annotate Include/object.h @ 74135:9c19df6c8ea0 3.2

News entry for Issue12798
author Senthil Kumaran <senthil@uthcode.com>
date Fri, 23 Dec 2011 11:11:21 +0800
parents c2a89b509be4
children 4a31f6b11e7a c72063032a7a
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1 #ifndef Py_OBJECT_H
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2 #define Py_OBJECT_H
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3 #ifdef __cplusplus
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4 extern "C" {
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5 #endif
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6
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7
6
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8 /* Object and type object interface */
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9
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10 /*
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11 Objects are structures allocated on the heap. Special rules apply to
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12 the use of objects to ensure they are properly garbage-collected.
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13 Objects are never allocated statically or on the stack; they must be
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14 accessed through special macros and functions only. (Type objects are
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15 exceptions to the first rule; the standard types are represented by
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16 statically initialized type objects, although work on type/class unification
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17 for Python 2.2 made it possible to have heap-allocated type objects too).
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18
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19 An object has a 'reference count' that is increased or decreased when a
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20 pointer to the object is copied or deleted; when the reference count
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21 reaches zero there are no references to the object left and it can be
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22 removed from the heap.
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23
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24 An object has a 'type' that determines what it represents and what kind
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25 of data it contains. An object's type is fixed when it is created.
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26 Types themselves are represented as objects; an object contains a
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27 pointer to the corresponding type object. The type itself has a type
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28 pointer pointing to the object representing the type 'type', which
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29 contains a pointer to itself!).
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30
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31 Objects do not float around in memory; once allocated an object keeps
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32 the same size and address. Objects that must hold variable-size data
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33 can contain pointers to variable-size parts of the object. Not all
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34 objects of the same type have the same size; but the size cannot change
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35 after allocation. (These restrictions are made so a reference to an
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36 object can be simply a pointer -- moving an object would require
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37 updating all the pointers, and changing an object's size would require
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38 moving it if there was another object right next to it.)
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39
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40 Objects are always accessed through pointers of the type 'PyObject *'.
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41 The type 'PyObject' is a structure that only contains the reference count
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42 and the type pointer. The actual memory allocated for an object
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43 contains other data that can only be accessed after casting the pointer
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44 to a pointer to a longer structure type. This longer type must start
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45 with the reference count and type fields; the macro PyObject_HEAD should be
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46 used for this (to accommodate for future changes). The implementation
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47 of a particular object type can cast the object pointer to the proper
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48 type and back.
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49
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50 A standard interface exists for objects that contain an array of items
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51 whose size is determined when the object is allocated.
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52 */
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53
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54 /* Py_DEBUG implies Py_TRACE_REFS. */
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55 #if defined(Py_DEBUG) && !defined(Py_TRACE_REFS)
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56 #define Py_TRACE_REFS
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57 #endif
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58
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59 /* Py_TRACE_REFS implies Py_REF_DEBUG. */
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60 #if defined(Py_TRACE_REFS) && !defined(Py_REF_DEBUG)
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61 #define Py_REF_DEBUG
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62 #endif
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63
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64 #if defined(Py_LIMITED_API) && defined(Py_REF_DEBUG)
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65 #error Py_LIMITED_API is incompatible with Py_DEBUG, Py_TRACE_REFS, and Py_REF_DEBUG
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66 #endif
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67
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68 #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS
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69 /* Define pointers to support a doubly-linked list of all live heap objects. */
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70 #define _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA \
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71 struct _object *_ob_next; \
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72 struct _object *_ob_prev;
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73
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74 #define _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT 0, 0,
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75
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76 #else
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77 #define _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA
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78 #define _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT
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79 #endif
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80
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81 /* PyObject_HEAD defines the initial segment of every PyObject. */
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82 #define PyObject_HEAD PyObject ob_base;
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83
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84 #define PyObject_HEAD_INIT(type) \
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85 { _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT \
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86 1, type },
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87
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88 #define PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(type, size) \
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89 { PyObject_HEAD_INIT(type) size },
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90
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91 /* PyObject_VAR_HEAD defines the initial segment of all variable-size
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92 * container objects. These end with a declaration of an array with 1
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93 * element, but enough space is malloc'ed so that the array actually
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94 * has room for ob_size elements. Note that ob_size is an element count,
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95 * not necessarily a byte count.
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96 */
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97 #define PyObject_VAR_HEAD PyVarObject ob_base;
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98 #define Py_INVALID_SIZE (Py_ssize_t)-1
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99
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100 /* Nothing is actually declared to be a PyObject, but every pointer to
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101 * a Python object can be cast to a PyObject*. This is inheritance built
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102 * by hand. Similarly every pointer to a variable-size Python object can,
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103 * in addition, be cast to PyVarObject*.
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104 */
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105 typedef struct _object {
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106 _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA
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107 Py_ssize_t ob_refcnt;
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108 struct _typeobject *ob_type;
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109 } PyObject;
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110
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111 typedef struct {
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112 PyObject ob_base;
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113 Py_ssize_t ob_size; /* Number of items in variable part */
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114 } PyVarObject;
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115
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116 #define Py_REFCNT(ob) (((PyObject*)(ob))->ob_refcnt)
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117 #define Py_TYPE(ob) (((PyObject*)(ob))->ob_type)
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118 #define Py_SIZE(ob) (((PyVarObject*)(ob))->ob_size)
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119
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120 /*
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121 Type objects contain a string containing the type name (to help somewhat
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122 in debugging), the allocation parameters (see PyObject_New() and
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123 PyObject_NewVar()),
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124 and methods for accessing objects of the type. Methods are optional, a
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125 nil pointer meaning that particular kind of access is not available for
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126 this type. The Py_DECREF() macro uses the tp_dealloc method without
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127 checking for a nil pointer; it should always be implemented except if
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128 the implementation can guarantee that the reference count will never
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129 reach zero (e.g., for statically allocated type objects).
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130
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131 NB: the methods for certain type groups are now contained in separate
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132 method blocks.
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133 */
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134
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135 typedef PyObject * (*unaryfunc)(PyObject *);
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136 typedef PyObject * (*binaryfunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);
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137 typedef PyObject * (*ternaryfunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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138 typedef int (*inquiry)(PyObject *);
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139 typedef Py_ssize_t (*lenfunc)(PyObject *);
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140 typedef PyObject *(*ssizeargfunc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t);
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141 typedef PyObject *(*ssizessizeargfunc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, Py_ssize_t);
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142 typedef int(*ssizeobjargproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, PyObject *);
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143 typedef int(*ssizessizeobjargproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, Py_ssize_t, PyObject *);
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144 typedef int(*objobjargproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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145
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146 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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147 /* buffer interface */
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148 typedef struct bufferinfo {
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149 void *buf;
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150 PyObject *obj; /* owned reference */
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151 Py_ssize_t len;
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152 Py_ssize_t itemsize; /* This is Py_ssize_t so it can be
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153 pointed to by strides in simple case.*/
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154 int readonly;
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155 int ndim;
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156 char *format;
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157 Py_ssize_t *shape;
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158 Py_ssize_t *strides;
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159 Py_ssize_t *suboffsets;
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160 Py_ssize_t smalltable[2]; /* static store for shape and strides of
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161 mono-dimensional buffers. */
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162 void *internal;
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163 } Py_buffer;
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164
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165 typedef int (*getbufferproc)(PyObject *, Py_buffer *, int);
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166 typedef void (*releasebufferproc)(PyObject *, Py_buffer *);
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167
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168 /* Flags for getting buffers */
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169 #define PyBUF_SIMPLE 0
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170 #define PyBUF_WRITABLE 0x0001
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171 /* we used to include an E, backwards compatible alias */
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172 #define PyBUF_WRITEABLE PyBUF_WRITABLE
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173 #define PyBUF_FORMAT 0x0004
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174 #define PyBUF_ND 0x0008
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175 #define PyBUF_STRIDES (0x0010 | PyBUF_ND)
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176 #define PyBUF_C_CONTIGUOUS (0x0020 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
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177 #define PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS (0x0040 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
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178 #define PyBUF_ANY_CONTIGUOUS (0x0080 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
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179 #define PyBUF_INDIRECT (0x0100 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
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180
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181 #define PyBUF_CONTIG (PyBUF_ND | PyBUF_WRITABLE)
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182 #define PyBUF_CONTIG_RO (PyBUF_ND)
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183
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184 #define PyBUF_STRIDED (PyBUF_STRIDES | PyBUF_WRITABLE)
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185 #define PyBUF_STRIDED_RO (PyBUF_STRIDES)
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186
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187 #define PyBUF_RECORDS (PyBUF_STRIDES | PyBUF_WRITABLE | PyBUF_FORMAT)
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188 #define PyBUF_RECORDS_RO (PyBUF_STRIDES | PyBUF_FORMAT)
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189
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190 #define PyBUF_FULL (PyBUF_INDIRECT | PyBUF_WRITABLE | PyBUF_FORMAT)
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191 #define PyBUF_FULL_RO (PyBUF_INDIRECT | PyBUF_FORMAT)
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192
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193
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194 #define PyBUF_READ 0x100
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195 #define PyBUF_WRITE 0x200
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196
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197 /* End buffer interface */
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198 #endif /* Py_LIMITED_API */
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199
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200 typedef int (*objobjproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);
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201 typedef int (*visitproc)(PyObject *, void *);
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202 typedef int (*traverseproc)(PyObject *, visitproc, void *);
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203
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204 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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205 typedef struct {
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206 /* Number implementations must check *both*
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207 arguments for proper type and implement the necessary conversions
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208 in the slot functions themselves. */
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209
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210 binaryfunc nb_add;
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211 binaryfunc nb_subtract;
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212 binaryfunc nb_multiply;
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213 binaryfunc nb_remainder;
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214 binaryfunc nb_divmod;
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215 ternaryfunc nb_power;
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216 unaryfunc nb_negative;
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217 unaryfunc nb_positive;
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218 unaryfunc nb_absolute;
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219 inquiry nb_bool;
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220 unaryfunc nb_invert;
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221 binaryfunc nb_lshift;
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222 binaryfunc nb_rshift;
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223 binaryfunc nb_and;
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224 binaryfunc nb_xor;
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225 binaryfunc nb_or;
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226 unaryfunc nb_int;
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227 void *nb_reserved; /* the slot formerly known as nb_long */
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228 unaryfunc nb_float;
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229
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230 binaryfunc nb_inplace_add;
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231 binaryfunc nb_inplace_subtract;
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232 binaryfunc nb_inplace_multiply;
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233 binaryfunc nb_inplace_remainder;
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234 ternaryfunc nb_inplace_power;
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235 binaryfunc nb_inplace_lshift;
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236 binaryfunc nb_inplace_rshift;
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237 binaryfunc nb_inplace_and;
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238 binaryfunc nb_inplace_xor;
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239 binaryfunc nb_inplace_or;
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240
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241 binaryfunc nb_floor_divide;
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242 binaryfunc nb_true_divide;
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243 binaryfunc nb_inplace_floor_divide;
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244 binaryfunc nb_inplace_true_divide;
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245
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246 unaryfunc nb_index;
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247 } PyNumberMethods;
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248
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249 typedef struct {
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250 lenfunc sq_length;
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251 binaryfunc sq_concat;
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252 ssizeargfunc sq_repeat;
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253 ssizeargfunc sq_item;
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254 void *was_sq_slice;
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255 ssizeobjargproc sq_ass_item;
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256 void *was_sq_ass_slice;
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257 objobjproc sq_contains;
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258
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259 binaryfunc sq_inplace_concat;
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260 ssizeargfunc sq_inplace_repeat;
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261 } PySequenceMethods;
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262
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263 typedef struct {
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264 lenfunc mp_length;
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265 binaryfunc mp_subscript;
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266 objobjargproc mp_ass_subscript;
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267 } PyMappingMethods;
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268
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269
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270 typedef struct {
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271 getbufferproc bf_getbuffer;
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272 releasebufferproc bf_releasebuffer;
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273 } PyBufferProcs;
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274 #endif /* Py_LIMITED_API */
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275
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276 typedef void (*freefunc)(void *);
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277 typedef void (*destructor)(PyObject *);
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278 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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279 /* We can't provide a full compile-time check that limited-API
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280 users won't implement tp_print. However, not defining printfunc
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281 and making tp_print of a different function pointer type
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282 should at least cause a warning in most cases. */
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283 typedef int (*printfunc)(PyObject *, FILE *, int);
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284 #endif
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285 typedef PyObject *(*getattrfunc)(PyObject *, char *);
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286 typedef PyObject *(*getattrofunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);
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287 typedef int (*setattrfunc)(PyObject *, char *, PyObject *);
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288 typedef int (*setattrofunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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289 typedef PyObject *(*reprfunc)(PyObject *);
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290 typedef Py_hash_t (*hashfunc)(PyObject *);
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291 typedef PyObject *(*richcmpfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
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292 typedef PyObject *(*getiterfunc) (PyObject *);
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293 typedef PyObject *(*iternextfunc) (PyObject *);
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294 typedef PyObject *(*descrgetfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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295 typedef int (*descrsetfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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296 typedef int (*initproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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297 typedef PyObject *(*newfunc)(struct _typeobject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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298 typedef PyObject *(*allocfunc)(struct _typeobject *, Py_ssize_t);
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299
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300 #ifdef Py_LIMITED_API
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301 typedef struct _typeobject PyTypeObject; /* opaque */
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302 #else
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303 typedef struct _typeobject {
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304 PyObject_VAR_HEAD
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305 const char *tp_name; /* For printing, in format "<module>.<name>" */
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306 Py_ssize_t tp_basicsize, tp_itemsize; /* For allocation */
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307
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308 /* Methods to implement standard operations */
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309
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310 destructor tp_dealloc;
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311 printfunc tp_print;
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312 getattrfunc tp_getattr;
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313 setattrfunc tp_setattr;
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314 void *tp_reserved; /* formerly known as tp_compare */
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315 reprfunc tp_repr;
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316
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317 /* Method suites for standard classes */
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318
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319 PyNumberMethods *tp_as_number;
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320 PySequenceMethods *tp_as_sequence;
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321 PyMappingMethods *tp_as_mapping;
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322
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323 /* More standard operations (here for binary compatibility) */
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324
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325 hashfunc tp_hash;
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326 ternaryfunc tp_call;
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327 reprfunc tp_str;
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328 getattrofunc tp_getattro;
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329 setattrofunc tp_setattro;
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330
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331 /* Functions to access object as input/output buffer */
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332 PyBufferProcs *tp_as_buffer;
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333
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334 /* Flags to define presence of optional/expanded features */
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335 long tp_flags;
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336
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337 const char *tp_doc; /* Documentation string */
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338
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339 /* Assigned meaning in release 2.0 */
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340 /* call function for all accessible objects */
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341 traverseproc tp_traverse;
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342
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343 /* delete references to contained objects */
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344 inquiry tp_clear;
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345
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346 /* Assigned meaning in release 2.1 */
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347 /* rich comparisons */
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348 richcmpfunc tp_richcompare;
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349
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350 /* weak reference enabler */
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351 Py_ssize_t tp_weaklistoffset;
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352
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353 /* Iterators */
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354 getiterfunc tp_iter;
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355 iternextfunc tp_iternext;
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356
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357 /* Attribute descriptor and subclassing stuff */
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358 struct PyMethodDef *tp_methods;
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359 struct PyMemberDef *tp_members;
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360 struct PyGetSetDef *tp_getset;
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361 struct _typeobject *tp_base;
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362 PyObject *tp_dict;
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363 descrgetfunc tp_descr_get;
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364 descrsetfunc tp_descr_set;
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365 Py_ssize_t tp_dictoffset;
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366 initproc tp_init;
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367 allocfunc tp_alloc;
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368 newfunc tp_new;
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369 freefunc tp_free; /* Low-level free-memory routine */
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370 inquiry tp_is_gc; /* For PyObject_IS_GC */
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371 PyObject *tp_bases;
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372 PyObject *tp_mro; /* method resolution order */
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373 PyObject *tp_cache;
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374 PyObject *tp_subclasses;
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375 PyObject *tp_weaklist;
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376 destructor tp_del;
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377
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378 /* Type attribute cache version tag. Added in version 2.6 */
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379 unsigned int tp_version_tag;
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380
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381 #ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS
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382 /* these must be last and never explicitly initialized */
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383 Py_ssize_t tp_allocs;
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384 Py_ssize_t tp_frees;
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385 Py_ssize_t tp_maxalloc;
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386 struct _typeobject *tp_prev;
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387 struct _typeobject *tp_next;
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388 #endif
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389 } PyTypeObject;
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390 #endif
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391
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392 typedef struct{
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393 int slot; /* slot id, see below */
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394 void *pfunc; /* function pointer */
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395 } PyType_Slot;
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396
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397 typedef struct{
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398 const char* name;
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399 int basicsize;
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400 int itemsize;
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401 int flags;
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402 PyType_Slot *slots; /* terminated by slot==0. */
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403 } PyType_Spec;
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404
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405 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyType_FromSpec(PyType_Spec*);
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406
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407 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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408 /* The *real* layout of a type object when allocated on the heap */
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409 typedef struct _heaptypeobject {
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410 /* Note: there's a dependency on the order of these members
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411 in slotptr() in typeobject.c . */
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412 PyTypeObject ht_type;
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413 PyNumberMethods as_number;
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414 PyMappingMethods as_mapping;
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415 PySequenceMethods as_sequence; /* as_sequence comes after as_mapping,
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416 so that the mapping wins when both
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417 the mapping and the sequence define
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418 a given operator (e.g. __getitem__).
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419 see add_operators() in typeobject.c . */
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420 PyBufferProcs as_buffer;
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421 PyObject *ht_name, *ht_slots;
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422 /* here are optional user slots, followed by the members. */
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423 } PyHeapTypeObject;
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424
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425 /* access macro to the members which are floating "behind" the object */
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426 #define PyHeapType_GET_MEMBERS(etype) \
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427 ((PyMemberDef *)(((char *)etype) + Py_TYPE(etype)->tp_basicsize))
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428 #endif
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429
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430 /* Generic type check */
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431 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyType_IsSubtype(PyTypeObject *, PyTypeObject *);
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432 #define PyObject_TypeCheck(ob, tp) \
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433 (Py_TYPE(ob) == (tp) || PyType_IsSubtype(Py_TYPE(ob), (tp)))
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434
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435 PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyType_Type; /* built-in 'type' */
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436 PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyBaseObject_Type; /* built-in 'object' */
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437 PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PySuper_Type; /* built-in 'super' */
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438
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439 PyAPI_FUNC(long) PyType_GetFlags(PyTypeObject*);
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440
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441 #define PyType_Check(op) \
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442 PyType_FastSubclass(Py_TYPE(op), Py_TPFLAGS_TYPE_SUBCLASS)
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443 #define PyType_CheckExact(op) (Py_TYPE(op) == &PyType_Type)
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444
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445 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyType_Ready(PyTypeObject *);
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446 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GenericAlloc(PyTypeObject *, Py_ssize_t);
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447 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GenericNew(PyTypeObject *,
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448 PyObject *, PyObject *);
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449 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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450 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyType_Lookup(PyTypeObject *, PyObject *);
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451 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyObject_LookupSpecial(PyObject *, char *, PyObject **);
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452 PyAPI_FUNC(PyTypeObject *) _PyType_CalculateMetaclass(PyTypeObject *, PyObject *);
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453 #endif
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454 PyAPI_FUNC(unsigned int) PyType_ClearCache(void);
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455 PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyType_Modified(PyTypeObject *);
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456
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457 /* Generic operations on objects */
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458 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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459 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_Print(PyObject *, FILE *, int);
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460 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_BreakPoint(void);
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461 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyObject_Dump(PyObject *);
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462 #endif
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463 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Repr(PyObject *);
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464 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Str(PyObject *);
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465 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_ASCII(PyObject *);
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466 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Bytes(PyObject *);
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467 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_RichCompare(PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
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468 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_RichCompareBool(PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
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469 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetAttrString(PyObject *, const char *);
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470 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_SetAttrString(PyObject *, const char *, PyObject *);
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471 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttrString(PyObject *, const char *);
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472 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);
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473 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_SetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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474 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);
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475 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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476 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject **) _PyObject_GetDictPtr(PyObject *);
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477 #endif
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478 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_SelfIter(PyObject *);
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479 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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480 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyObject_NextNotImplemented(PyObject *);
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481 #endif
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482 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GenericGetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);
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483 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_GenericSetAttr(PyObject *,
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484 PyObject *, PyObject *);
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485 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) PyObject_Hash(PyObject *);
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486 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) PyObject_HashNotImplemented(PyObject *);
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487 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject *);
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488 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_Not(PyObject *);
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489 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyCallable_Check(PyObject *);
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490
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491 PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyObject_ClearWeakRefs(PyObject *);
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492
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493 /* Same as PyObject_Generic{Get,Set}Attr, but passing the attributes
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494 dict as the last parameter. */
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495 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *)
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496 _PyObject_GenericGetAttrWithDict(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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497 PyAPI_FUNC(int)
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498 _PyObject_GenericSetAttrWithDict(PyObject *, PyObject *,
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499 PyObject *, PyObject *);
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500
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501
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0889daf6d0d9 #1535: rename __builtin__ module to builtins.
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 43866
diff changeset
502 /* PyObject_Dir(obj) acts like Python builtins.dir(obj), returning a
0889daf6d0d9 #1535: rename __builtin__ module to builtins.
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 43866
diff changeset
503 list of strings. PyObject_Dir(NULL) is like builtins.dir(),
19705
b7f6fbc087a7 At Guido's suggestion, here's a new C API function, PyObject_Dir(), like
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
504 returning the names of the current locals. In this case, if there are
b7f6fbc087a7 At Guido's suggestion, here's a new C API function, PyObject_Dir(), like
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
505 no current locals, NULL is returned, and PyErr_Occurred() is false.
b7f6fbc087a7 At Guido's suggestion, here's a new C API function, PyObject_Dir(), like
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
506 */
24420
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Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
507 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Dir(PyObject *);
19705
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
508
b7f6fbc087a7 At Guido's suggestion, here's a new C API function, PyObject_Dir(), like
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
509
7983
068303f925ea Add prototypes for Py_Repr{Enter,Leave}.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 7935
diff changeset
510 /* Helpers for printing recursive container types */
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
511 PyAPI_FUNC(int) Py_ReprEnter(PyObject *);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
512 PyAPI_FUNC(void) Py_ReprLeave(PyObject *);
7983
068303f925ea Add prototypes for Py_Repr{Enter,Leave}.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 7935
diff changeset
513
13141
cca84745da3e This patch addresses two main issues: (1) There exist some non-fatal
Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents: 12993
diff changeset
514 /* Helpers for hash functions */
66664
62b61abd02b8 Merge branches/pep-0384.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 65944
diff changeset
515 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
65494
e8969fb822fc make hashes always the size of pointers; introduce Py_hash_t #9778
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
516 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) _Py_HashDouble(double);
e8969fb822fc make hashes always the size of pointers; introduce Py_hash_t #9778
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
517 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) _Py_HashPointer(void*);
66664
62b61abd02b8 Merge branches/pep-0384.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 65944
diff changeset
518 #endif
13141
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Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents: 12993
diff changeset
519
16394
f700e6b8de1f Undo recent change that banned using import to bind a global, as per
Jeremy Hylton <jeremy@alum.mit.edu>
parents: 16385
diff changeset
520 /* Helper for passing objects to printf and the like */
48660
85b67fb5672b Rename PyUnicode_AsString -> _PyUnicode_AsString and
Marc-André Lemburg <mal@egenix.com>
parents: 48499
diff changeset
521 #define PyObject_REPR(obj) _PyUnicode_AsString(PyObject_Repr(obj))
16394
f700e6b8de1f Undo recent change that banned using import to bind a global, as per
Jeremy Hylton <jeremy@alum.mit.edu>
parents: 16385
diff changeset
522
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
523 /* Flag bits for printing: */
61466
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Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
524 #define Py_PRINT_RAW 1 /* No string quotes etc. */
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
525
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
526 /*
24126
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
527 `Type flags (tp_flags)
9304
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
528
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
529 These flags are used to extend the type structure in a backwards-compatible
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
530 fashion. Extensions can use the flags to indicate (and test) when a given
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
531 type structure contains a new feature. The Python core will use these when
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
532 introducing new functionality between major revisions (to avoid mid-version
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
533 changes in the PYTHON_API_VERSION).
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
534
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
535 Arbitration of the flag bit positions will need to be coordinated among
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
536 all extension writers who publically release their extensions (this will
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
537 be fewer than you might expect!)..
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
538
39222
b0cdcbcc5f45 Get rid of most of the flags (in tp_flags) that keep track of various
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 37879
diff changeset
539 Most flags were removed as of Python 3.0 to make room for new flags. (Some
b0cdcbcc5f45 Get rid of most of the flags (in tp_flags) that keep track of various
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 37879
diff changeset
540 flags are not for backwards compatibility but to indicate the presence of an
b0cdcbcc5f45 Get rid of most of the flags (in tp_flags) that keep track of various
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 37879
diff changeset
541 optional feature; these flags remain of course.)
9304
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
542
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
543 Type definitions should use Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT for their tp_flags value.
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
544
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
545 Code can use PyType_HasFeature(type_ob, flag_value) to test whether the
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
546 given type object has a specified feature.
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
547 */
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
548
18933
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
549 /* Set if the type object is dynamically allocated */
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
550 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE (1L<<9)
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
551
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
552 /* Set if the type allows subclassing */
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
553 #define Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE (1L<<10)
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
554
19134
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
555 /* Set if the type is 'ready' -- fully initialized */
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
556 #define Py_TPFLAGS_READY (1L<<12)
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
557
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
558 /* Set while the type is being 'readied', to prevent recursive ready calls */
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
559 #define Py_TPFLAGS_READYING (1L<<13)
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
560
19576
b67309407cfc Change the GC type flag since the API has changed. Allow types using
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 19470
diff changeset
561 /* Objects support garbage collection (see objimp.h) */
b67309407cfc Change the GC type flag since the API has changed. Allow types using
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 19470
diff changeset
562 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC (1L<<14)
b67309407cfc Change the GC type flag since the API has changed. Allow types using
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 19470
diff changeset
563
36882
6a9c7165b17b Checking in the code for PEP 357.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 36837
diff changeset
564 /* These two bits are preserved for Stackless Python, next after this is 17 */
29184
9aa06cbd9cc1 Preserved one bit in type objects for Stackless.
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 28653
diff changeset
565 #ifdef STACKLESS
29245
ca0c8137de84 After Raymond's remark, I changed the Stackless bits to
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 29240
diff changeset
566 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_STACKLESS_EXTENSION (3L<<15)
29184
9aa06cbd9cc1 Preserved one bit in type objects for Stackless.
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 28653
diff changeset
567 #else
29240
e721025cca09 Generalized my type flags structure extension without being specific about
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 29184
diff changeset
568 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_STACKLESS_EXTENSION 0
29184
9aa06cbd9cc1 Preserved one bit in type objects for Stackless.
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 28653
diff changeset
569 #endif
9aa06cbd9cc1 Preserved one bit in type objects for Stackless.
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 28653
diff changeset
570
44654
5a71dcc71eff Merged revisions 59921-59932 via svnmerge from
Christian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>
parents: 44351
diff changeset
571 /* Objects support type attribute cache */
5a71dcc71eff Merged revisions 59921-59932 via svnmerge from
Christian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>
parents: 44351
diff changeset
572 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG (1L<<18)
5a71dcc71eff Merged revisions 59921-59932 via svnmerge from
Christian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>
parents: 44351
diff changeset
573 #define Py_TPFLAGS_VALID_VERSION_TAG (1L<<19)
5a71dcc71eff Merged revisions 59921-59932 via svnmerge from
Christian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>
parents: 44351
diff changeset
574
45549
8dd30fe11a4b Merged revisions 61038,61042-61045,61047,61050,61053,61055-61056,61061-61062,61066,61068,61070,61083,61085,61092-61103 via svnmerge from
Christian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>
parents: 45401
diff changeset
575 /* Type is abstract and cannot be instantiated */
8dd30fe11a4b Merged revisions 61038,61042-61045,61047,61050,61053,61055-61056,61061-61062,61066,61068,61070,61083,61085,61092-61103 via svnmerge from
Christian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>
parents: 45401
diff changeset
576 #define Py_TPFLAGS_IS_ABSTRACT (1L<<20)
8dd30fe11a4b Merged revisions 61038,61042-61045,61047,61050,61053,61055-61056,61061-61062,61066,61068,61070,61083,61085,61092-61103 via svnmerge from
Christian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>
parents: 45401
diff changeset
577
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Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 40737
diff changeset
578 /* These flags are used to determine if a type is a subclass. */
61466
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Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
579 #define Py_TPFLAGS_INT_SUBCLASS (1L<<23)
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
580 #define Py_TPFLAGS_LONG_SUBCLASS (1L<<24)
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
581 #define Py_TPFLAGS_LIST_SUBCLASS (1L<<25)
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
582 #define Py_TPFLAGS_TUPLE_SUBCLASS (1L<<26)
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
583 #define Py_TPFLAGS_BYTES_SUBCLASS (1L<<27)
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
584 #define Py_TPFLAGS_UNICODE_SUBCLASS (1L<<28)
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
585 #define Py_TPFLAGS_DICT_SUBCLASS (1L<<29)
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
586 #define Py_TPFLAGS_BASE_EXC_SUBCLASS (1L<<30)
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Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
587 #define Py_TPFLAGS_TYPE_SUBCLASS (1L<<31)
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Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 40737
diff changeset
588
16235
5c60184f7f52 Add a flag to indicate the presence of the tp_richcompare field, and
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 16195
diff changeset
589 #define Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT ( \
61466
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Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
590 Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_STACKLESS_EXTENSION | \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
591 Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG | \
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parents: 53905
diff changeset
592 0)
9304
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
593
67877
aca91c55f38d Issue #11067: Add PyType_GetFlags, to support PyUnicode_Check
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 67419
diff changeset
594 #ifdef Py_LIMITED_API
aca91c55f38d Issue #11067: Add PyType_GetFlags, to support PyUnicode_Check
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 67419
diff changeset
595 #define PyType_HasFeature(t,f) ((PyType_GetFlags(t) & (f)) != 0)
aca91c55f38d Issue #11067: Add PyType_GetFlags, to support PyUnicode_Check
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 67419
diff changeset
596 #else
9304
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
597 #define PyType_HasFeature(t,f) (((t)->tp_flags & (f)) != 0)
67877
aca91c55f38d Issue #11067: Add PyType_GetFlags, to support PyUnicode_Check
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 67419
diff changeset
598 #endif
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Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 40737
diff changeset
599 #define PyType_FastSubclass(t,f) PyType_HasFeature(t,f)
9304
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
600
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
601
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
602 /*
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
603 The macros Py_INCREF(op) and Py_DECREF(op) are used to increment or decrement
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
604 reference counts. Py_DECREF calls the object's deallocator function when
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
605 the refcount falls to 0; for
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
606 objects that don't contain references to other objects or heap memory
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
607 this can be the standard function free(). Both macros can be used
24126
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
608 wherever a void expression is allowed. The argument must not be a
46222
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Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 45549
diff changeset
609 NULL pointer. If it may be NULL, use Py_XINCREF/Py_XDECREF instead.
24126
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
610 The macro _Py_NewReference(op) initialize reference counts to 1, and
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
611 in special builds (Py_REF_DEBUG, Py_TRACE_REFS) performs additional
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
612 bookkeeping appropriate to the special build.
6
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diff changeset
613
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
614 We assume that the reference count field can never overflow; this can
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
615 be proven when the size of the field is the same as the pointer size, so
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
616 we ignore the possibility. Provided a C int is at least 32 bits (which
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
617 is implicitly assumed in many parts of this code), that's enough for
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
618 about 2**31 references to an object.
6
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parents:
diff changeset
619
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
620 XXX The following became out of date in Python 2.2, but I'm not sure
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
621 XXX what the full truth is now. Certainly, heap-allocated type objects
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
622 XXX can and should be deallocated.
6
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
623 Type objects should never be deallocated; the type pointer in an object
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
624 is not considered to be a reference to the type object, to save
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
625 complications in the deallocation function. (This is actually a
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626 decision that's up to the implementer of each new type so if you want,
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627 you can count such references to the type object.)
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628
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629 *** WARNING*** The Py_DECREF macro must have a side-effect-free argument
6
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630 since it may evaluate its argument multiple times. (The alternative
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631 would be to mace it a proper function or assign it to a global temporary
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632 variable first, both of which are slower; and in a multi-threaded
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633 environment the global variable trick is not safe.)
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634 */
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635
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636 /* First define a pile of simple helper macros, one set per special
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637 * build symbol. These either expand to the obvious things, or to
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638 * nothing at all when the special mode isn't in effect. The main
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639 * macros can later be defined just once then, yet expand to different
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640 * things depending on which special build options are and aren't in effect.
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641 * Trust me <wink>: while painful, this is 20x easier to understand than,
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642 * e.g, defining _Py_NewReference five different times in a maze of nested
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643 * #ifdefs (we used to do that -- it was impenetrable).
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644 */
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645 #ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG
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646 PyAPI_DATA(Py_ssize_t) _Py_RefTotal;
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647 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_NegativeRefcount(const char *fname,
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648 int lineno, PyObject *op);
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649 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyDict_Dummy(void);
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650 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PySet_Dummy(void);
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651 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) _Py_GetRefTotal(void);
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652 #define _Py_INC_REFTOTAL _Py_RefTotal++
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653 #define _Py_DEC_REFTOTAL _Py_RefTotal--
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654 #define _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA ,
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655 #define _Py_CHECK_REFCNT(OP) \
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656 { if (((PyObject*)OP)->ob_refcnt < 0) \
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657 _Py_NegativeRefcount(__FILE__, __LINE__, \
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658 (PyObject *)(OP)); \
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659 }
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660 #else
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661 #define _Py_INC_REFTOTAL
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662 #define _Py_DEC_REFTOTAL
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663 #define _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA
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664 #define _Py_CHECK_REFCNT(OP) /* a semicolon */;
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665 #endif /* Py_REF_DEBUG */
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666
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667 #ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS
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668 PyAPI_FUNC(void) inc_count(PyTypeObject *);
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669 PyAPI_FUNC(void) dec_count(PyTypeObject *);
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670 #define _Py_INC_TPALLOCS(OP) inc_count(Py_TYPE(OP))
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671 #define _Py_INC_TPFREES(OP) dec_count(Py_TYPE(OP))
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672 #define _Py_DEC_TPFREES(OP) Py_TYPE(OP)->tp_frees--
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673 #define _Py_COUNT_ALLOCS_COMMA ,
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674 #else
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675 #define _Py_INC_TPALLOCS(OP)
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676 #define _Py_INC_TPFREES(OP)
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677 #define _Py_DEC_TPFREES(OP)
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678 #define _Py_COUNT_ALLOCS_COMMA
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679 #endif /* COUNT_ALLOCS */
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680
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681 #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS
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682 /* Py_TRACE_REFS is such major surgery that we call external routines. */
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683 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_NewReference(PyObject *);
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684 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_ForgetReference(PyObject *);
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685 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_Dealloc(PyObject *);
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686 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_PrintReferences(FILE *);
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687 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_PrintReferenceAddresses(FILE *);
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688 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_AddToAllObjects(PyObject *, int force);
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689
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690 #else
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691 /* Without Py_TRACE_REFS, there's little enough to do that we expand code
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692 * inline.
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693 */
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694 #define _Py_NewReference(op) ( \
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695 _Py_INC_TPALLOCS(op) _Py_COUNT_ALLOCS_COMMA \
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696 _Py_INC_REFTOTAL _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA \
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697 Py_REFCNT(op) = 1)
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698
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699 #define _Py_ForgetReference(op) _Py_INC_TPFREES(op)
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700
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701 #ifdef Py_LIMITED_API
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702 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_Dealloc(PyObject *);
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703 #else
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704 #define _Py_Dealloc(op) ( \
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705 _Py_INC_TPFREES(op) _Py_COUNT_ALLOCS_COMMA \
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706 (*Py_TYPE(op)->tp_dealloc)((PyObject *)(op)))
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707 #endif
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708 #endif /* !Py_TRACE_REFS */
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709
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710 #define Py_INCREF(op) ( \
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711 _Py_INC_REFTOTAL _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA \
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712 ((PyObject*)(op))->ob_refcnt++)
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713
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714 #define Py_DECREF(op) \
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715 do { \
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716 if (_Py_DEC_REFTOTAL _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA \
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717 --((PyObject*)(op))->ob_refcnt != 0) \
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718 _Py_CHECK_REFCNT(op) \
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719 else \
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720 _Py_Dealloc((PyObject *)(op)); \
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721 } while (0)
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722
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723 /* Safely decref `op` and set `op` to NULL, especially useful in tp_clear
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724 * and tp_dealloc implementatons.
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725 *
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726 * Note that "the obvious" code can be deadly:
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727 *
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728 * Py_XDECREF(op);
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729 * op = NULL;
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730 *
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731 * Typically, `op` is something like self->containee, and `self` is done
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732 * using its `containee` member. In the code sequence above, suppose
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733 * `containee` is non-NULL with a refcount of 1. Its refcount falls to
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734 * 0 on the first line, which can trigger an arbitrary amount of code,
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735 * possibly including finalizers (like __del__ methods or weakref callbacks)
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736 * coded in Python, which in turn can release the GIL and allow other threads
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737 * to run, etc. Such code may even invoke methods of `self` again, or cause
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738 * cyclic gc to trigger, but-- oops! --self->containee still points to the
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739 * object being torn down, and it may be in an insane state while being torn
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740 * down. This has in fact been a rich historic source of miserable (rare &
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741 * hard-to-diagnose) segfaulting (and other) bugs.
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742 *
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743 * The safe way is:
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744 *
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745 * Py_CLEAR(op);
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746 *
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Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
747 * That arranges to set `op` to NULL _before_ decref'ing, so that any code
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
748 * triggered as a side-effect of `op` getting torn down no longer believes
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
749 * `op` points to a valid object.
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
750 *
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
751 * There are cases where it's safe to use the naive code, but they're brittle.
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
752 * For example, if `op` points to a Python integer, you know that destroying
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
753 * one of those can't cause problems -- but in part that relies on that
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
754 * Python integers aren't currently weakly referencable. Best practice is
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
755 * to use Py_CLEAR() even if you can't think of a reason for why you need to.
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
756 */
61466
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Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
757 #define Py_CLEAR(op) \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
758 do { \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
759 if (op) { \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
760 PyObject *_py_tmp = (PyObject *)(op); \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
761 (op) = NULL; \
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Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
762 Py_DECREF(_py_tmp); \
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Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
763 } \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
764 } while (0)
32670
a1a9776fab53 Implemented a new Py_CLEAR macro. This macro should be used when
Jim Fulton <jim@zope.com>
parents: 31940
diff changeset
765
86
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
766 /* Macros to use in case the object pointer may be NULL: */
52951
f92533925ea6 Merged revisions 71229,71271 via svnmerge from
Matthias Klose <doko@ubuntu.com>
parents: 52828
diff changeset
767 #define Py_XINCREF(op) do { if ((op) == NULL) ; else Py_INCREF(op); } while (0)
f92533925ea6 Merged revisions 71229,71271 via svnmerge from
Matthias Klose <doko@ubuntu.com>
parents: 52828
diff changeset
768 #define Py_XDECREF(op) do { if ((op) == NULL) ; else Py_DECREF(op); } while (0)
6
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
770 /*
31940
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
771 These are provided as conveniences to Python runtime embedders, so that
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
772 they can have object code that is not dependent on Python compilation flags.
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
773 */
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
774 PyAPI_FUNC(void) Py_IncRef(PyObject *);
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
775 PyAPI_FUNC(void) Py_DecRef(PyObject *);
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
776
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
777 /*
2129
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
778 _Py_NoneStruct is an object of undefined type which can be used in contexts
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
779 where NULL (nil) is not suitable (since NULL often means 'error').
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
780
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
781 Don't forget to apply Py_INCREF() when returning this value!!!
6
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
782 */
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
783 PyAPI_DATA(PyObject) _Py_NoneStruct; /* Don't use this directly */
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
784 #define Py_None (&_Py_NoneStruct)
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
785
30719
7dfdf9e8d95d Defined macros Py_RETURN_(TRUE|FALSE|NONE) as helper functions for returning
Brett Cannon <bcannon@gmail.com>
parents: 29245
diff changeset
786 /* Macro for returning Py_None from a function */
32793
1e2187f50631 SF bug 994255: Py_RETURN_NONE causes too much warnings
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 32670
diff changeset
787 #define Py_RETURN_NONE return Py_INCREF(Py_None), Py_None
30719
7dfdf9e8d95d Defined macros Py_RETURN_(TRUE|FALSE|NONE) as helper functions for returning
Brett Cannon <bcannon@gmail.com>
parents: 29245
diff changeset
788
15716
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
789 /*
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
790 Py_NotImplemented is a singleton used to signal that an operation is
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
791 not implemented for a given type combination.
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
792 */
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
793 PyAPI_DATA(PyObject) _Py_NotImplementedStruct; /* Don't use this directly */
15716
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
794 #define Py_NotImplemented (&_Py_NotImplementedStruct)
6
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795
15938
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
796 /* Rich comparison opcodes */
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
797 #define Py_LT 0
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
798 #define Py_LE 1
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
799 #define Py_EQ 2
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
800 #define Py_NE 3
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
801 #define Py_GT 4
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
802 #define Py_GE 5
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
803
33541
781aef974463 A static swapped_op[] array was defined in 3 different C files, & I think
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
804 /* Maps Py_LT to Py_GT, ..., Py_GE to Py_LE.
781aef974463 A static swapped_op[] array was defined in 3 different C files, & I think
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
805 * Defined in object.c.
781aef974463 A static swapped_op[] array was defined in 3 different C files, & I think
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
806 */
781aef974463 A static swapped_op[] array was defined in 3 different C files, & I think
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
807 PyAPI_DATA(int) _Py_SwappedOp[];
781aef974463 A static swapped_op[] array was defined in 3 different C files, & I think
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
808
1746
1940892d2fe3 Merge alpha100 branch back to main trunk
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1400
diff changeset
809
1940892d2fe3 Merge alpha100 branch back to main trunk
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1400
diff changeset
810 /*
6
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811 More conventions
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812 ================
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
813
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 Argument Checking
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 -----------------
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
817 Functions that take objects as arguments normally don't check for nil
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
818 arguments, but they do check the type of the argument, and return an
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
819 error if the function doesn't apply to the type.
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
820
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
821 Failure Modes
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
822 -------------
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
823
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
824 Functions may fail for a variety of reasons, including running out of
86
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
825 memory. This is communicated to the caller in two ways: an error string
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
826 is set (see errors.h), and the function result differs: functions that
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
827 normally return a pointer return NULL for failure, functions returning
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
828 an integer return -1 (which could be a legal return value too!), and
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
829 other functions return 0 for success and -1 for failure.
24126
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
830 Callers should always check for errors before using the result. If
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
831 an error was set, the caller must either explicitly clear it, or pass
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
832 the error on to its caller.
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
833
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
834 Reference Counts
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
835 ----------------
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
836
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
837 It takes a while to get used to the proper usage of reference counts.
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
838
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
839 Functions that create an object set the reference count to 1; such new
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
840 objects must be stored somewhere or destroyed again with Py_DECREF().
30887
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
841 Some functions that 'store' objects, such as PyTuple_SetItem() and
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
842 PyList_SetItem(),
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
843 don't increment the reference count of the object, since the most
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
844 frequent use is to store a fresh object. Functions that 'retrieve'
30887
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
845 objects, such as PyTuple_GetItem() and PyDict_GetItemString(), also
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
846 don't increment
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
847 the reference count, since most frequently the object is only looked at
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
848 quickly. Thus, to retrieve an object and store it again, the caller
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
849 must call Py_INCREF() explicitly.
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
850
30887
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
851 NOTE: functions that 'consume' a reference count, like
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
852 PyList_SetItem(), consume the reference even if the object wasn't
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
853 successfully stored, to simplify error handling.
6
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855 It seems attractive to make other functions that take an object as
30887
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
856 argument consume a reference count; however, this may quickly get
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
857 confusing (even the current practice is already confusing). Consider
2129
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
858 it carefully, it may save lots of calls to Py_INCREF() and Py_DECREF() at
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
859 times.
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
860 */
1329
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
861
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
862
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
863 /* Trashcan mechanism, thanks to Christian Tismer.
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
864
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
865 When deallocating a container object, it's possible to trigger an unbounded
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
866 chain of deallocations, as each Py_DECREF in turn drops the refcount on "the
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
867 next" object in the chain to 0. This can easily lead to stack faults, and
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
868 especially in threads (which typically have less stack space to work with).
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
869
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
870 A container object that participates in cyclic gc can avoid this by
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
871 bracketing the body of its tp_dealloc function with a pair of macros:
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
872
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
873 static void
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
874 mytype_dealloc(mytype *p)
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
875 {
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parents: 53905
diff changeset
876 ... declarations go here ...
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
877
61466
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
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parents: 53905
diff changeset
878 PyObject_GC_UnTrack(p); // must untrack first
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
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parents: 53905
diff changeset
879 Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN(p)
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Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
880 ... The body of the deallocator goes here, including all calls ...
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
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parents: 53905
diff changeset
881 ... to Py_DECREF on contained objects. ...
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
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parents: 53905
diff changeset
882 Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END(p)
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
883 }
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
884
24654
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
885 CAUTION: Never return from the middle of the body! If the body needs to
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
886 "get out early", put a label immediately before the Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
887 call, and goto it. Else the call-depth counter (see below) will stay
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
888 above 0 forever, and the trashcan will never get emptied.
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
889
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
890 How it works: The BEGIN macro increments a call-depth counter. So long
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
891 as this counter is small, the body of the deallocator is run directly without
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
892 further ado. But if the counter gets large, it instead adds p to a list of
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
893 objects to be deallocated later, skips the body of the deallocator, and
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
894 resumes execution after the END macro. The tp_dealloc routine then returns
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
895 without deallocating anything (and so unbounded call-stack depth is avoided).
12481
a8898a172fe2 Christian Tismer -- total rewrite on trashcan code.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 12406
diff changeset
896
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
897 When the call stack finishes unwinding again, code generated by the END macro
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
898 notices this, and calls another routine to deallocate all the objects that
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
899 may have been added to the list of deferred deallocations. In effect, a
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
900 chain of N deallocations is broken into N / PyTrash_UNWIND_LEVEL pieces,
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
901 with the call stack never exceeding a depth of PyTrash_UNWIND_LEVEL.
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
902 */
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
903
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
904 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyTrash_deposit_object(PyObject*);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
905 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyTrash_destroy_chain(void);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
906 PyAPI_DATA(int) _PyTrash_delete_nesting;
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
907 PyAPI_DATA(PyObject *) _PyTrash_delete_later;
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
908
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
909 #define PyTrash_UNWIND_LEVEL 50
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
910
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
911 #define Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN(op) \
61466
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
912 if (_PyTrash_delete_nesting < PyTrash_UNWIND_LEVEL) { \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
913 ++_PyTrash_delete_nesting;
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
914 /* The body of the deallocator is here. */
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
915 #define Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END(op) \
61466
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
916 --_PyTrash_delete_nesting; \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
917 if (_PyTrash_delete_later && _PyTrash_delete_nesting <= 0) \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
918 _PyTrash_destroy_chain(); \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
919 } \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
920 else \
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
921 _PyTrash_deposit_object((PyObject*)op);
12481
a8898a172fe2 Christian Tismer -- total rewrite on trashcan code.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 12406
diff changeset
922
1329
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
923 #ifdef __cplusplus
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
924 }
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
925 #endif
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
926 #endif /* !Py_OBJECT_H */