Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref

annotate Lib/getopt.py @ 25838:8540887bcec6 2.2

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Backport of 2.183: Fix memory leak in add_subclass() found by NealN with valgrind.
author Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
date Fri, 18 Oct 2002 13:42:21 +0000
parents 5ab9a65e2346
children a9dd5e6d6805
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1 """Parser for command line options.
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2
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3 This module helps scripts to parse the command line arguments in
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4 sys.argv. It supports the same conventions as the Unix getopt()
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5 function (including the special meanings of arguments of the form `-'
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6 and `--'). Long options similar to those supported by GNU software
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7 may be used as well via an optional third argument. This module
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8 provides a single function and an exception:
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9
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10 getopt() -- Parse command line options
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11 GetoptError -- exception (class) raised with 'opt' attribute, which is the
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12 option involved with the exception.
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13 """
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14
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15 # Long option support added by Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>.
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16
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17 # Gerrit Holl <gerrit@nl.linux.org> moved the string-based exceptions
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18 # to class-based exceptions.
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19
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20 __all__ = ["GetoptError","error","getopt"]
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21
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22 class GetoptError(Exception):
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23 opt = ''
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24 msg = ''
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25 def __init__(self, msg, opt):
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26 self.msg = msg
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27 self.opt = opt
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28 Exception.__init__(self, msg, opt)
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29
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30 def __str__(self):
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31 return self.msg
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32
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33 error = GetoptError # backward compatibility
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34
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35 def getopt(args, shortopts, longopts = []):
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36 """getopt(args, options[, long_options]) -> opts, args
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37
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38 Parses command line options and parameter list. args is the
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39 argument list to be parsed, without the leading reference to the
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40 running program. Typically, this means "sys.argv[1:]". shortopts
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41 is the string of option letters that the script wants to
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42 recognize, with options that require an argument followed by a
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43 colon (i.e., the same format that Unix getopt() uses). If
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44 specified, longopts is a list of strings with the names of the
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45 long options which should be supported. The leading '--'
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46 characters should not be included in the option name. Options
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47 which require an argument should be followed by an equal sign
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48 ('=').
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49
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50 The return value consists of two elements: the first is a list of
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51 (option, value) pairs; the second is the list of program arguments
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52 left after the option list was stripped (this is a trailing slice
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53 of the first argument). Each option-and-value pair returned has
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54 the option as its first element, prefixed with a hyphen (e.g.,
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55 '-x'), and the option argument as its second element, or an empty
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56 string if the option has no argument. The options occur in the
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57 list in the same order in which they were found, thus allowing
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58 multiple occurrences. Long and short options may be mixed.
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59
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60 """
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61
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62 opts = []
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63 if type(longopts) == type(""):
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64 longopts = [longopts]
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65 else:
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66 longopts = list(longopts)
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67 while args and args[0].startswith('-') and args[0] != '-':
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68 if args[0] == '--':
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69 args = args[1:]
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70 break
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71 if args[0].startswith('--'):
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72 opts, args = do_longs(opts, args[0][2:], longopts, args[1:])
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73 else:
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74 opts, args = do_shorts(opts, args[0][1:], shortopts, args[1:])
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75
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76 return opts, args
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77
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78 def do_longs(opts, opt, longopts, args):
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79 try:
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80 i = opt.index('=')
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81 except ValueError:
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82 optarg = None
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83 else:
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84 opt, optarg = opt[:i], opt[i+1:]
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85
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86 has_arg, opt = long_has_args(opt, longopts)
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87 if has_arg:
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88 if optarg is None:
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89 if not args:
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90 raise GetoptError('option --%s requires argument' % opt, opt)
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91 optarg, args = args[0], args[1:]
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92 elif optarg:
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93 raise GetoptError('option --%s must not have an argument' % opt, opt)
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94 opts.append(('--' + opt, optarg or ''))
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95 return opts, args
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96
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97 # Return:
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98 # has_arg?
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99 # full option name
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100 def long_has_args(opt, longopts):
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101 possibilities = [o for o in longopts if o.startswith(opt)]
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102 if not possibilities:
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103 raise GetoptError('option --%s not recognized' % opt, opt)
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104 # Is there an exact match?
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105 if opt in possibilities:
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106 return 0, opt
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107 elif opt + '=' in possibilities:
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108 return 1, opt
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109 # No exact match, so better be unique.
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110 if len(possibilities) > 1:
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111 # XXX since possibilities contains all valid continuations, might be
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112 # nice to work them into the error msg
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113 raise GetoptError('option --%s not a unique prefix' % opt, opt)
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114 assert len(possibilities) == 1
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115 unique_match = possibilities[0]
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116 has_arg = unique_match.endswith('=')
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117 if has_arg:
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118 unique_match = unique_match[:-1]
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119 return has_arg, unique_match
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120
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121 def do_shorts(opts, optstring, shortopts, args):
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122 while optstring != '':
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123 opt, optstring = optstring[0], optstring[1:]
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124 if short_has_arg(opt, shortopts):
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125 if optstring == '':
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126 if not args:
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127 raise GetoptError('option -%s requires argument' % opt,
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128 opt)
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129 optstring, args = args[0], args[1:]
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130 optarg, optstring = optstring, ''
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131 else:
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132 optarg = ''
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133 opts.append(('-' + opt, optarg))
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134 return opts, args
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135
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136 def short_has_arg(opt, shortopts):
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56909781a741 Layout and cleanup by Fred
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 4251
diff changeset
137 for i in range(len(shortopts)):
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fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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138 if opt == shortopts[i] != ':':
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5ab9a65e2346 Wrapped a long line.
Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents: 16072
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139 return shortopts.startswith(':', i+1)
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bb1f43f25ce0 Contribution from Gerrit Holl:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 9489
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140 raise GetoptError('option -%s not recognized' % opt, opt)
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ac3fbb6771f5 Rewritten by Lars Wizenius to add long options
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 564
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141
ac3fbb6771f5 Rewritten by Lars Wizenius to add long options
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 564
diff changeset
142 if __name__ == '__main__':
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 4251
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143 import sys
56909781a741 Layout and cleanup by Fred
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 4251
diff changeset
144 print getopt(sys.argv[1:], "a:b", ["alpha=", "beta"])