Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref

annotate Lib/string.py @ 13163:a09e8635534d legacy-trunk

Find changesets by keywords (author, files, the commit message), revision number or hash, or revset expression.
Don't try to guess the name of a .def file -- if one is supplied, use it, otherwise just generate an '/export:' option.
author Greg Ward <gward@python.net>
date Thu, 29 Jun 2000 23:09:20 +0000
parents 70154e2e9c89
children 58183679c90a
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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1 """A collection of string operations (most are no longer used in Python 1.6).
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2
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3 Warning: most of the code you see here isn't normally used nowadays. With
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4 Python 1.6, many of these functions are implemented as methods on the
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5 standard string object. They used to be implemented by a built-in module
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6 called strop, but strop is now obsolete itself.
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7
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8 Public module variables:
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9
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10 whitespace -- a string containing all characters considered whitespace
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11 lowercase -- a string containing all characters considered lowercase letters
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12 uppercase -- a string containing all characters considered uppercase letters
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13 letters -- a string containing all characters considered letters
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14 digits -- a string containing all characters considered decimal digits
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15 hexdigits -- a string containing all characters considered hexadecimal digits
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16 octdigits -- a string containing all characters considered octal digits
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17
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18 """
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19
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20 # Some strings for ctype-style character classification
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21 whitespace = ' \t\n\r\v\f'
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22 lowercase = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
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23 uppercase = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
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24 letters = lowercase + uppercase
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25 digits = '0123456789'
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26 hexdigits = digits + 'abcdef' + 'ABCDEF'
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27 octdigits = '01234567'
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28
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29 # Case conversion helpers
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30 _idmap = ''
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31 for i in range(256): _idmap = _idmap + chr(i)
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32 del i
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33
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34 # Backward compatible names for exceptions
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35 index_error = ValueError
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36 atoi_error = ValueError
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37 atof_error = ValueError
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38 atol_error = ValueError
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39
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40 # convert UPPER CASE letters to lower case
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41 def lower(s):
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42 """lower(s) -> string
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43
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44 Return a copy of the string s converted to lowercase.
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45
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46 """
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47 return s.lower()
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48
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49 # Convert lower case letters to UPPER CASE
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50 def upper(s):
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51 """upper(s) -> string
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52
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53 Return a copy of the string s converted to uppercase.
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54
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55 """
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56 return s.upper()
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57
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58 # Swap lower case letters and UPPER CASE
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59 def swapcase(s):
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60 """swapcase(s) -> string
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61
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62 Return a copy of the string s with upper case characters
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63 converted to lowercase and vice versa.
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64
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65 """
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66 return s.swapcase()
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67
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68 # Strip leading and trailing tabs and spaces
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69 def strip(s):
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70 """strip(s) -> string
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71
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72 Return a copy of the string s with leading and trailing
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73 whitespace removed.
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74
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75 """
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76 return s.strip()
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77
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78 # Strip leading tabs and spaces
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79 def lstrip(s):
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80 """lstrip(s) -> string
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81
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82 Return a copy of the string s with leading whitespace removed.
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83
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84 """
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85 return s.lstrip()
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86
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87 # Strip trailing tabs and spaces
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88 def rstrip(s):
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89 """rstrip(s) -> string
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90
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91 Return a copy of the string s with trailing whitespace
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92 removed.
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93
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94 """
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95 return s.rstrip()
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97
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98 # Split a string into a list of space/tab-separated words
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99 # NB: split(s) is NOT the same as splitfields(s, ' ')!
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100 def split(s, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
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101 """split(s [,sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
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102
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103 Return a list of the words in the string s, using sep as the
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104 delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, splits into at most
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105 maxsplit words. If sep is not specified, any whitespace string
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106 is a separator.
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107
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108 (split and splitfields are synonymous)
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109
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110 """
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111 return s.split(sep, maxsplit)
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112 splitfields = split
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113
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114 # Join fields with optional separator
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115 def join(words, sep = ' '):
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116 """join(list [,sep]) -> string
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117
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118 Return a string composed of the words in list, with
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119 intervening occurences of sep. The default separator is a
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120 single space.
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121
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122 (joinfields and join are synonymous)
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123
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124 """
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125 return sep.join(words)
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126 joinfields = join
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127
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128 # for a little bit of speed
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129 _apply = apply
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130
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131 # Find substring, raise exception if not found
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132 def index(s, *args):
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133 """index(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
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134
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135 Like find but raises ValueError when the substring is not found.
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136
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137 """
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138 return _apply(s.index, args)
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139
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140 # Find last substring, raise exception if not found
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141 def rindex(s, *args):
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142 """rindex(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
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143
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144 Like rfind but raises ValueError when the substring is not found.
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145
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146 """
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147 return _apply(s.rindex, args)
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148
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149 # Count non-overlapping occurrences of substring
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150 def count(s, *args):
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151 """count(s, sub[, start[,end]]) -> int
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152
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153 Return the number of occurrences of substring sub in string
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154 s[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are
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155 interpreted as in slice notation.
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156
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157 """
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158 return _apply(s.count, args)
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159
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160 # Find substring, return -1 if not found
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161 def find(s, *args):
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162 """find(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> in
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163
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164 Return the lowest index in s where substring sub is found,
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165 such that sub is contained within s[start,end]. Optional
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166 arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
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167
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168 Return -1 on failure.
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169
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170 """
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171 return _apply(s.find, args)
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172
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173 # Find last substring, return -1 if not found
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174 def rfind(s, *args):
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175 """rfind(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
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176
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177 Return the highest index in s where substring sub is found,
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178 such that sub is contained within s[start,end]. Optional
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179 arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
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180
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181 Return -1 on failure.
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182
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183 """
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184 return _apply(s.rfind, args)
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185
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186 # for a bit of speed
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187 _float = float
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188 _int = int
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189 _long = long
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190 _StringType = type('')
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191
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192 # Convert string to float
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193 def atof(s):
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194 """atof(s) -> float
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195
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196 Return the floating point number represented by the string s.
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197
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198 """
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199 return _float(s)
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200
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201
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202 # Convert string to integer
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203 def atoi(s , base=10):
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204 """atoi(s [,base]) -> int
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205
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206 Return the integer represented by the string s in the given
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207 base, which defaults to 10. The string s must consist of one
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208 or more digits, possibly preceded by a sign. If base is 0, it
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210 0X for hexadecimal. If base is 16, a preceding 0x or 0X is
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211 accepted.
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212
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213 """
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214 return _int(s, base)
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215
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216
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217 # Convert string to long integer
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218 def atol(s, base=10):
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219 """atol(s [,base]) -> long
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220
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221 Return the long integer represented by the string s in the
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222 given base, which defaults to 10. The string s must consist
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223 of one or more digits, possibly preceded by a sign. If base
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224 is 0, it is chosen from the leading characters of s, 0 for
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225 octal, 0x or 0X for hexadecimal. If base is 16, a preceding
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226 0x or 0X is accepted. A trailing L or l is not accepted,
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227 unless base is 0.
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228
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229 """
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230 return _long(s, base)
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231
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232
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233 # Left-justify a string
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234 def ljust(s, width):
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235 """ljust(s, width) -> string
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236
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237 Return a left-justified version of s, in a field of the
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238 specified width, padded with spaces as needed. The string is
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239 never truncated.
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240
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241 """
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242 n = width - len(s)
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243 if n <= 0: return s
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244 return s + ' '*n
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245
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246 # Right-justify a string
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247 def rjust(s, width):
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248 """rjust(s, width) -> string
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249
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250 Return a right-justified version of s, in a field of the
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251 specified width, padded with spaces as needed. The string is
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252 never truncated.
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253
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254 """
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255 n = width - len(s)
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256 if n <= 0: return s
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257 return ' '*n + s
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258
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259 # Center a string
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260 def center(s, width):
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261 """center(s, width) -> string
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262
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263 Return a center version of s, in a field of the specified
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264 width. padded with spaces as needed. The string is never
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265 truncated.
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266
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267 """
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268 n = width - len(s)
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269 if n <= 0: return s
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270 half = n/2
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271 if n%2 and width%2:
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272 # This ensures that center(center(s, i), j) = center(s, j)
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273 half = half+1
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274 return ' '*half + s + ' '*(n-half)
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275
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276 # Zero-fill a number, e.g., (12, 3) --> '012' and (-3, 3) --> '-03'
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277 # Decadent feature: the argument may be a string or a number
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278 # (Use of this is deprecated; it should be a string as with ljust c.s.)
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279 def zfill(x, width):
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280 """zfill(x, width) -> string
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281
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282 Pad a numeric string x with zeros on the left, to fill a field
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283 of the specified width. The string x is never truncated.
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284
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285 """
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286 if type(x) == type(''): s = x
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287 else: s = `x`
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288 n = len(s)
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289 if n >= width: return s
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290 sign = ''
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291 if s[0] in ('-', '+'):
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292 sign, s = s[0], s[1:]
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293 return sign + '0'*(width-n) + s
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294
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295 # Expand tabs in a string.
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296 # Doesn't take non-printing chars into account, but does understand \n.
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297 def expandtabs(s, tabsize=8):
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298 """expandtabs(s [,tabsize]) -> string
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299
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300 Return a copy of the string s with all tab characters replaced
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301 by the appropriate number of spaces, depending on the current
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302 column, and the tabsize (default 8).
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303
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304 """
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305 res = line = ''
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306 for c in s:
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307 if c == '\t':
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308 c = ' '*(tabsize - len(line) % tabsize)
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309 line = line + c
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310 if c == '\n':
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311 res = res + line
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312 line = ''
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313 return res + line
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314
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315 # Character translation through look-up table.
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316 def translate(s, table, deletions=""):
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317 """translate(s,table [,deletechars]) -> string
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318
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319 Return a copy of the string s, where all characters occurring
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320 in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the
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321 remaining characters have been mapped through the given
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322 translation table, which must be a string of length 256.
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323
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324 """
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325 return s.translate(table, deletions)
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326
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327 # Capitalize a string, e.g. "aBc dEf" -> "Abc def".
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328 def capitalize(s):
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329 """capitalize(s) -> string
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330
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331 Return a copy of the string s with only its first character
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332 capitalized.
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333
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334 """
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335 return s.capitalize()
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336
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337 # Capitalize the words in a string, e.g. " aBc dEf " -> "Abc Def".
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338 # See also regsub.capwords().
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339 def capwords(s, sep=None):
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340 """capwords(s, [sep]) -> string
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341
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342 Split the argument into words using split, capitalize each
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343 word using capitalize, and join the capitalized words using
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344 join. Note that this replaces runs of whitespace characters by
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345 a single space.
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346
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347 """
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348 return join(map(capitalize, s.split(sep)), sep or ' ')
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349
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350 # Construct a translation string
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351 _idmapL = None
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352 def maketrans(fromstr, tostr):
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353 """maketrans(frm, to) -> string
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354
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355 Return a translation table (a string of 256 bytes long)
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356 suitable for use in string.translate. The strings frm and to
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357 must be of the same length.
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358
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359 """
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360 if len(fromstr) != len(tostr):
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361 raise ValueError, "maketrans arguments must have same length"
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362 global _idmapL
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363 if not _idmapL:
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364 _idmapL = map(None, _idmap)
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365 L = _idmapL[:]
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366 fromstr = map(ord, fromstr)
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367 for i in range(len(fromstr)):
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368 L[fromstr[i]] = tostr[i]
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369 return joinfields(L, "")
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370
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371 # Substring replacement (global)
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372 def replace(s, old, new, maxsplit=-1):
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373 """replace (str, old, new[, maxsplit]) -> string
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374
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375 Return a copy of string str with all occurrences of substring
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376 old replaced by new. If the optional argument maxsplit is
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377 given, only the first maxsplit occurrences are replaced.
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378
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379 """
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380 return s.replace(old, new, maxsplit)
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381
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382
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383 # XXX: transitional
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384 #
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385 # If string objects do not have methods, then we need to use the old string.py
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386 # library, which uses strop for many more things than just the few outlined
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387 # below.
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388 try:
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389 ''.upper
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390 except AttributeError:
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391 from stringold import *
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392
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393 # Try importing optional built-in module "strop" -- if it exists,
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394 # it redefines some string operations that are 100-1000 times faster.
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395 # It also defines values for whitespace, lowercase and uppercase
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396 # that match <ctype.h>'s definitions.
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397
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398 try:
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399 from strop import maketrans, lowercase, uppercase, whitespace
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400 letters = lowercase + uppercase
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401 except ImportError:
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402 pass # Use the original versions