Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref
annotate Doc/packaging/commandref.rst @ 73798:6cde416ef03b
Credit Per Øyvind Karlsen for the initial implementation of the lzma module (issue #6715).
| author | Nadeem Vawda <nadeem.vawda@gmail.com> |
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| date | Thu, 01 Dec 2011 01:18:27 +0200 |
| parents | dad02a080bbc |
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| rev | line source |
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1 .. _packaging-command-reference: |
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2 |
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3 ***************** |
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4 Command Reference |
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5 ***************** |
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6 |
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7 This reference briefly documents all standard Packaging commands and some of |
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8 their options. |
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9 |
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10 .. FIXME does not work: Use pysetup run --help-commands to list all |
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11 standard and extra commands availavble on your system, with their |
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12 description. Use pysetup run <command> --help to get help about the options |
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13 of one command. |
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14 |
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15 .. XXX sections from this document should be merged with other docs (e.g. check |
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16 and upload with uploading.rst, install_* with install/install.rst, etc.); |
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17 there is no value in partially duplicating information. this file could |
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18 however serve as an index, i.e. just a list of all commands with links to |
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19 every section that describes options or usage |
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20 |
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21 |
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22 Preparing distributions |
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23 ======================= |
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24 |
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25 :command:`check` |
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26 ---------------- |
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27 |
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28 Perform some tests on the metadata of a distribution. |
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29 |
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30 For example, it verifies that all required metadata fields are provided in the |
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31 :file:`setup.cfg` file. |
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32 |
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33 .. TODO document reST checks |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 :command:`test` |
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37 --------------- |
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38 |
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39 Run a test suite. |
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40 |
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41 When doing test-driven development, or running automated builds that need |
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42 testing before they are installed for downloading or use, it's often useful to |
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43 be able to run a project's unit tests without actually installing the project |
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44 anywhere. The :command:`test` command runs project's unit tests without |
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45 actually installing it, by temporarily putting the project's source on |
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46 :data:`sys.path`, after first running :command:`build_ext -i` to ensure that any |
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47 C extensions are built. |
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48 |
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49 You can use this command in one of two ways: either by specifying a |
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50 unittest-compatible test suite for your project (or any callable that returns |
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51 it) or by passing a test runner function that will run your tests and display |
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52 results in the console. Both options take a Python dotted name in the form |
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53 ``package.module.callable`` to specify the object to use. |
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54 |
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55 If none of these options are specified, Packaging will try to perform test |
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56 discovery using either unittest (for Python 3.2 and higher) or unittest2 (for |
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57 older versions, if installed). |
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58 |
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59 .. this is a pseudo-command name used to disambiguate the options in indexes and |
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60 links |
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61 .. program:: packaging test |
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62 |
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63 .. cmdoption:: --suite=NAME, -s NAME |
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64 |
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65 Specify the test suite (or module, class, or method) to be run. The default |
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66 for this option can be set by in the project's :file:`setup.cfg` file: |
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67 |
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68 .. code-block:: cfg |
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69 |
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70 [test] |
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71 suite = mypackage.tests.get_all_tests |
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72 |
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73 .. cmdoption:: --runner=NAME, -r NAME |
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74 |
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75 Specify the test runner to be called. |
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76 |
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77 |
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78 :command:`config` |
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79 ----------------- |
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80 |
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81 Perform distribution configuration. |
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82 |
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83 |
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84 The build step |
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85 ============== |
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86 |
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87 This step is mainly useful to compile C/C++ libraries or extension modules. The |
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88 build commands can be run manually to check for syntax errors or packaging |
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89 issues (for example if the addition of a new source file was forgotten in the |
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90 :file:`setup.cfg` file), and is also run automatically by commands which need |
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91 it. Packaging checks the mtime of source and built files to avoid re-building |
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92 if it's not necessary. |
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93 |
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94 |
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95 :command:`build` |
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96 ---------------- |
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97 |
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98 Build all files of a distribution, delegating to the other :command:`build_*` |
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99 commands to do the work. |
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100 |
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101 |
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102 :command:`build_clib` |
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103 --------------------- |
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104 |
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105 Build C libraries. |
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106 |
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107 |
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108 :command:`build_ext` |
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109 -------------------- |
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110 |
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111 Build C/C++ extension modules. |
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112 |
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113 |
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114 :command:`build_py` |
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115 ------------------- |
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116 |
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117 Build the Python modules (just copy them to the build directory) and |
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118 :term:`byte-compile <bytecode>` them to :file:`.pyc` and/or :file:`.pyo` files. |
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119 |
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120 The byte compilation is controlled by two sets of options: |
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121 |
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122 - ``--compile`` and ``--no-compile`` are used to control the creation of |
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123 :file:`.pyc` files; the default is ``--no-compile``. |
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124 |
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125 - ``--optimize N`` (or ``-ON``) is used to control the creation of :file:`.pyo` |
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126 files: ``-O1`` turns on basic optimizations, ``-O2`` also discards docstrings, |
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127 ``-O0`` does not create :file:`.pyo` files; the default is ``-O0``. |
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128 |
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129 You can mix and match these options: for example, ``--no-compile --optimize 2`` |
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130 will create :file:`.pyo` files but no :file:`.pyc` files. |
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131 |
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132 .. XXX these option roles do not work |
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133 |
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134 Calling Python with :option:`-O` or :option:`-B` does not control the creation |
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135 of bytecode files, only the options described above do. |
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136 |
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137 |
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138 :command:`build_scripts` |
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139 ------------------------ |
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140 Build the scripts (just copy them to the build directory and adjust their |
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141 shebang if they're Python scripts). |
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142 |
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143 |
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144 :command:`clean` |
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145 ---------------- |
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146 |
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147 Clean the build tree of the release. |
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148 |
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149 .. program:: packaging clean |
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150 |
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151 .. cmdoption:: --all, -a |
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152 |
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153 Remove build directories for modules, scripts, etc., not only temporary build |
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154 by-products. |
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155 |
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156 |
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157 Creating source and built distributions |
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158 ======================================= |
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159 |
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160 :command:`sdist` |
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161 ---------------- |
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162 |
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163 Build a source distribution for a release. |
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164 |
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165 It is recommended that you always build and upload a source distribution. Users |
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166 of OSes with easy access to compilers and users of advanced packaging tools will |
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167 prefer to compile from source rather than using pre-built distributions. For |
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168 Windows users, providing a binary installer is also recommended practice. |
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169 |
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170 |
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171 :command:`bdist` |
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172 ---------------- |
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173 |
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174 Build a binary distribution for a release. |
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175 |
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176 This command will call other :command:`bdist_*` commands to create one or more |
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177 distributions depending on the options given. The default is to create a |
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178 .tar.gz archive on Unix and a zip archive on Windows or OS/2. |
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179 |
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180 .. program:: packaging bdist |
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181 |
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182 .. cmdoption:: --formats |
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183 |
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184 Binary formats to build (comma-separated list). |
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185 |
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186 .. cmdoption:: --show-formats |
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187 |
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188 Dump list of available formats. |
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189 |
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190 |
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191 :command:`bdist_dumb` |
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192 --------------------- |
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193 |
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194 Build a "dumb" installer, a simple archive of files that could be unpacked under |
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195 ``$prefix`` or ``$exec_prefix``. |
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196 |
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197 |
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198 :command:`bdist_wininst` |
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199 ------------------------ |
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200 |
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201 Build a Windows installer. |
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202 |
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203 |
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204 :command:`bdist_msi` |
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205 -------------------- |
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206 |
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207 Build a `Microsoft Installer`_ (.msi) file. |
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208 |
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209 .. _Microsoft Installer: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc185688(VS.85).aspx |
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210 |
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211 In most cases, the :command:`bdist_msi` installer is a better choice than the |
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212 :command:`bdist_wininst` installer, because it provides better support for Win64 |
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213 platforms, allows administrators to perform non-interactive installations, and |
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214 allows installation through group policies. |
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215 |
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216 |
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217 Publishing distributions |
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218 ======================== |
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219 |
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220 :command:`register` |
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221 ------------------- |
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222 |
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223 This command registers the current release with the Python Package Index. This |
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224 is described in more detail in :PEP:`301`. |
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225 |
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226 .. TODO explain user and project registration with the web UI |
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227 |
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228 |
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229 :command:`upload` |
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230 ----------------- |
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231 |
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232 Upload source and/or binary distributions to PyPI. |
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233 |
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234 The distributions have to be built on the same command line as the |
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235 :command:`upload` command; see :ref:`packaging-package-upload` for more info. |
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236 |
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237 .. program:: packaging upload |
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238 |
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239 .. cmdoption:: --sign, -s |
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240 |
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241 Sign each uploaded file using GPG (GNU Privacy Guard). The ``gpg`` program |
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242 must be available for execution on the system ``PATH``. |
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243 |
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244 .. cmdoption:: --identity=NAME, -i NAME |
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245 |
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246 Specify the identity or key name for GPG to use when signing. The value of |
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247 this option will be passed through the ``--local-user`` option of the |
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248 ``gpg`` program. |
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249 |
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250 .. cmdoption:: --show-response |
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251 |
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252 Display the full response text from server; this is useful for debugging |
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253 PyPI problems. |
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254 |
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255 .. cmdoption:: --repository=URL, -r URL |
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256 |
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257 The URL of the repository to upload to. Defaults to |
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258 http://pypi.python.org/pypi (i.e., the main PyPI installation). |
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259 |
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260 .. cmdoption:: --upload-docs |
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261 |
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262 Also run :command:`upload_docs`. Mainly useful as a default value in |
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263 :file:`setup.cfg` (on the command line, it's shorter to just type both |
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264 commands). |
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265 |
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266 |
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267 :command:`upload_docs` |
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268 ---------------------- |
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269 |
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270 Upload HTML documentation to PyPI. |
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271 |
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272 PyPI now supports publishing project documentation at a URI of the form |
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273 ``http://packages.python.org/<project>``. :command:`upload_docs` will create |
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274 the necessary zip file out of a documentation directory and will post to the |
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275 repository. |
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276 |
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277 Note that to upload the documentation of a project, the corresponding version |
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278 must already be registered with PyPI, using the :command:`register` command --- |
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279 just like with :command:`upload`. |
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280 |
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281 Assuming there is an ``Example`` project with documentation in the subdirectory |
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282 :file:`docs`, for example:: |
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283 |
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284 Example/ |
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285 example.py |
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286 setup.cfg |
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287 docs/ |
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288 build/ |
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289 html/ |
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290 index.html |
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291 tips_tricks.html |
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292 conf.py |
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293 index.txt |
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294 tips_tricks.txt |
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295 |
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296 You can simply specify the directory with the HTML files in your |
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297 :file:`setup.cfg` file: |
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298 |
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299 .. code-block:: cfg |
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300 |
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301 [upload_docs] |
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302 upload-dir = docs/build/html |
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303 |
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304 |
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305 .. program:: packaging upload_docs |
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306 |
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307 .. cmdoption:: --upload-dir |
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308 |
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309 The directory to be uploaded to the repository. By default documentation |
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310 is searched for in ``docs`` (or ``doc``) directory in project root. |
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311 |
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312 .. cmdoption:: --show-response |
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313 |
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314 Display the full response text from server; this is useful for debugging |
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315 PyPI problems. |
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316 |
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317 .. cmdoption:: --repository=URL, -r URL |
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318 |
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319 The URL of the repository to upload to. Defaults to |
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320 http://pypi.python.org/pypi (i.e., the main PyPI installation). |
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321 |
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322 |
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323 The install step |
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324 ================ |
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325 |
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326 These commands are used by end-users of a project using :program:`pysetup` or |
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327 another compatible installer. Each command will run the corresponding |
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328 :command:`build_*` command and then move the built files to their destination on |
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329 the target system. |
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330 |
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331 |
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332 :command:`install_dist` |
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333 ----------------------- |
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334 |
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335 Install a distribution, delegating to the other :command:`install_*` commands to |
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336 do the work. See :ref:`packaging-how-install-works` for complete usage |
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337 instructions. |
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338 |
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339 |
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340 :command:`install_data` |
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341 ----------------------- |
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342 |
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343 Install data files. |
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344 |
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345 |
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346 :command:`install_distinfo` |
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347 --------------------------- |
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348 |
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349 Install files recording details of the installation as specified in :PEP:`376`. |
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350 |
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351 |
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352 :command:`install_headers` |
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353 -------------------------- |
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354 |
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355 Install C/C++ header files. |
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356 |
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357 |
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358 :command:`install_lib` |
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359 ---------------------- |
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360 |
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361 Install all modules (extensions and pure Python). |
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362 |
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363 .. XXX what about C libraries created with build_clib? |
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364 |
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365 Similarly to ``build_py``, there are options to control the compilation of |
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366 Python code to :term:`bytecode` files (see above). By default, :file:`.pyc` |
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367 files will be created (``--compile``) and :file:`.pyo` files will not |
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368 (``--optimize 0``). |
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369 |
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370 |
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371 :command:`install_scripts` |
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372 -------------------------- |
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373 |
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374 Install scripts. |
