168 <responsecode> is a 3-digit response code indicating success or |
| 169 failure of the request, and <responsestring> is an optional | |
| 170 human-readable string explaining what the response code means. | |
| 171 | |
| 172 This server parses the request and the headers, and then calls a | |
| 173 function specific to the request type (<command>). Specifically, | |
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174 a request SPAM will be handled by a method do_SPAM(). If no |
| 2887 | 175 such method exists the server sends an error response to the |
| 176 client. If it exists, it is called with no arguments: | |
| 177 | |
| 178 do_SPAM() | |
| 179 | |
| 180 Note that the request name is case sensitive (i.e. SPAM and spam | |
| 181 are different requests). | |
| 182 | |
| 183 The various request details are stored in instance variables: | |
| 184 | |
| 185 - client_address is the client IP address in the form (host, | |
| 186 port); | |
| 187 | |
| 188 - command, path and version are the broken-down request line; | |
| 189 | |
| 190 - headers is an instance of mimetools.Message (or a derived | |
| 191 class) containing the header information; | |
| 192 | |
| 193 - rfile is a file object open for reading positioned at the | |
| 194 start of the optional input data part; | |
| 195 | |
| 196 - wfile is a file object open for writing. | |
| 197 | |
| 198 IT IS IMPORTANT TO ADHERE TO THE PROTOCOL FOR WRITING! | |
| 199 | |
| 200 The first thing to be written must be the response line. Then | |
| 201 follow 0 or more header lines, then a blank line, and then the | |
| 202 actual data (if any). The meaning of the header lines depends on | |
| 203 the command executed by the server; in most cases, when data is | |
| 204 returned, there should be at least one header line of the form | |
| 205 | |
| 206 Content-type: <type>/<subtype> | |
| 207 | |
| 208 where <type> and <subtype> should be registered MIME types, | |
| 209 e.g. "text/html" or "text/plain". | |
| 210 | |
| 211 """ | |
| 212 | |
| 213 # The Python system version, truncated to its first component. | |
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214 sys_version = "Python/" + sys.version.split()[0] |
| 2887 | 215 |
| 216 # The server software version. You may want to override this. | |
| 217 # The format is multiple whitespace-separated strings, | |
| 218 # where each string is of the form name[/version]. | |
| 219 server_version = "BaseHTTP/" + __version__ | |
| 220 | |
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221 # The default request version. This only affects responses up until |
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222 # the point where the request line is parsed, so it mainly decides what |
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223 # the client gets back when sending a malformed request line. |
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224 # Most web servers default to HTTP 0.9, i.e. don't send a status line. |
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225 default_request_version = "HTTP/0.9" |
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226 |
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227 def parse_request(self): |
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228 """Parse a request (internal). |
| 2887 | 229 |
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230 The request should be stored in self.raw_requestline; the results |
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231 are in self.command, self.path, self.request_version and |
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232 self.headers. |
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233 |
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234 Return True for success, False for failure; on failure, an |
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235 error is sent back. |
| 2887 | 236 |
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237 """ |
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238 self.command = None # set in case of error on the first line |
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239 self.request_version = version = self.default_request_version |
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240 self.close_connection = 1 |
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241 requestline = self.raw_requestline |
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242 if requestline[-2:] == '\r\n': |
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243 requestline = requestline[:-2] |
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244 elif requestline[-1:] == '\n': |
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245 requestline = requestline[:-1] |
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246 self.requestline = requestline |
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247 words = requestline.split() |
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248 if len(words) == 3: |
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249 [command, path, version] = words |
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250 if version[:5] != 'HTTP/': |
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251 self.send_error(400, "Bad request version (%r)" % version) |
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252 return False |
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253 try: |
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254 base_version_number = version.split('/', 1)[1] |
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255 version_number = base_version_number.split(".") |
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256 # RFC 2145 section 3.1 says there can be only one "." and |
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257 # - major and minor numbers MUST be treated as |
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258 # separate integers; |
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259 # - HTTP/2.4 is a lower version than HTTP/2.13, which in |
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260 # turn is lower than HTTP/12.3; |
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261 # - Leading zeros MUST be ignored by recipients. |
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262 if len(version_number) != 2: |
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263 raise ValueError |
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264 version_number = int(version_number[0]), int(version_number[1]) |
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265 except (ValueError, IndexError): |
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266 self.send_error(400, "Bad request version (%r)" % version) |
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267 return False |
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268 if version_number >= (1, 1) and self.protocol_version >= "HTTP/1.1": |
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269 self.close_connection = 0 |
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270 if version_number >= (2, 0): |
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271 self.send_error(505, |
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272 "Invalid HTTP Version (%s)" % base_version_number) |
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273 return False |
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274 elif len(words) == 2: |
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275 [command, path] = words |
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276 self.close_connection = 1 |
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277 if command != 'GET': |
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278 self.send_error(400, |
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279 "Bad HTTP/0.9 request type (%r)" % command) |
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280 return False |
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281 elif not words: |
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282 return False |
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283 else: |
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284 self.send_error(400, "Bad request syntax (%r)" % requestline) |
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285 return False |
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286 self.command, self.path, self.request_version = command, path, version |
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287 |
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288 # Examine the headers and look for a Connection directive |
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289 self.headers = self.MessageClass(self.rfile, 0) |
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290 |
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291 conntype = self.headers.get('Connection', "") |
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292 if conntype.lower() == 'close': |
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293 self.close_connection = 1 |
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294 elif (conntype.lower() == 'keep-alive' and |
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295 self.protocol_version >= "HTTP/1.1"): |
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296 self.close_connection = 0 |
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297 return True |
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298 |
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299 def handle_one_request(self): |
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300 """Handle a single HTTP request. |
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301 |
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302 You normally don't need to override this method; see the class |
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303 __doc__ string for information on how to handle specific HTTP |
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304 commands such as GET and POST. |
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305 |
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306 """ |
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307 self.raw_requestline = self.rfile.readline() |
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308 if not self.raw_requestline: |
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309 self.close_connection = 1 |
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310 return |
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311 if not self.parse_request(): # An error code has been sent, just exit |
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312 return |
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313 mname = 'do_' + self.command |
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314 if not hasattr(self, mname): |
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315 self.send_error(501, "Unsupported method (%r)" % self.command) |
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316 return |
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317 method = getattr(self, mname) |
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318 method() |
| 2887 | 319 |
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320 def handle(self): |
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321 """Handle multiple requests if necessary.""" |
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322 self.close_connection = 1 |
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323 |
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324 self.handle_one_request() |
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325 while not self.close_connection: |
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326 self.handle_one_request() |
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327 |
| 2887 | 328 def send_error(self, code, message=None): |
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329 """Send and log an error reply. |
| 2887 | 330 |
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331 Arguments are the error code, and a detailed message. |
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332 The detailed message defaults to the short entry matching the |
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333 response code. |
| 2887 | 334 |
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335 This sends an error response (so it must be called before any |
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336 output has been generated), logs the error, and finally sends |
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337 a piece of HTML explaining the error to the user. |
| 2887 | 338 |
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339 """ |
| 2887 | 340 |
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341 try: |
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342 short, long = self.responses[code] |
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343 except KeyError: |
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344 short, long = '???', '???' |
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345 if message is None: |
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346 message = short |
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347 explain = long |
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348 self.log_error("code %d, message %s", code, message) |
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349 # using _quote_html to prevent Cross Site Scripting attacks (see bug #1100201) |
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350 content = (self.error_message_format % |
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351 {'code': code, 'message': _quote_html(message), 'explain': explain}) |
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352 self.send_response(code, message) |
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353 self.send_header("Content-Type", self.error_content_type) |
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354 self.send_header('Connection', 'close') |
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355 self.end_headers() |
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356 if self.command != 'HEAD' and code >= 200 and code not in (204, 304): |
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357 self.wfile.write(content) |
| 2887 | 358 |
| 359 error_message_format = DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE | |
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360 error_content_type = DEFAULT_ERROR_CONTENT_TYPE |
| 2887 | 361 |
| 362 def send_response(self, code, message=None): | |
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363 """Send the response header and log the response code. |
| 2887 | 364 |
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365 Also send two standard headers with the server software |
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366 version and the current date. |
| 2887 | 367 |
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368 """ |
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369 self.log_request(code) |
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370 if message is None: |
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371 if code in self.responses: |
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372 message = self.responses[code][0] |
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373 else: |
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374 message = '' |
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375 if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9': |
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376 self.wfile.write("%s %d %s\r\n" % |
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377 (self.protocol_version, code, message)) |
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378 # print (self.protocol_version, code, message) |
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379 self.send_header('Server', self.version_string()) |
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380 self.send_header('Date', self.date_time_string()) |
| 2887 | 381 |
| 382 def send_header(self, keyword, value): | |
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383 """Send a MIME header.""" |
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384 if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9': |
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385 self.wfile.write("%s: %s\r\n" % (keyword, value)) |
| 2887 | 386 |
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387 if keyword.lower() == 'connection': |
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388 if value.lower() == 'close': |
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389 self.close_connection = 1 |
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390 elif value.lower() == 'keep-alive': |
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391 self.close_connection = 0 |
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392 |
| 2887 | 393 def end_headers(self): |
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394 """Send the blank line ending the MIME headers.""" |
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395 if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9': |
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396 self.wfile.write("\r\n") |
| 2887 | 397 |
| 398 def log_request(self, code='-', size='-'): | |
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399 """Log an accepted request. |
| 2887 | 400 |
| 36879 | 401 This is called by send_response(). |
| 2887 | 402 |
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403 """ |
| 2887 | 404 |
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405 self.log_message('"%s" %s %s', |
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406 self.requestline, str(code), str(size)) |
| 2887 | 407 |
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408 def log_error(self, format, *args): |
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409 """Log an error. |
| 2887 | 410 |
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411 This is called when a request cannot be fulfilled. By |
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412 default it passes the message on to log_message(). |
| 2887 | 413 |
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414 Arguments are the same as for log_message(). |
| 2887 | 415 |
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416 XXX This should go to the separate error log. |
| 2887 | 417 |
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418 """ |
| 2887 | 419 |
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420 self.log_message(format, *args) |
| 2887 | 421 |
| 422 def log_message(self, format, *args): | |
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423 """Log an arbitrary message. |
| 2887 | 424 |
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425 This is used by all other logging functions. Override |
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426 it if you have specific logging wishes. |
| 2887 | 427 |
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428 The first argument, FORMAT, is a format string for the |
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429 message to be logged. If the format string contains |
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430 any % escapes requiring parameters, they should be |
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431 specified as subsequent arguments (it's just like |
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432 printf!). |
| 2887 | 433 |
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434 The client host and current date/time are prefixed to |
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435 every message. |
| 2887 | 436 |
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437 """ |
| 2887 | 438 |
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439 sys.stderr.write("%s - - [%s] %s\n" % |
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440 (self.address_string(), |
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441 self.log_date_time_string(), |
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442 format%args)) |
| 2887 | 443 |
| 444 def version_string(self): | |
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445 """Return the server software version string.""" |
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446 return self.server_version + ' ' + self.sys_version |
| 2887 | 447 |
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448 def date_time_string(self, timestamp=None): |
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449 """Return the current date and time formatted for a message header.""" |
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450 if timestamp is None: |
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451 timestamp = time.time() |
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452 year, month, day, hh, mm, ss, wd, y, z = time.gmtime(timestamp) |
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453 s = "%s, %02d %3s %4d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT" % ( |
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454 self.weekdayname[wd], |
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455 day, self.monthname[month], year, |
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456 hh, mm, ss) |
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457 return s |
| 2887 | 458 |
| 459 def log_date_time_string(self): | |
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460 """Return the current time formatted for logging.""" |
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461 now = time.time() |
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462 year, month, day, hh, mm, ss, x, y, z = time.localtime(now) |
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463 s = "%02d/%3s/%04d %02d:%02d:%02d" % ( |
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464 day, self.monthname[month], year, hh, mm, ss) |
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465 return s |
| 2887 | 466 |
| 467 weekdayname = ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun'] | |
| 468 | |
| 469 monthname = [None, | |
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470 'Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', |
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471 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'] |
| 2887 | 472 |
| 473 def address_string(self): | |
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474 """Return the client address formatted for logging. |
| 2887 | 475 |
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476 This version looks up the full hostname using gethostbyaddr(), |
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477 and tries to find a name that contains at least one dot. |
| 2887 | 478 |
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479 """ |
| 2887 | 480 |
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481 host, port = self.client_address[:2] |
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482 return socket.getfqdn(host) |
| 2887 | 483 |
| 484 # Essentially static class variables | |
| 485 | |
| 486 # The version of the HTTP protocol we support. | |
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487 # Set this to HTTP/1.1 to enable automatic keepalive |
| 2887 | 488 protocol_version = "HTTP/1.0" |
| 489 | |
| 490 # The Message-like class used to parse headers | |
| 491 MessageClass = mimetools.Message | |
| 492 | |
| 493 # Table mapping response codes to messages; entries have the | |
| 494 # form {code: (shortmessage, longmessage)}. | |
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495 # See RFC 2616. |
| 2887 | 496 responses = { |
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497 100: ('Continue', 'Request received, please continue'), |
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498 101: ('Switching Protocols', |
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499 'Switching to new protocol; obey Upgrade header'), |
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500 |
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501 200: ('OK', 'Request fulfilled, document follows'), |
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502 201: ('Created', 'Document created, URL follows'), |
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503 202: ('Accepted', |
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504 'Request accepted, processing continues off-line'), |
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505 203: ('Non-Authoritative Information', 'Request fulfilled from cache'), |
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506 204: ('No Content', 'Request fulfilled, nothing follows'), |
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507 205: ('Reset Content', 'Clear input form for further input.'), |
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508 206: ('Partial Content', 'Partial content follows.'), |
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509 |
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510 300: ('Multiple Choices', |
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511 'Object has several resources -- see URI list'), |
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512 301: ('Moved Permanently', 'Object moved permanently -- see URI list'), |
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513 302: ('Found', 'Object moved temporarily -- see URI list'), |
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514 303: ('See Other', 'Object moved -- see Method and URL list'), |
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515 304: ('Not Modified', |
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516 'Document has not changed since given time'), |
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517 305: ('Use Proxy', |
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518 'You must use proxy specified in Location to access this ' |
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519 'resource.'), |
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520 307: ('Temporary Redirect', |
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521 'Object moved temporarily -- see URI list'), |
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522 |
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523 400: ('Bad Request', |
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524 'Bad request syntax or unsupported method'), |
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525 401: ('Unauthorized', |
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526 'No permission -- see authorization schemes'), |
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527 402: ('Payment Required', |
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528 'No payment -- see charging schemes'), |
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529 403: ('Forbidden', |
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530 'Request forbidden -- authorization will not help'), |
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531 404: ('Not Found', 'Nothing matches the given URI'), |
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532 405: ('Method Not Allowed', |
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533 'Specified method is invalid for this server.'), |
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534 406: ('Not Acceptable', 'URI not available in preferred format.'), |
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535 407: ('Proxy Authentication Required', 'You must authenticate with ' |
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536 'this proxy before proceeding.'), |
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537 408: ('Request Timeout', 'Request timed out; try again later.'), |
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538 409: ('Conflict', 'Request conflict.'), |
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539 410: ('Gone', |
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540 'URI no longer exists and has been permanently removed.'), |
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541 411: ('Length Required', 'Client must specify Content-Length.'), |
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542 412: ('Precondition Failed', 'Precondition in headers is false.'), |
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543 413: ('Request Entity Too Large', 'Entity is too large.'), |
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544 414: ('Request-URI Too Long', 'URI is too long.'), |
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545 415: ('Unsupported Media Type', 'Entity body in unsupported format.'), |
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546 416: ('Requested Range Not Satisfiable', |
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547 'Cannot satisfy request range.'), |
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548 417: ('Expectation Failed', |
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549 'Expect condition could not be satisfied.'), |
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550 |
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551 500: ('Internal Server Error', 'Server got itself in trouble'), |
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552 501: ('Not Implemented', |
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553 'Server does not support this operation'), |
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554 502: ('Bad Gateway', 'Invalid responses from another server/proxy.'), |
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555 503: ('Service Unavailable', |
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556 'The server cannot process the request due to a high load'), |
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557 504: ('Gateway Timeout', |
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558 'The gateway server did not receive a timely response'), |
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559 505: ('HTTP Version Not Supported', 'Cannot fulfill request.'), |
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560 } |
| 2887 | 561 |
| 562 | |
| 563 def test(HandlerClass = BaseHTTPRequestHandler, | |
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564 ServerClass = HTTPServer, protocol="HTTP/1.0"): |
| 2887 | 565 """Test the HTTP request handler class. |
| 566 | |
| 567 This runs an HTTP server on port 8000 (or the first command line | |
| 568 argument). | |
| 569 | |
| 570 """ | |
| 571 | |
| 572 if sys.argv[1:]: | |
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573 port = int(sys.argv[1]) |
| 2887 | 574 else: |
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575 port = 8000 |
| 2887 | 576 server_address = ('', port) |
| 577 | |
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578 HandlerClass.protocol_version = protocol |
| 2887 | 579 httpd = ServerClass(server_address, HandlerClass) |
| 580 | |
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581 sa = httpd.socket.getsockname() |
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582 print "Serving HTTP on", sa[0], "port", sa[1], "..." |
| 2887 | 583 httpd.serve_forever() |
| 584 | |
| 585 | |
| 586 if __name__ == '__main__': | |
| 587 test() |