Mercurial > cpython-lru_cache-weakref
annotate Lib/wave.py @ 86127:a3d09c19bb93
merge with 3.3
| author | Georg Brandl <georg@python.org> |
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| date | Sun, 06 Oct 2013 19:24:00 +0200 |
| parents | a14ec46de0a4 |
| children | cd0fe2b4a2cd |
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1 """Stuff to parse WAVE files. |
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2 |
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3 Usage. |
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4 |
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5 Reading WAVE files: |
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6 f = wave.open(file, 'r') |
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7 where file is either the name of a file or an open file pointer. |
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8 The open file pointer must have methods read(), seek(), and close(). |
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9 When the setpos() and rewind() methods are not used, the seek() |
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10 method is not necessary. |
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11 |
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12 This returns an instance of a class with the following public methods: |
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13 getnchannels() -- returns number of audio channels (1 for |
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14 mono, 2 for stereo) |
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15 getsampwidth() -- returns sample width in bytes |
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16 getframerate() -- returns sampling frequency |
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17 getnframes() -- returns number of audio frames |
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18 getcomptype() -- returns compression type ('NONE' for linear samples) |
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19 getcompname() -- returns human-readable version of |
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20 compression type ('not compressed' linear samples) |
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21 getparams() -- returns a namedtuple consisting of all of the |
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22 above in the above order |
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23 getmarkers() -- returns None (for compatibility with the |
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24 aifc module) |
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25 getmark(id) -- raises an error since the mark does not |
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26 exist (for compatibility with the aifc module) |
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27 readframes(n) -- returns at most n frames of audio |
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28 rewind() -- rewind to the beginning of the audio stream |
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29 setpos(pos) -- seek to the specified position |
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30 tell() -- return the current position |
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31 close() -- close the instance (make it unusable) |
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32 The position returned by tell() and the position given to setpos() |
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33 are compatible and have nothing to do with the actual position in the |
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34 file. |
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35 The close() method is called automatically when the class instance |
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36 is destroyed. |
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37 |
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38 Writing WAVE files: |
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39 f = wave.open(file, 'w') |
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40 where file is either the name of a file or an open file pointer. |
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41 The open file pointer must have methods write(), tell(), seek(), and |
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42 close(). |
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43 |
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44 This returns an instance of a class with the following public methods: |
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45 setnchannels(n) -- set the number of channels |
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46 setsampwidth(n) -- set the sample width |
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47 setframerate(n) -- set the frame rate |
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48 setnframes(n) -- set the number of frames |
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49 setcomptype(type, name) |
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50 -- set the compression type and the |
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51 human-readable compression type |
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52 setparams(tuple) |
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53 -- set all parameters at once |
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54 tell() -- return current position in output file |
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55 writeframesraw(data) |
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56 -- write audio frames without pathing up the |
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57 file header |
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58 writeframes(data) |
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59 -- write audio frames and patch up the file header |
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60 close() -- patch up the file header and close the |
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61 output file |
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62 You should set the parameters before the first writeframesraw or |
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63 writeframes. The total number of frames does not need to be set, |
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64 but when it is set to the correct value, the header does not have to |
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65 be patched up. |
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66 It is best to first set all parameters, perhaps possibly the |
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67 compression type, and then write audio frames using writeframesraw. |
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68 When all frames have been written, either call writeframes('') or |
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69 close() to patch up the sizes in the header. |
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70 The close() method is called automatically when the class instance |
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71 is destroyed. |
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72 """ |
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73 |
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74 import builtins |
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75 |
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76 __all__ = ["open", "openfp", "Error"] |
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77 |
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78 class Error(Exception): |
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79 pass |
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80 |
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81 WAVE_FORMAT_PCM = 0x0001 |
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82 |
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83 _array_fmts = None, 'b', 'h', None, 'l' |
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84 |
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86 import sys |
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87 from chunk import Chunk |
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88 from collections import namedtuple |
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89 |
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90 _wave_params = namedtuple('_wave_params', |
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91 'nchannels sampwidth framerate nframes comptype compname') |
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92 |
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93 class Wave_read: |
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94 """Variables used in this class: |
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95 |
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96 These variables are available to the user though appropriate |
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97 methods of this class: |
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98 _file -- the open file with methods read(), close(), and seek() |
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99 set through the __init__() method |
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100 _nchannels -- the number of audio channels |
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101 available through the getnchannels() method |
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102 _nframes -- the number of audio frames |
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103 available through the getnframes() method |
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104 _sampwidth -- the number of bytes per audio sample |
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105 available through the getsampwidth() method |
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106 _framerate -- the sampling frequency |
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107 available through the getframerate() method |
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108 _comptype -- the AIFF-C compression type ('NONE' if AIFF) |
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109 available through the getcomptype() method |
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110 _compname -- the human-readable AIFF-C compression type |
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111 available through the getcomptype() method |
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112 _soundpos -- the position in the audio stream |
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113 available through the tell() method, set through the |
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114 setpos() method |
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115 |
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116 These variables are used internally only: |
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117 _fmt_chunk_read -- 1 iff the FMT chunk has been read |
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118 _data_seek_needed -- 1 iff positioned correctly in audio |
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119 file for readframes() |
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120 _data_chunk -- instantiation of a chunk class for the DATA chunk |
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121 _framesize -- size of one frame in the file |
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122 """ |
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123 |
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124 def initfp(self, file): |
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125 self._convert = None |
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126 self._soundpos = 0 |
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127 self._file = Chunk(file, bigendian = 0) |
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128 if self._file.getname() != b'RIFF': |
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129 raise Error('file does not start with RIFF id') |
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130 if self._file.read(4) != b'WAVE': |
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131 raise Error('not a WAVE file') |
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132 self._fmt_chunk_read = 0 |
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133 self._data_chunk = None |
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134 while 1: |
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135 self._data_seek_needed = 1 |
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136 try: |
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137 chunk = Chunk(self._file, bigendian = 0) |
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138 except EOFError: |
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139 break |
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140 chunkname = chunk.getname() |
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141 if chunkname == b'fmt ': |
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142 self._read_fmt_chunk(chunk) |
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143 self._fmt_chunk_read = 1 |
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144 elif chunkname == b'data': |
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145 if not self._fmt_chunk_read: |
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146 raise Error('data chunk before fmt chunk') |
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147 self._data_chunk = chunk |
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148 self._nframes = chunk.chunksize // self._framesize |
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149 self._data_seek_needed = 0 |
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150 break |
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151 chunk.skip() |
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152 if not self._fmt_chunk_read or not self._data_chunk: |
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153 raise Error('fmt chunk and/or data chunk missing') |
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154 |
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155 def __init__(self, f): |
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156 self._i_opened_the_file = None |
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157 if isinstance(f, str): |
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158 f = builtins.open(f, 'rb') |
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159 self._i_opened_the_file = f |
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160 # else, assume it is an open file object already |
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161 try: |
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162 self.initfp(f) |
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163 except: |
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164 if self._i_opened_the_file: |
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165 f.close() |
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166 raise |
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167 |
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168 def __del__(self): |
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169 self.close() |
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170 |
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171 def __enter__(self): |
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172 return self |
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173 |
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174 def __exit__(self, *args): |
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175 self.close() |
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176 |
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177 # |
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178 # User visible methods. |
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179 # |
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180 def getfp(self): |
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181 return self._file |
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182 |
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183 def rewind(self): |
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184 self._data_seek_needed = 1 |
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185 self._soundpos = 0 |
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186 |
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187 def close(self): |
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188 if self._i_opened_the_file: |
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189 self._i_opened_the_file.close() |
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190 self._i_opened_the_file = None |
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191 self._file = None |
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192 |
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193 def tell(self): |
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194 return self._soundpos |
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195 |
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196 def getnchannels(self): |
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197 return self._nchannels |
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198 |
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199 def getnframes(self): |
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200 return self._nframes |
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201 |
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202 def getsampwidth(self): |
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203 return self._sampwidth |
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204 |
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205 def getframerate(self): |
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206 return self._framerate |
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207 |
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208 def getcomptype(self): |
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209 return self._comptype |
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210 |
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211 def getcompname(self): |
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212 return self._compname |
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213 |
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214 def getparams(self): |
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215 return _wave_params(self.getnchannels(), self.getsampwidth(), |
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216 self.getframerate(), self.getnframes(), |
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217 self.getcomptype(), self.getcompname()) |
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218 |
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219 def getmarkers(self): |
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220 return None |
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221 |
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222 def getmark(self, id): |
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223 raise Error('no marks') |
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224 |
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225 def setpos(self, pos): |
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226 if pos < 0 or pos > self._nframes: |
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227 raise Error('position not in range') |
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228 self._soundpos = pos |
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229 self._data_seek_needed = 1 |
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230 |
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231 def readframes(self, nframes): |
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232 if self._data_seek_needed: |
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233 self._data_chunk.seek(0, 0) |
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234 pos = self._soundpos * self._framesize |
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235 if pos: |
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236 self._data_chunk.seek(pos, 0) |
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237 self._data_seek_needed = 0 |
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238 if nframes == 0: |
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239 return b'' |
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240 if self._sampwidth > 1 and sys.byteorder == 'big': |
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241 # unfortunately the fromfile() method does not take |
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242 # something that only looks like a file object, so |
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243 # we have to reach into the innards of the chunk object |
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244 import array |
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245 chunk = self._data_chunk |
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246 data = array.array(_array_fmts[self._sampwidth]) |
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247 nitems = nframes * self._nchannels |
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248 if nitems * self._sampwidth > chunk.chunksize - chunk.size_read: |
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249 nitems = (chunk.chunksize - chunk.size_read) // self._sampwidth |
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250 data.fromfile(chunk.file.file, nitems) |
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251 # "tell" data chunk how much was read |
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252 chunk.size_read = chunk.size_read + nitems * self._sampwidth |
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253 # do the same for the outermost chunk |
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254 chunk = chunk.file |
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255 chunk.size_read = chunk.size_read + nitems * self._sampwidth |
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256 data.byteswap() |
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257 data = data.tobytes() |
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258 else: |
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259 data = self._data_chunk.read(nframes * self._framesize) |
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260 if self._convert and data: |
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261 data = self._convert(data) |
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262 self._soundpos = self._soundpos + len(data) // (self._nchannels * self._sampwidth) |
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263 return data |
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264 |
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265 # |
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266 # Internal methods. |
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267 # |
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268 |
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269 def _read_fmt_chunk(self, chunk): |
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270 wFormatTag, self._nchannels, self._framerate, dwAvgBytesPerSec, wBlockAlign = struct.unpack_from('<HHLLH', chunk.read(14)) |
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271 if wFormatTag == WAVE_FORMAT_PCM: |
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272 sampwidth = struct.unpack_from('<H', chunk.read(2))[0] |
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273 self._sampwidth = (sampwidth + 7) // 8 |
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274 else: |
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275 raise Error('unknown format: %r' % (wFormatTag,)) |
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276 self._framesize = self._nchannels * self._sampwidth |
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277 self._comptype = 'NONE' |
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278 self._compname = 'not compressed' |
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279 |
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280 class Wave_write: |
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281 """Variables used in this class: |
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282 |
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283 These variables are user settable through appropriate methods |
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284 of this class: |
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285 _file -- the open file with methods write(), close(), tell(), seek() |
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286 set through the __init__() method |
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287 _comptype -- the AIFF-C compression type ('NONE' in AIFF) |
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288 set through the setcomptype() or setparams() method |
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289 _compname -- the human-readable AIFF-C compression type |
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290 set through the setcomptype() or setparams() method |
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291 _nchannels -- the number of audio channels |
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292 set through the setnchannels() or setparams() method |
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293 _sampwidth -- the number of bytes per audio sample |
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294 set through the setsampwidth() or setparams() method |
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295 _framerate -- the sampling frequency |
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296 set through the setframerate() or setparams() method |
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297 _nframes -- the number of audio frames written to the header |
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298 set through the setnframes() or setparams() method |
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299 |
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300 These variables are used internally only: |
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301 _datalength -- the size of the audio samples written to the header |
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302 _nframeswritten -- the number of frames actually written |
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303 _datawritten -- the size of the audio samples actually written |
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304 """ |
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305 |
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306 def __init__(self, f): |
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307 self._i_opened_the_file = None |
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308 if isinstance(f, str): |
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309 f = builtins.open(f, 'wb') |
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310 self._i_opened_the_file = f |
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311 try: |
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312 self.initfp(f) |
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313 except: |
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314 if self._i_opened_the_file: |
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315 f.close() |
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316 raise |
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317 |
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318 def initfp(self, file): |
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319 self._file = file |
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320 self._convert = None |
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321 self._nchannels = 0 |
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322 self._sampwidth = 0 |
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323 self._framerate = 0 |
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324 self._nframes = 0 |
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325 self._nframeswritten = 0 |
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326 self._datawritten = 0 |
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327 self._datalength = 0 |
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328 self._headerwritten = False |
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329 |
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330 def __del__(self): |
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331 self.close() |
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332 |
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333 def __enter__(self): |
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334 return self |
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335 |
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336 def __exit__(self, *args): |
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337 self.close() |
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338 |
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339 # |
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340 # User visible methods. |
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341 # |
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342 def setnchannels(self, nchannels): |
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343 if self._datawritten: |
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344 raise Error('cannot change parameters after starting to write') |
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345 if nchannels < 1: |
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346 raise Error('bad # of channels') |
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347 self._nchannels = nchannels |
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348 |
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349 def getnchannels(self): |
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350 if not self._nchannels: |
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351 raise Error('number of channels not set') |
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352 return self._nchannels |
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353 |
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354 def setsampwidth(self, sampwidth): |
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355 if self._datawritten: |
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356 raise Error('cannot change parameters after starting to write') |
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357 if sampwidth < 1 or sampwidth > 4: |
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358 raise Error('bad sample width') |
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359 self._sampwidth = sampwidth |
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360 |
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361 def getsampwidth(self): |
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362 if not self._sampwidth: |
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363 raise Error('sample width not set') |
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364 return self._sampwidth |
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365 |
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366 def setframerate(self, framerate): |
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367 if self._datawritten: |
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368 raise Error('cannot change parameters after starting to write') |
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369 if framerate <= 0: |
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370 raise Error('bad frame rate') |
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371 self._framerate = int(round(framerate)) |
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372 |
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373 def getframerate(self): |
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374 if not self._framerate: |
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375 raise Error('frame rate not set') |
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376 return self._framerate |
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377 |
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378 def setnframes(self, nframes): |
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379 if self._datawritten: |
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380 raise Error('cannot change parameters after starting to write') |
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381 self._nframes = nframes |
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382 |
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383 def getnframes(self): |
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384 return self._nframeswritten |
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385 |
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386 def setcomptype(self, comptype, compname): |
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387 if self._datawritten: |
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388 raise Error('cannot change parameters after starting to write') |
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389 if comptype not in ('NONE',): |
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390 raise Error('unsupported compression type') |
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391 self._comptype = comptype |
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392 self._compname = compname |
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393 |
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394 def getcomptype(self): |
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395 return self._comptype |
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396 |
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397 def getcompname(self): |
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398 return self._compname |
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399 |
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400 def setparams(self, params): |
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401 nchannels, sampwidth, framerate, nframes, comptype, compname = params |
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402 if self._datawritten: |
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403 raise Error('cannot change parameters after starting to write') |
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404 self.setnchannels(nchannels) |
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405 self.setsampwidth(sampwidth) |
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406 self.setframerate(framerate) |
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407 self.setnframes(nframes) |
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408 self.setcomptype(comptype, compname) |
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409 |
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410 def getparams(self): |
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411 if not self._nchannels or not self._sampwidth or not self._framerate: |
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412 raise Error('not all parameters set') |
|
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413 return _wave_params(self._nchannels, self._sampwidth, self._framerate, |
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414 self._nframes, self._comptype, self._compname) |
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415 |
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416 def setmark(self, id, pos, name): |
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417 raise Error('setmark() not supported') |
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418 |
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419 def getmark(self, id): |
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420 raise Error('no marks') |
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421 |
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422 def getmarkers(self): |
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423 return None |
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424 |
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425 def tell(self): |
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426 return self._nframeswritten |
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427 |
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428 def writeframesraw(self, data): |
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429 self._ensure_header_written(len(data)) |
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430 nframes = len(data) // (self._sampwidth * self._nchannels) |
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431 if self._convert: |
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432 data = self._convert(data) |
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433 if self._sampwidth > 1 and sys.byteorder == 'big': |
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434 import array |
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435 data = array.array(_array_fmts[self._sampwidth], data) |
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436 data.byteswap() |
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437 data.tofile(self._file) |
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438 self._datawritten = self._datawritten + len(data) * self._sampwidth |
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439 else: |
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440 self._file.write(data) |
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441 self._datawritten = self._datawritten + len(data) |
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442 self._nframeswritten = self._nframeswritten + nframes |
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443 |
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444 def writeframes(self, data): |
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445 self.writeframesraw(data) |
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446 if self._datalength != self._datawritten: |
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447 self._patchheader() |
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448 |
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449 def close(self): |
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450 if self._file: |
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451 try: |
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452 self._ensure_header_written(0) |
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453 if self._datalength != self._datawritten: |
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454 self._patchheader() |
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455 self._file.flush() |
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456 finally: |
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457 self._file = None |
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458 if self._i_opened_the_file: |
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459 self._i_opened_the_file.close() |
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460 self._i_opened_the_file = None |
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461 |
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462 # |
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463 # Internal methods. |
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464 # |
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465 |
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466 def _ensure_header_written(self, datasize): |
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467 if not self._headerwritten: |
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468 if not self._nchannels: |
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469 raise Error('# channels not specified') |
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470 if not self._sampwidth: |
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471 raise Error('sample width not specified') |
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472 if not self._framerate: |
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473 raise Error('sampling rate not specified') |
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474 self._write_header(datasize) |
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475 |
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476 def _write_header(self, initlength): |
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477 assert not self._headerwritten |
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478 self._file.write(b'RIFF') |
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479 if not self._nframes: |
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480 self._nframes = initlength // (self._nchannels * self._sampwidth) |
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481 self._datalength = self._nframes * self._nchannels * self._sampwidth |
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482 self._form_length_pos = self._file.tell() |
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483 self._file.write(struct.pack('<L4s4sLHHLLHH4s', |
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484 36 + self._datalength, b'WAVE', b'fmt ', 16, |
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485 WAVE_FORMAT_PCM, self._nchannels, self._framerate, |
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486 self._nchannels * self._framerate * self._sampwidth, |
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487 self._nchannels * self._sampwidth, |
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488 self._sampwidth * 8, b'data')) |
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489 self._data_length_pos = self._file.tell() |
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490 self._file.write(struct.pack('<L', self._datalength)) |
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491 self._headerwritten = True |
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492 |
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493 def _patchheader(self): |
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494 assert self._headerwritten |
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495 if self._datawritten == self._datalength: |
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496 return |
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497 curpos = self._file.tell() |
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498 self._file.seek(self._form_length_pos, 0) |
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499 self._file.write(struct.pack('<L', 36 + self._datawritten)) |
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500 self._file.seek(self._data_length_pos, 0) |
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501 self._file.write(struct.pack('<L', self._datawritten)) |
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502 self._file.seek(curpos, 0) |
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503 self._datalength = self._datawritten |
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504 |
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505 def open(f, mode=None): |
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506 if mode is None: |
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507 if hasattr(f, 'mode'): |
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508 mode = f.mode |
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509 else: |
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510 mode = 'rb' |
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511 if mode in ('r', 'rb'): |
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512 return Wave_read(f) |
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513 elif mode in ('w', 'wb'): |
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514 return Wave_write(f) |
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515 else: |
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516 raise Error("mode must be 'r', 'rb', 'w', or 'wb'") |
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517 |
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518 openfp = open # B/W compatibility |
