annotate Include/object.h @ 84007:dbfbdf2b5c19 3.3

Fix #17967: For ftp urls CWD to target instead of hopping to each directory towards target. This fixes a bug where target is accessible, but parent directories are restricted.
author Senthil Kumaran <senthil@uthcode.com>
date Sat, 01 Jun 2013 08:27:06 -0700
parents 800507fb0a7e
children 6aef095fdb30 10795aac6df7
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1 #ifndef Py_OBJECT_H
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2 #define Py_OBJECT_H
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3 #ifdef __cplusplus
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4 extern "C" {
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5 #endif
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6
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7
6
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8 /* Object and type object interface */
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9
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10 /*
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11 Objects are structures allocated on the heap. Special rules apply to
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12 the use of objects to ensure they are properly garbage-collected.
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13 Objects are never allocated statically or on the stack; they must be
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14 accessed through special macros and functions only. (Type objects are
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15 exceptions to the first rule; the standard types are represented by
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16 statically initialized type objects, although work on type/class unification
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17 for Python 2.2 made it possible to have heap-allocated type objects too).
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18
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19 An object has a 'reference count' that is increased or decreased when a
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20 pointer to the object is copied or deleted; when the reference count
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21 reaches zero there are no references to the object left and it can be
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22 removed from the heap.
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23
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24 An object has a 'type' that determines what it represents and what kind
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25 of data it contains. An object's type is fixed when it is created.
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26 Types themselves are represented as objects; an object contains a
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27 pointer to the corresponding type object. The type itself has a type
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28 pointer pointing to the object representing the type 'type', which
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29 contains a pointer to itself!).
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30
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31 Objects do not float around in memory; once allocated an object keeps
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32 the same size and address. Objects that must hold variable-size data
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33 can contain pointers to variable-size parts of the object. Not all
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34 objects of the same type have the same size; but the size cannot change
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35 after allocation. (These restrictions are made so a reference to an
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36 object can be simply a pointer -- moving an object would require
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37 updating all the pointers, and changing an object's size would require
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38 moving it if there was another object right next to it.)
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39
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40 Objects are always accessed through pointers of the type 'PyObject *'.
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41 The type 'PyObject' is a structure that only contains the reference count
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42 and the type pointer. The actual memory allocated for an object
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43 contains other data that can only be accessed after casting the pointer
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44 to a pointer to a longer structure type. This longer type must start
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45 with the reference count and type fields; the macro PyObject_HEAD should be
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46 used for this (to accommodate for future changes). The implementation
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47 of a particular object type can cast the object pointer to the proper
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48 type and back.
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49
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50 A standard interface exists for objects that contain an array of items
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51 whose size is determined when the object is allocated.
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52 */
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53
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54 /* Py_DEBUG implies Py_TRACE_REFS. */
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55 #if defined(Py_DEBUG) && !defined(Py_TRACE_REFS)
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56 #define Py_TRACE_REFS
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57 #endif
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59 /* Py_TRACE_REFS implies Py_REF_DEBUG. */
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60 #if defined(Py_TRACE_REFS) && !defined(Py_REF_DEBUG)
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61 #define Py_REF_DEBUG
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62 #endif
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63
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64 #if defined(Py_LIMITED_API) && defined(Py_REF_DEBUG)
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65 #error Py_LIMITED_API is incompatible with Py_DEBUG, Py_TRACE_REFS, and Py_REF_DEBUG
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66 #endif
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67
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68 #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS
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69 /* Define pointers to support a doubly-linked list of all live heap objects. */
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70 #define _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA \
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71 struct _object *_ob_next; \
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72 struct _object *_ob_prev;
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74 #define _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT 0, 0,
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75
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76 #else
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77 #define _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA
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78 #define _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT
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79 #endif
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80
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81 /* PyObject_HEAD defines the initial segment of every PyObject. */
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82 #define PyObject_HEAD PyObject ob_base;
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83
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84 #define PyObject_HEAD_INIT(type) \
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85 { _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT \
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86 1, type },
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87
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88 #define PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(type, size) \
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89 { PyObject_HEAD_INIT(type) size },
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91 /* PyObject_VAR_HEAD defines the initial segment of all variable-size
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92 * container objects. These end with a declaration of an array with 1
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93 * element, but enough space is malloc'ed so that the array actually
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94 * has room for ob_size elements. Note that ob_size is an element count,
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95 * not necessarily a byte count.
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96 */
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97 #define PyObject_VAR_HEAD PyVarObject ob_base;
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98 #define Py_INVALID_SIZE (Py_ssize_t)-1
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99
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100 /* Nothing is actually declared to be a PyObject, but every pointer to
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101 * a Python object can be cast to a PyObject*. This is inheritance built
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102 * by hand. Similarly every pointer to a variable-size Python object can,
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103 * in addition, be cast to PyVarObject*.
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104 */
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105 typedef struct _object {
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106 _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA
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107 Py_ssize_t ob_refcnt;
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108 struct _typeobject *ob_type;
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109 } PyObject;
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111 typedef struct {
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112 PyObject ob_base;
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113 Py_ssize_t ob_size; /* Number of items in variable part */
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114 } PyVarObject;
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115
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116 #define Py_REFCNT(ob) (((PyObject*)(ob))->ob_refcnt)
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117 #define Py_TYPE(ob) (((PyObject*)(ob))->ob_type)
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118 #define Py_SIZE(ob) (((PyVarObject*)(ob))->ob_size)
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119
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120 /********************* String Literals ****************************************/
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121 /* This structure helps managing static strings. The basic usage goes like this:
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122 Instead of doing
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123
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124 r = PyObject_CallMethod(o, "foo", "args", ...);
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125
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126 do
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127
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128 _Py_IDENTIFIER(foo);
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129 ...
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130 r = _PyObject_CallMethodId(o, &PyId_foo, "args", ...);
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131
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132 PyId_foo is a static variable, either on block level or file level. On first
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133 usage, the string "foo" is interned, and the structures are linked. On interpreter
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134 shutdown, all strings are released (through _PyUnicode_ClearStaticStrings).
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135
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136 Alternatively, _Py_static_string allows to choose the variable name.
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137 _PyUnicode_FromId returns a borrowed reference to the interned string.
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138 _PyObject_{Get,Set,Has}AttrId are __getattr__ versions using _Py_Identifier*.
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139 */
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140 typedef struct _Py_Identifier {
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141 struct _Py_Identifier *next;
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142 const char* string;
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143 PyObject *object;
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144 } _Py_Identifier;
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145
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146 #define _Py_static_string(varname, value) static _Py_Identifier varname = { 0, value, 0 }
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147 #define _Py_IDENTIFIER(varname) _Py_static_string(PyId_##varname, #varname)
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148
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149 /*
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150 Type objects contain a string containing the type name (to help somewhat
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151 in debugging), the allocation parameters (see PyObject_New() and
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152 PyObject_NewVar()),
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153 and methods for accessing objects of the type. Methods are optional, a
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154 nil pointer meaning that particular kind of access is not available for
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155 this type. The Py_DECREF() macro uses the tp_dealloc method without
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156 checking for a nil pointer; it should always be implemented except if
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157 the implementation can guarantee that the reference count will never
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158 reach zero (e.g., for statically allocated type objects).
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159
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160 NB: the methods for certain type groups are now contained in separate
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161 method blocks.
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162 */
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163
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164 typedef PyObject * (*unaryfunc)(PyObject *);
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165 typedef PyObject * (*binaryfunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);
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166 typedef PyObject * (*ternaryfunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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167 typedef int (*inquiry)(PyObject *);
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168 typedef Py_ssize_t (*lenfunc)(PyObject *);
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169 typedef PyObject *(*ssizeargfunc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t);
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170 typedef PyObject *(*ssizessizeargfunc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, Py_ssize_t);
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171 typedef int(*ssizeobjargproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, PyObject *);
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172 typedef int(*ssizessizeobjargproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, Py_ssize_t, PyObject *);
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173 typedef int(*objobjargproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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174
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175 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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176 /* buffer interface */
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177 typedef struct bufferinfo {
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178 void *buf;
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179 PyObject *obj; /* owned reference */
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180 Py_ssize_t len;
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181 Py_ssize_t itemsize; /* This is Py_ssize_t so it can be
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182 pointed to by strides in simple case.*/
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183 int readonly;
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184 int ndim;
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185 char *format;
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186 Py_ssize_t *shape;
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187 Py_ssize_t *strides;
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188 Py_ssize_t *suboffsets;
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189 void *internal;
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190 } Py_buffer;
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191
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192 typedef int (*getbufferproc)(PyObject *, Py_buffer *, int);
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193 typedef void (*releasebufferproc)(PyObject *, Py_buffer *);
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194
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195 /* Maximum number of dimensions */
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196 #define PyBUF_MAX_NDIM 64
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197
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198 /* Flags for getting buffers */
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199 #define PyBUF_SIMPLE 0
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200 #define PyBUF_WRITABLE 0x0001
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201 /* we used to include an E, backwards compatible alias */
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202 #define PyBUF_WRITEABLE PyBUF_WRITABLE
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203 #define PyBUF_FORMAT 0x0004
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204 #define PyBUF_ND 0x0008
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205 #define PyBUF_STRIDES (0x0010 | PyBUF_ND)
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206 #define PyBUF_C_CONTIGUOUS (0x0020 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
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207 #define PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS (0x0040 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
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208 #define PyBUF_ANY_CONTIGUOUS (0x0080 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
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209 #define PyBUF_INDIRECT (0x0100 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
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210
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211 #define PyBUF_CONTIG (PyBUF_ND | PyBUF_WRITABLE)
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212 #define PyBUF_CONTIG_RO (PyBUF_ND)
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213
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214 #define PyBUF_STRIDED (PyBUF_STRIDES | PyBUF_WRITABLE)
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215 #define PyBUF_STRIDED_RO (PyBUF_STRIDES)
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216
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217 #define PyBUF_RECORDS (PyBUF_STRIDES | PyBUF_WRITABLE | PyBUF_FORMAT)
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218 #define PyBUF_RECORDS_RO (PyBUF_STRIDES | PyBUF_FORMAT)
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219
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220 #define PyBUF_FULL (PyBUF_INDIRECT | PyBUF_WRITABLE | PyBUF_FORMAT)
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221 #define PyBUF_FULL_RO (PyBUF_INDIRECT | PyBUF_FORMAT)
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222
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223
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224 #define PyBUF_READ 0x100
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225 #define PyBUF_WRITE 0x200
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226
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227 /* End buffer interface */
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228 #endif /* Py_LIMITED_API */
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229
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230 typedef int (*objobjproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);
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231 typedef int (*visitproc)(PyObject *, void *);
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232 typedef int (*traverseproc)(PyObject *, visitproc, void *);
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233
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234 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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235 typedef struct {
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236 /* Number implementations must check *both*
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237 arguments for proper type and implement the necessary conversions
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238 in the slot functions themselves. */
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239
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240 binaryfunc nb_add;
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241 binaryfunc nb_subtract;
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242 binaryfunc nb_multiply;
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243 binaryfunc nb_remainder;
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244 binaryfunc nb_divmod;
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245 ternaryfunc nb_power;
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246 unaryfunc nb_negative;
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247 unaryfunc nb_positive;
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248 unaryfunc nb_absolute;
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249 inquiry nb_bool;
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250 unaryfunc nb_invert;
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251 binaryfunc nb_lshift;
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252 binaryfunc nb_rshift;
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253 binaryfunc nb_and;
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254 binaryfunc nb_xor;
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255 binaryfunc nb_or;
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256 unaryfunc nb_int;
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257 void *nb_reserved; /* the slot formerly known as nb_long */
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258 unaryfunc nb_float;
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259
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260 binaryfunc nb_inplace_add;
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261 binaryfunc nb_inplace_subtract;
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262 binaryfunc nb_inplace_multiply;
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263 binaryfunc nb_inplace_remainder;
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264 ternaryfunc nb_inplace_power;
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265 binaryfunc nb_inplace_lshift;
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266 binaryfunc nb_inplace_rshift;
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267 binaryfunc nb_inplace_and;
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268 binaryfunc nb_inplace_xor;
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269 binaryfunc nb_inplace_or;
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270
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271 binaryfunc nb_floor_divide;
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272 binaryfunc nb_true_divide;
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273 binaryfunc nb_inplace_floor_divide;
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274 binaryfunc nb_inplace_true_divide;
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275
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276 unaryfunc nb_index;
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277 } PyNumberMethods;
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278
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279 typedef struct {
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280 lenfunc sq_length;
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281 binaryfunc sq_concat;
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282 ssizeargfunc sq_repeat;
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283 ssizeargfunc sq_item;
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284 void *was_sq_slice;
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285 ssizeobjargproc sq_ass_item;
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286 void *was_sq_ass_slice;
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287 objobjproc sq_contains;
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288
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289 binaryfunc sq_inplace_concat;
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290 ssizeargfunc sq_inplace_repeat;
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291 } PySequenceMethods;
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292
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293 typedef struct {
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294 lenfunc mp_length;
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295 binaryfunc mp_subscript;
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296 objobjargproc mp_ass_subscript;
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297 } PyMappingMethods;
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298
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299
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300 typedef struct {
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301 getbufferproc bf_getbuffer;
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302 releasebufferproc bf_releasebuffer;
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303 } PyBufferProcs;
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304 #endif /* Py_LIMITED_API */
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305
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306 typedef void (*freefunc)(void *);
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307 typedef void (*destructor)(PyObject *);
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308 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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309 /* We can't provide a full compile-time check that limited-API
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310 users won't implement tp_print. However, not defining printfunc
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311 and making tp_print of a different function pointer type
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312 should at least cause a warning in most cases. */
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313 typedef int (*printfunc)(PyObject *, FILE *, int);
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314 #endif
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315 typedef PyObject *(*getattrfunc)(PyObject *, char *);
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316 typedef PyObject *(*getattrofunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);
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317 typedef int (*setattrfunc)(PyObject *, char *, PyObject *);
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318 typedef int (*setattrofunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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319 typedef PyObject *(*reprfunc)(PyObject *);
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320 typedef Py_hash_t (*hashfunc)(PyObject *);
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321 typedef PyObject *(*richcmpfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
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322 typedef PyObject *(*getiterfunc) (PyObject *);
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323 typedef PyObject *(*iternextfunc) (PyObject *);
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324 typedef PyObject *(*descrgetfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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325 typedef int (*descrsetfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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326 typedef int (*initproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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327 typedef PyObject *(*newfunc)(struct _typeobject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
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328 typedef PyObject *(*allocfunc)(struct _typeobject *, Py_ssize_t);
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329
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330 #ifdef Py_LIMITED_API
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331 typedef struct _typeobject PyTypeObject; /* opaque */
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332 #else
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333 typedef struct _typeobject {
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334 PyObject_VAR_HEAD
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335 const char *tp_name; /* For printing, in format "<module>.<name>" */
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336 Py_ssize_t tp_basicsize, tp_itemsize; /* For allocation */
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337
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338 /* Methods to implement standard operations */
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339
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340 destructor tp_dealloc;
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341 printfunc tp_print;
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342 getattrfunc tp_getattr;
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343 setattrfunc tp_setattr;
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344 void *tp_reserved; /* formerly known as tp_compare */
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345 reprfunc tp_repr;
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346
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347 /* Method suites for standard classes */
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348
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349 PyNumberMethods *tp_as_number;
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350 PySequenceMethods *tp_as_sequence;
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351 PyMappingMethods *tp_as_mapping;
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352
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353 /* More standard operations (here for binary compatibility) */
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354
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355 hashfunc tp_hash;
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356 ternaryfunc tp_call;
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357 reprfunc tp_str;
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358 getattrofunc tp_getattro;
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359 setattrofunc tp_setattro;
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360
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361 /* Functions to access object as input/output buffer */
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362 PyBufferProcs *tp_as_buffer;
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363
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364 /* Flags to define presence of optional/expanded features */
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365 long tp_flags;
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366
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367 const char *tp_doc; /* Documentation string */
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368
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369 /* Assigned meaning in release 2.0 */
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370 /* call function for all accessible objects */
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371 traverseproc tp_traverse;
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372
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373 /* delete references to contained objects */
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374 inquiry tp_clear;
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375
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376 /* Assigned meaning in release 2.1 */
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377 /* rich comparisons */
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378 richcmpfunc tp_richcompare;
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379
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380 /* weak reference enabler */
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381 Py_ssize_t tp_weaklistoffset;
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382
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383 /* Iterators */
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384 getiterfunc tp_iter;
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385 iternextfunc tp_iternext;
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386
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387 /* Attribute descriptor and subclassing stuff */
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388 struct PyMethodDef *tp_methods;
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389 struct PyMemberDef *tp_members;
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390 struct PyGetSetDef *tp_getset;
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391 struct _typeobject *tp_base;
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392 PyObject *tp_dict;
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393 descrgetfunc tp_descr_get;
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394 descrsetfunc tp_descr_set;
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395 Py_ssize_t tp_dictoffset;
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396 initproc tp_init;
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397 allocfunc tp_alloc;
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398 newfunc tp_new;
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399 freefunc tp_free; /* Low-level free-memory routine */
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400 inquiry tp_is_gc; /* For PyObject_IS_GC */
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401 PyObject *tp_bases;
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402 PyObject *tp_mro; /* method resolution order */
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403 PyObject *tp_cache;
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404 PyObject *tp_subclasses;
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405 PyObject *tp_weaklist;
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406 destructor tp_del;
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407
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408 /* Type attribute cache version tag. Added in version 2.6 */
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409 unsigned int tp_version_tag;
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410
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411 #ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS
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412 /* these must be last and never explicitly initialized */
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413 Py_ssize_t tp_allocs;
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414 Py_ssize_t tp_frees;
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415 Py_ssize_t tp_maxalloc;
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416 struct _typeobject *tp_prev;
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417 struct _typeobject *tp_next;
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418 #endif
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419 } PyTypeObject;
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420 #endif
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421
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422 typedef struct{
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423 int slot; /* slot id, see below */
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424 void *pfunc; /* function pointer */
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425 } PyType_Slot;
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426
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427 typedef struct{
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428 const char* name;
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429 int basicsize;
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430 int itemsize;
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431 int flags;
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432 PyType_Slot *slots; /* terminated by slot==0. */
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433 } PyType_Spec;
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434
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435 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyType_FromSpec(PyType_Spec*);
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436 #if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x03030000
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437 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyType_FromSpecWithBases(PyType_Spec*, PyObject*);
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438 #endif
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439
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440 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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441 /* The *real* layout of a type object when allocated on the heap */
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442 typedef struct _heaptypeobject {
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443 /* Note: there's a dependency on the order of these members
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444 in slotptr() in typeobject.c . */
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445 PyTypeObject ht_type;
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446 PyNumberMethods as_number;
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447 PyMappingMethods as_mapping;
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448 PySequenceMethods as_sequence; /* as_sequence comes after as_mapping,
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449 so that the mapping wins when both
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450 the mapping and the sequence define
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451 a given operator (e.g. __getitem__).
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452 see add_operators() in typeobject.c . */
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453 PyBufferProcs as_buffer;
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454 PyObject *ht_name, *ht_slots, *ht_qualname;
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455 struct _dictkeysobject *ht_cached_keys;
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456 /* here are optional user slots, followed by the members. */
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457 } PyHeapTypeObject;
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458
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459 /* access macro to the members which are floating "behind" the object */
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460 #define PyHeapType_GET_MEMBERS(etype) \
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461 ((PyMemberDef *)(((char *)etype) + Py_TYPE(etype)->tp_basicsize))
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462 #endif
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463
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464 /* Generic type check */
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465 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyType_IsSubtype(PyTypeObject *, PyTypeObject *);
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466 #define PyObject_TypeCheck(ob, tp) \
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467 (Py_TYPE(ob) == (tp) || PyType_IsSubtype(Py_TYPE(ob), (tp)))
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468
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469 PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyType_Type; /* built-in 'type' */
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470 PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyBaseObject_Type; /* built-in 'object' */
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471 PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PySuper_Type; /* built-in 'super' */
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472
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473 PyAPI_FUNC(long) PyType_GetFlags(PyTypeObject*);
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474
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475 #define PyType_Check(op) \
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476 PyType_FastSubclass(Py_TYPE(op), Py_TPFLAGS_TYPE_SUBCLASS)
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477 #define PyType_CheckExact(op) (Py_TYPE(op) == &PyType_Type)
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478
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479 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyType_Ready(PyTypeObject *);
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480 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GenericAlloc(PyTypeObject *, Py_ssize_t);
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481 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GenericNew(PyTypeObject *,
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482 PyObject *, PyObject *);
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483 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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484 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyType_Lookup(PyTypeObject *, PyObject *);
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485 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyObject_LookupSpecial(PyObject *, _Py_Identifier *);
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486 PyAPI_FUNC(PyTypeObject *) _PyType_CalculateMetaclass(PyTypeObject *, PyObject *);
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487 #endif
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488 PyAPI_FUNC(unsigned int) PyType_ClearCache(void);
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489 PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyType_Modified(PyTypeObject *);
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490
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491 /* Generic operations on objects */
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492 struct _Py_Identifier;
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493 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
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494 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_Print(PyObject *, FILE *, int);
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495 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_BreakPoint(void);
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496 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyObject_Dump(PyObject *);
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497 #endif
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498 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Repr(PyObject *);
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499 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Str(PyObject *);
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500 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_ASCII(PyObject *);
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501 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Bytes(PyObject *);
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502 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_RichCompare(PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
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503 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_RichCompareBool(PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
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504 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetAttrString(PyObject *, const char *);
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505 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_SetAttrString(PyObject *, const char *, PyObject *);
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506 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttrString(PyObject *, const char *);
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
507 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
508 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_SetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
509 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);
73984
e979b26a9172 improve abstract property support (closes #11610)
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 73738
diff changeset
510 PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyObject_IsAbstract(PyObject *);
72835
5e33219492bc Add API for static strings, primarily good for identifiers.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 71809
diff changeset
511 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyObject_GetAttrId(PyObject *, struct _Py_Identifier *);
5e33219492bc Add API for static strings, primarily good for identifiers.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 71809
diff changeset
512 PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyObject_SetAttrId(PyObject *, struct _Py_Identifier *, PyObject *);
5e33219492bc Add API for static strings, primarily good for identifiers.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 71809
diff changeset
513 PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyObject_HasAttrId(PyObject *, struct _Py_Identifier *);
66664
62b61abd02b8 Merge branches/pep-0384.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 65944
diff changeset
514 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
515 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject **) _PyObject_GetDictPtr(PyObject *);
66664
62b61abd02b8 Merge branches/pep-0384.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 65944
diff changeset
516 #endif
28320
fd5ef7003469 Renamed PyObject_GenericGetIter to PyObject_SelfIter
Raymond Hettinger <python@rcn.com>
parents: 28308
diff changeset
517 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_SelfIter(PyObject *);
66664
62b61abd02b8 Merge branches/pep-0384.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 65944
diff changeset
518 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
50755
c99ce0164699 Merged revisions 68560 via svnmerge from
Amaury Forgeot d'Arc <amauryfa@gmail.com>
parents: 50490
diff changeset
519 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyObject_NextNotImplemented(PyObject *);
66664
62b61abd02b8 Merge branches/pep-0384.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 65944
diff changeset
520 #endif
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
521 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GenericGetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
522 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_GenericSetAttr(PyObject *,
61466
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
523 PyObject *, PyObject *);
75050
78f93eb7dd75 add generic implementation of a __dict__ descriptor for C types
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 74578
diff changeset
524 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_GenericSetDict(PyObject *, PyObject *, void *);
65494
e8969fb822fc make hashes always the size of pointers; introduce Py_hash_t #9778
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
525 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) PyObject_Hash(PyObject *);
e8969fb822fc make hashes always the size of pointers; introduce Py_hash_t #9778
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
526 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) PyObject_HashNotImplemented(PyObject *);
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
527 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject *);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
528 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_Not(PyObject *);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
529 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyCallable_Check(PyObject *);
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
530
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
531 PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyObject_ClearWeakRefs(PyObject *);
16385
1fb6672b20ef PEP 205, Weak References -- initial checkin.
Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents: 16235
diff changeset
532
64298
0265d5f7bd07 Issue #1868: Eliminate subtle timing issues in thread-local objects by
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 61466
diff changeset
533 /* Same as PyObject_Generic{Get,Set}Attr, but passing the attributes
0265d5f7bd07 Issue #1868: Eliminate subtle timing issues in thread-local objects by
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 61466
diff changeset
534 dict as the last parameter. */
0265d5f7bd07 Issue #1868: Eliminate subtle timing issues in thread-local objects by
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 61466
diff changeset
535 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *)
0265d5f7bd07 Issue #1868: Eliminate subtle timing issues in thread-local objects by
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 61466
diff changeset
536 _PyObject_GenericGetAttrWithDict(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
0265d5f7bd07 Issue #1868: Eliminate subtle timing issues in thread-local objects by
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 61466
diff changeset
537 PyAPI_FUNC(int)
0265d5f7bd07 Issue #1868: Eliminate subtle timing issues in thread-local objects by
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 61466
diff changeset
538 _PyObject_GenericSetAttrWithDict(PyObject *, PyObject *,
0265d5f7bd07 Issue #1868: Eliminate subtle timing issues in thread-local objects by
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 61466
diff changeset
539 PyObject *, PyObject *);
0265d5f7bd07 Issue #1868: Eliminate subtle timing issues in thread-local objects by
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 61466
diff changeset
540
76105
fb907ee4fdfa Rename _PyIter_GetBuiltin to _PyObject_GetBuiltin, and do not include it in the stable ABI.
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 75254
diff changeset
541 /* Helper to look up a builtin object */
fb907ee4fdfa Rename _PyIter_GetBuiltin to _PyObject_GetBuiltin, and do not include it in the stable ABI.
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 75254
diff changeset
542 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
fb907ee4fdfa Rename _PyIter_GetBuiltin to _PyObject_GetBuiltin, and do not include it in the stable ABI.
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 75254
diff changeset
543 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *)
fb907ee4fdfa Rename _PyIter_GetBuiltin to _PyObject_GetBuiltin, and do not include it in the stable ABI.
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 75254
diff changeset
544 _PyObject_GetBuiltin(const char *name);
fb907ee4fdfa Rename _PyIter_GetBuiltin to _PyObject_GetBuiltin, and do not include it in the stable ABI.
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 75254
diff changeset
545 #endif
19970
f761cab28c1c Hopefully fix 3-way comparisons. This unfortunately adds yet another
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19705
diff changeset
546
44098
0889daf6d0d9 #1535: rename __builtin__ module to builtins.
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 43866
diff changeset
547 /* PyObject_Dir(obj) acts like Python builtins.dir(obj), returning a
0889daf6d0d9 #1535: rename __builtin__ module to builtins.
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 43866
diff changeset
548 list of strings. PyObject_Dir(NULL) is like builtins.dir(),
19705
b7f6fbc087a7 At Guido's suggestion, here's a new C API function, PyObject_Dir(), like
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
549 returning the names of the current locals. In this case, if there are
b7f6fbc087a7 At Guido's suggestion, here's a new C API function, PyObject_Dir(), like
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
550 no current locals, NULL is returned, and PyErr_Occurred() is false.
b7f6fbc087a7 At Guido's suggestion, here's a new C API function, PyObject_Dir(), like
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
551 */
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
552 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Dir(PyObject *);
19705
b7f6fbc087a7 At Guido's suggestion, here's a new C API function, PyObject_Dir(), like
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
553
b7f6fbc087a7 At Guido's suggestion, here's a new C API function, PyObject_Dir(), like
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 19576
diff changeset
554
7983
068303f925ea Add prototypes for Py_Repr{Enter,Leave}.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 7935
diff changeset
555 /* Helpers for printing recursive container types */
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
556 PyAPI_FUNC(int) Py_ReprEnter(PyObject *);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
557 PyAPI_FUNC(void) Py_ReprLeave(PyObject *);
7983
068303f925ea Add prototypes for Py_Repr{Enter,Leave}.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 7935
diff changeset
558
13141
cca84745da3e This patch addresses two main issues: (1) There exist some non-fatal
Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents: 12993
diff changeset
559 /* Helpers for hash functions */
66664
62b61abd02b8 Merge branches/pep-0384.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 65944
diff changeset
560 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
65494
e8969fb822fc make hashes always the size of pointers; introduce Py_hash_t #9778
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
561 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) _Py_HashDouble(double);
e8969fb822fc make hashes always the size of pointers; introduce Py_hash_t #9778
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
562 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) _Py_HashPointer(void*);
73669
215690b782f8 Issue #13411: memoryview objects are now hashable when the underlying object is hashable.
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 73062
diff changeset
563 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) _Py_HashBytes(unsigned char*, Py_ssize_t);
66664
62b61abd02b8 Merge branches/pep-0384.
Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
parents: 65944
diff changeset
564 #endif
13141
cca84745da3e This patch addresses two main issues: (1) There exist some non-fatal
Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents: 12993
diff changeset
565
75066
f4b7ecf8a5f8 Issue #13703: add a way to randomize the hash values of basic types (str, bytes, datetime)
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
566 typedef struct {
75073
4a31f6b11e7a Merge from 3.1: Issue #13703: add a way to randomize the hash values of basic types (str, bytes, datetime)
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 73061 75066
diff changeset
567 Py_hash_t prefix;
4a31f6b11e7a Merge from 3.1: Issue #13703: add a way to randomize the hash values of basic types (str, bytes, datetime)
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 73061 75066
diff changeset
568 Py_hash_t suffix;
75066
f4b7ecf8a5f8 Issue #13703: add a way to randomize the hash values of basic types (str, bytes, datetime)
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
569 } _Py_HashSecret_t;
f4b7ecf8a5f8 Issue #13703: add a way to randomize the hash values of basic types (str, bytes, datetime)
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
570 PyAPI_DATA(_Py_HashSecret_t) _Py_HashSecret;
f4b7ecf8a5f8 Issue #13703: add a way to randomize the hash values of basic types (str, bytes, datetime)
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
parents: 64298
diff changeset
571
75127
160a56eac332 ensure no one tries to hash things before the random seed is found
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 75066
diff changeset
572 #ifdef Py_DEBUG
160a56eac332 ensure no one tries to hash things before the random seed is found
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 75066
diff changeset
573 PyAPI_DATA(int) _Py_HashSecret_Initialized;
160a56eac332 ensure no one tries to hash things before the random seed is found
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 75066
diff changeset
574 #endif
160a56eac332 ensure no one tries to hash things before the random seed is found
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
parents: 75066
diff changeset
575
16394
f700e6b8de1f Undo recent change that banned using import to bind a global, as per
Jeremy Hylton <jeremy@alum.mit.edu>
parents: 16385
diff changeset
576 /* Helper for passing objects to printf and the like */
48660
85b67fb5672b Rename PyUnicode_AsString -> _PyUnicode_AsString and
Marc-André Lemburg <mal@egenix.com>
parents: 48499
diff changeset
577 #define PyObject_REPR(obj) _PyUnicode_AsString(PyObject_Repr(obj))
16394
f700e6b8de1f Undo recent change that banned using import to bind a global, as per
Jeremy Hylton <jeremy@alum.mit.edu>
parents: 16385
diff changeset
578
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
579 /* Flag bits for printing: */
61466
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
580 #define Py_PRINT_RAW 1 /* No string quotes etc. */
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
581
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
582 /*
24126
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
583 `Type flags (tp_flags)
9304
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
584
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
585 These flags are used to extend the type structure in a backwards-compatible
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
586 fashion. Extensions can use the flags to indicate (and test) when a given
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
587 type structure contains a new feature. The Python core will use these when
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
588 introducing new functionality between major revisions (to avoid mid-version
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
589 changes in the PYTHON_API_VERSION).
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
590
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
591 Arbitration of the flag bit positions will need to be coordinated among
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
592 all extension writers who publically release their extensions (this will
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
593 be fewer than you might expect!)..
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
594
39222
b0cdcbcc5f45 Get rid of most of the flags (in tp_flags) that keep track of various
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 37879
diff changeset
595 Most flags were removed as of Python 3.0 to make room for new flags. (Some
b0cdcbcc5f45 Get rid of most of the flags (in tp_flags) that keep track of various
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 37879
diff changeset
596 flags are not for backwards compatibility but to indicate the presence of an
b0cdcbcc5f45 Get rid of most of the flags (in tp_flags) that keep track of various
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 37879
diff changeset
597 optional feature; these flags remain of course.)
9304
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
598
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
599 Type definitions should use Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT for their tp_flags value.
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
600
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
601 Code can use PyType_HasFeature(type_ob, flag_value) to test whether the
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
602 given type object has a specified feature.
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
603 */
cc3e14837379 Changes by Greg Stein (code) and GvR (design).
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 8124
diff changeset
604
18933
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
605 /* Set if the type object is dynamically allocated */
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
606 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE (1L<<9)
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
607
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
608 /* Set if the type allows subclassing */
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
609 #define Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE (1L<<10)
09df3254b49d Merge of descr-branch back into trunk.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 17617
diff changeset
610
19134
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
611 /* Set if the type is 'ready' -- fully initialized */
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
612 #define Py_TPFLAGS_READY (1L<<12)
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
613
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
614 /* Set while the type is being 'readied', to prevent recursive ready calls */
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
615 #define Py_TPFLAGS_READYING (1L<<13)
d98121930e70 Add new flags for PyType_Ready(): READY to explicitly indicate the
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 19051
diff changeset
616
19576
b67309407cfc Change the GC type flag since the API has changed. Allow types using
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 19470
diff changeset
617 /* Objects support garbage collection (see objimp.h) */
b67309407cfc Change the GC type flag since the API has changed. Allow types using
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 19470
diff changeset
618 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC (1L<<14)
b67309407cfc Change the GC type flag since the API has changed. Allow types using
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 19470
diff changeset
619
36882
6a9c7165b17b Checking in the code for PEP 357.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 36837
diff changeset
620 /* These two bits are preserved for Stackless Python, next after this is 17 */
29184
9aa06cbd9cc1 Preserved one bit in type objects for Stackless.
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 28653
diff changeset
621 #ifdef STACKLESS
29245
ca0c8137de84 After Raymond's remark, I changed the Stackless bits to
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 29240
diff changeset
622 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_STACKLESS_EXTENSION (3L<<15)
29184
9aa06cbd9cc1 Preserved one bit in type objects for Stackless.
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 28653
diff changeset
623 #else
29240
e721025cca09 Generalized my type flags structure extension without being specific about
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 29184
diff changeset
624 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_STACKLESS_EXTENSION 0
29184
9aa06cbd9cc1 Preserved one bit in type objects for Stackless.
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 28653
diff changeset
625 #endif
9aa06cbd9cc1 Preserved one bit in type objects for Stackless.
Christian Tismer <tismer@stackless.com>
parents: 28653
diff changeset
626
44654
5a71dcc71eff Merged revisions 59921-59932 via svnmerge from
Christian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>
parents: 44351
diff changeset
627 /* Objects support type attribute cache */
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628 #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG (1L<<18)
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629 #define Py_TPFLAGS_VALID_VERSION_TAG (1L<<19)
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630
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631 /* Type is abstract and cannot be instantiated */
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632 #define Py_TPFLAGS_IS_ABSTRACT (1L<<20)
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633
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634 /* These flags are used to determine if a type is a subclass. */
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635 #define Py_TPFLAGS_INT_SUBCLASS (1L<<23)
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636 #define Py_TPFLAGS_LONG_SUBCLASS (1L<<24)
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637 #define Py_TPFLAGS_LIST_SUBCLASS (1L<<25)
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638 #define Py_TPFLAGS_TUPLE_SUBCLASS (1L<<26)
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639 #define Py_TPFLAGS_BYTES_SUBCLASS (1L<<27)
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640 #define Py_TPFLAGS_UNICODE_SUBCLASS (1L<<28)
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641 #define Py_TPFLAGS_DICT_SUBCLASS (1L<<29)
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642 #define Py_TPFLAGS_BASE_EXC_SUBCLASS (1L<<30)
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643 #define Py_TPFLAGS_TYPE_SUBCLASS (1L<<31)
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644
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645 #define Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT ( \
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646 Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_STACKLESS_EXTENSION | \
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647 Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG | \
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648 0)
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649
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650 #ifdef Py_LIMITED_API
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651 #define PyType_HasFeature(t,f) ((PyType_GetFlags(t) & (f)) != 0)
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652 #else
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653 #define PyType_HasFeature(t,f) (((t)->tp_flags & (f)) != 0)
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654 #endif
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655 #define PyType_FastSubclass(t,f) PyType_HasFeature(t,f)
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656
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657
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658 /*
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659 The macros Py_INCREF(op) and Py_DECREF(op) are used to increment or decrement
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660 reference counts. Py_DECREF calls the object's deallocator function when
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661 the refcount falls to 0; for
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662 objects that don't contain references to other objects or heap memory
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663 this can be the standard function free(). Both macros can be used
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664 wherever a void expression is allowed. The argument must not be a
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665 NULL pointer. If it may be NULL, use Py_XINCREF/Py_XDECREF instead.
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666 The macro _Py_NewReference(op) initialize reference counts to 1, and
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667 in special builds (Py_REF_DEBUG, Py_TRACE_REFS) performs additional
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668 bookkeeping appropriate to the special build.
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669
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670 We assume that the reference count field can never overflow; this can
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671 be proven when the size of the field is the same as the pointer size, so
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672 we ignore the possibility. Provided a C int is at least 32 bits (which
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673 is implicitly assumed in many parts of this code), that's enough for
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674 about 2**31 references to an object.
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675
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676 XXX The following became out of date in Python 2.2, but I'm not sure
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677 XXX what the full truth is now. Certainly, heap-allocated type objects
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678 XXX can and should be deallocated.
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679 Type objects should never be deallocated; the type pointer in an object
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680 is not considered to be a reference to the type object, to save
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681 complications in the deallocation function. (This is actually a
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682 decision that's up to the implementer of each new type so if you want,
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683 you can count such references to the type object.)
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684
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685 *** WARNING*** The Py_DECREF macro must have a side-effect-free argument
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686 since it may evaluate its argument multiple times. (The alternative
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687 would be to mace it a proper function or assign it to a global temporary
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688 variable first, both of which are slower; and in a multi-threaded
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689 environment the global variable trick is not safe.)
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690 */
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691
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692 /* First define a pile of simple helper macros, one set per special
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693 * build symbol. These either expand to the obvious things, or to
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694 * nothing at all when the special mode isn't in effect. The main
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695 * macros can later be defined just once then, yet expand to different
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696 * things depending on which special build options are and aren't in effect.
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697 * Trust me <wink>: while painful, this is 20x easier to understand than,
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698 * e.g, defining _Py_NewReference five different times in a maze of nested
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699 * #ifdefs (we used to do that -- it was impenetrable).
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700 */
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701 #ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG
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702 PyAPI_DATA(Py_ssize_t) _Py_RefTotal;
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703 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_NegativeRefcount(const char *fname,
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704 int lineno, PyObject *op);
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705 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyDict_Dummy(void);
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706 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PySet_Dummy(void);
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707 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) _Py_GetRefTotal(void);
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708 #define _Py_INC_REFTOTAL _Py_RefTotal++
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709 #define _Py_DEC_REFTOTAL _Py_RefTotal--
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710 #define _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA ,
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711 #define _Py_CHECK_REFCNT(OP) \
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712 { if (((PyObject*)OP)->ob_refcnt < 0) \
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713 _Py_NegativeRefcount(__FILE__, __LINE__, \
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714 (PyObject *)(OP)); \
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715 }
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716 #else
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717 #define _Py_INC_REFTOTAL
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718 #define _Py_DEC_REFTOTAL
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719 #define _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA
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720 #define _Py_CHECK_REFCNT(OP) /* a semicolon */;
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721 #endif /* Py_REF_DEBUG */
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722
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723 #ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS
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724 PyAPI_FUNC(void) inc_count(PyTypeObject *);
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725 PyAPI_FUNC(void) dec_count(PyTypeObject *);
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726 #define _Py_INC_TPALLOCS(OP) inc_count(Py_TYPE(OP))
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727 #define _Py_INC_TPFREES(OP) dec_count(Py_TYPE(OP))
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728 #define _Py_DEC_TPFREES(OP) Py_TYPE(OP)->tp_frees--
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729 #define _Py_COUNT_ALLOCS_COMMA ,
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730 #else
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731 #define _Py_INC_TPALLOCS(OP)
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732 #define _Py_INC_TPFREES(OP)
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733 #define _Py_DEC_TPFREES(OP)
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734 #define _Py_COUNT_ALLOCS_COMMA
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735 #endif /* COUNT_ALLOCS */
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736
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737 #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS
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738 /* Py_TRACE_REFS is such major surgery that we call external routines. */
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739 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_NewReference(PyObject *);
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740 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_ForgetReference(PyObject *);
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741 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_Dealloc(PyObject *);
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742 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_PrintReferences(FILE *);
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743 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_PrintReferenceAddresses(FILE *);
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744 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_AddToAllObjects(PyObject *, int force);
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745
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746 #else
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747 /* Without Py_TRACE_REFS, there's little enough to do that we expand code
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
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parents: 24122
diff changeset
748 * inline.
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
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diff changeset
749 */
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750 #define _Py_NewReference(op) ( \
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751 _Py_INC_TPALLOCS(op) _Py_COUNT_ALLOCS_COMMA \
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752 _Py_INC_REFTOTAL _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA \
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753 Py_REFCNT(op) = 1)
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diff changeset
754
24184
c4dcb80f48ea object.h special-build macro minefield: renamed all the new lexical
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diff changeset
755 #define _Py_ForgetReference(op) _Py_INC_TPFREES(op)
24126
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
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diff changeset
756
66664
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diff changeset
757 #ifdef Py_LIMITED_API
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758 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_Dealloc(PyObject *);
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759 #else
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760 #define _Py_Dealloc(op) ( \
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761 _Py_INC_TPFREES(op) _Py_COUNT_ALLOCS_COMMA \
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762 (*Py_TYPE(op)->tp_dealloc)((PyObject *)(op)))
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763 #endif
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diff changeset
764 #endif /* !Py_TRACE_REFS */
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
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765
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766 #define Py_INCREF(op) ( \
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767 _Py_INC_REFTOTAL _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA \
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768 ((PyObject*)(op))->ob_refcnt++)
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769
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770 #define Py_DECREF(op) \
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771 do { \
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772 if (_Py_DEC_REFTOTAL _Py_REF_DEBUG_COMMA \
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773 --((PyObject*)(op))->ob_refcnt != 0) \
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774 _Py_CHECK_REFCNT(op) \
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775 else \
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776 _Py_Dealloc((PyObject *)(op)); \
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777 } while (0)
6
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778
37879
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779 /* Safely decref `op` and set `op` to NULL, especially useful in tp_clear
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780 * and tp_dealloc implementatons.
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781 *
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782 * Note that "the obvious" code can be deadly:
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783 *
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784 * Py_XDECREF(op);
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785 * op = NULL;
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
786 *
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787 * Typically, `op` is something like self->containee, and `self` is done
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788 * using its `containee` member. In the code sequence above, suppose
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789 * `containee` is non-NULL with a refcount of 1. Its refcount falls to
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
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parents: 37191
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790 * 0 on the first line, which can trigger an arbitrary amount of code,
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diff changeset
791 * possibly including finalizers (like __del__ methods or weakref callbacks)
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diff changeset
792 * coded in Python, which in turn can release the GIL and allow other threads
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diff changeset
793 * to run, etc. Such code may even invoke methods of `self` again, or cause
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
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diff changeset
794 * cyclic gc to trigger, but-- oops! --self->containee still points to the
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
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diff changeset
795 * object being torn down, and it may be in an insane state while being torn
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
796 * down. This has in fact been a rich historic source of miserable (rare &
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
797 * hard-to-diagnose) segfaulting (and other) bugs.
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
798 *
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
799 * The safe way is:
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Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
800 *
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
801 * Py_CLEAR(op);
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Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
802 *
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
803 * That arranges to set `op` to NULL _before_ decref'ing, so that any code
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
804 * triggered as a side-effect of `op` getting torn down no longer believes
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
805 * `op` points to a valid object.
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
806 *
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
807 * There are cases where it's safe to use the naive code, but they're brittle.
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diff changeset
808 * For example, if `op` points to a Python integer, you know that destroying
f731859e9b3b Merge p3yk branch with the trunk up to revision 45595. This breaks a fair
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
809 * one of those can't cause problems -- but in part that relies on that
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diff changeset
810 * Python integers aren't currently weakly referencable. Best practice is
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parents: 37191
diff changeset
811 * to use Py_CLEAR() even if you can't think of a reason for why you need to.
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Thomas Wouters <thomas@python.org>
parents: 37191
diff changeset
812 */
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813 #define Py_CLEAR(op) \
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814 do { \
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diff changeset
815 if (op) { \
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diff changeset
816 PyObject *_py_tmp = (PyObject *)(op); \
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diff changeset
817 (op) = NULL; \
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diff changeset
818 Py_DECREF(_py_tmp); \
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diff changeset
819 } \
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diff changeset
820 } while (0)
32670
a1a9776fab53 Implemented a new Py_CLEAR macro. This macro should be used when
Jim Fulton <jim@zope.com>
parents: 31940
diff changeset
821
86
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
822 /* Macros to use in case the object pointer may be NULL: */
52951
f92533925ea6 Merged revisions 71229,71271 via svnmerge from
Matthias Klose <doko@ubuntu.com>
parents: 52828
diff changeset
823 #define Py_XINCREF(op) do { if ((op) == NULL) ; else Py_INCREF(op); } while (0)
f92533925ea6 Merged revisions 71229,71271 via svnmerge from
Matthias Klose <doko@ubuntu.com>
parents: 52828
diff changeset
824 #define Py_XDECREF(op) do { if ((op) == NULL) ; else Py_DECREF(op); } while (0)
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
825
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
826 /*
31940
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
827 These are provided as conveniences to Python runtime embedders, so that
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
828 they can have object code that is not dependent on Python compilation flags.
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
829 */
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
830 PyAPI_FUNC(void) Py_IncRef(PyObject *);
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
831 PyAPI_FUNC(void) Py_DecRef(PyObject *);
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
832
059740d52ae5 Two new public API functions, Py_IncRef and Py_DecRef. Useful for
Thomas Heller <theller@ctypes.org>
parents: 30887
diff changeset
833 /*
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
834 _Py_NoneStruct is an object of undefined type which can be used in contexts
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
835 where NULL (nil) is not suitable (since NULL often means 'error').
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
836
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
837 Don't forget to apply Py_INCREF() when returning this value!!!
6
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parents:
diff changeset
838 */
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
839 PyAPI_DATA(PyObject) _Py_NoneStruct; /* Don't use this directly */
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
840 #define Py_None (&_Py_NoneStruct)
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
841
30719
7dfdf9e8d95d Defined macros Py_RETURN_(TRUE|FALSE|NONE) as helper functions for returning
Brett Cannon <bcannon@gmail.com>
parents: 29245
diff changeset
842 /* Macro for returning Py_None from a function */
32793
1e2187f50631 SF bug 994255: Py_RETURN_NONE causes too much warnings
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 32670
diff changeset
843 #define Py_RETURN_NONE return Py_INCREF(Py_None), Py_None
30719
7dfdf9e8d95d Defined macros Py_RETURN_(TRUE|FALSE|NONE) as helper functions for returning
Brett Cannon <bcannon@gmail.com>
parents: 29245
diff changeset
844
15716
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
845 /*
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
846 Py_NotImplemented is a singleton used to signal that an operation is
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
847 not implemented for a given type combination.
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
848 */
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
849 PyAPI_DATA(PyObject) _Py_NotImplementedStruct; /* Don't use this directly */
15716
362e53f43dd2 - Add nb_cmp slot for new style nubmers.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 14497
diff changeset
850 #define Py_NotImplemented (&_Py_NotImplementedStruct)
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parents:
diff changeset
851
71809
77a65b078852 Add Py_RETURN_NOTIMPLEMENTED macro. Fixes #12724.
Brian Curtin <brian@python.org>
parents: 67924
diff changeset
852 /* Macro for returning Py_NotImplemented from a function */
77a65b078852 Add Py_RETURN_NOTIMPLEMENTED macro. Fixes #12724.
Brian Curtin <brian@python.org>
parents: 67924
diff changeset
853 #define Py_RETURN_NOTIMPLEMENTED \
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Brian Curtin <brian@python.org>
parents: 67924
diff changeset
854 return Py_INCREF(Py_NotImplemented), Py_NotImplemented
77a65b078852 Add Py_RETURN_NOTIMPLEMENTED macro. Fixes #12724.
Brian Curtin <brian@python.org>
parents: 67924
diff changeset
855
15938
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
856 /* Rich comparison opcodes */
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
857 #define Py_LT 0
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
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parents: 15716
diff changeset
858 #define Py_LE 1
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
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parents: 15716
diff changeset
859 #define Py_EQ 2
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
860 #define Py_NE 3
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
861 #define Py_GT 4
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
862 #define Py_GE 5
8fd221aed357 Introduction to rich comparisons:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 15716
diff changeset
863
33541
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Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
864 /* Maps Py_LT to Py_GT, ..., Py_GE to Py_LE.
781aef974463 A static swapped_op[] array was defined in 3 different C files, & I think
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
865 * Defined in object.c.
781aef974463 A static swapped_op[] array was defined in 3 different C files, & I think
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
866 */
781aef974463 A static swapped_op[] array was defined in 3 different C files, & I think
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
867 PyAPI_DATA(int) _Py_SwappedOp[];
781aef974463 A static swapped_op[] array was defined in 3 different C files, & I think
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 33386
diff changeset
868
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1400
diff changeset
869
1940892d2fe3 Merge alpha100 branch back to main trunk
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1400
diff changeset
870 /*
6
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parents:
diff changeset
871 More conventions
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
872 ================
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
873
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
874 Argument Checking
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
875 -----------------
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
876
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877 Functions that take objects as arguments normally don't check for nil
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
878 arguments, but they do check the type of the argument, and return an
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
879 error if the function doesn't apply to the type.
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
880
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
881 Failure Modes
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
882 -------------
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
883
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
884 Functions may fail for a variety of reasons, including running out of
86
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
885 memory. This is communicated to the caller in two ways: an error string
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
886 is set (see errors.h), and the function result differs: functions that
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
887 normally return a pointer return NULL for failure, functions returning
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
888 an integer return -1 (which could be a legal return value too!), and
a6934380c6e7 "Compiling" version
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 68
diff changeset
889 other functions return 0 for success and -1 for failure.
24126
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
890 Callers should always check for errors before using the result. If
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
891 an error was set, the caller must either explicitly clear it, or pass
fdf80e04e4bb Rearranged and added comments to object.h, to clarify many things
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24122
diff changeset
892 the error on to its caller.
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894 Reference Counts
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895 ----------------
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897 It takes a while to get used to the proper usage of reference counts.
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
899 Functions that create an object set the reference count to 1; such new
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
900 objects must be stored somewhere or destroyed again with Py_DECREF().
30887
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
901 Some functions that 'store' objects, such as PyTuple_SetItem() and
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
902 PyList_SetItem(),
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
903 don't increment the reference count of the object, since the most
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904 frequent use is to store a fresh object. Functions that 'retrieve'
30887
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
905 objects, such as PyTuple_GetItem() and PyDict_GetItemString(), also
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
906 don't increment
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907 the reference count, since most frequently the object is only looked at
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 quickly. Thus, to retrieve an object and store it again, the caller
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
909 must call Py_INCREF() explicitly.
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910
30887
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
911 NOTE: functions that 'consume' a reference count, like
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
912 PyList_SetItem(), consume the reference even if the object wasn't
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
913 successfully stored, to simplify error handling.
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
915 It seems attractive to make other functions that take an object as
30887
3ae82928b113 fixed buggy comment as per SF bug #827856
Alex Martelli <aleaxit@gmail.com>
parents: 30721
diff changeset
916 argument consume a reference count; however, this may quickly get
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917 confusing (even the current practice is already confusing). Consider
2129
05360cd616ae The great renaming, phase two: all header files have been updated to
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 2071
diff changeset
918 it carefully, it may save lots of calls to Py_INCREF() and Py_DECREF() at
6
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
919 times.
fc6fcd7df4f7 Initial revision
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920 */
1329
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
921
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
922
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
923 /* Trashcan mechanism, thanks to Christian Tismer.
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
924
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
925 When deallocating a container object, it's possible to trigger an unbounded
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
926 chain of deallocations, as each Py_DECREF in turn drops the refcount on "the
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
927 next" object in the chain to 0. This can easily lead to stack faults, and
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
928 especially in threads (which typically have less stack space to work with).
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
929
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
930 A container object that participates in cyclic gc can avoid this by
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
931 bracketing the body of its tp_dealloc function with a pair of macros:
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
932
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
933 static void
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
934 mytype_dealloc(mytype *p)
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
935 {
61466
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
936 ... declarations go here ...
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
937
61466
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
938 PyObject_GC_UnTrack(p); // must untrack first
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
939 Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN(p)
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
940 ... The body of the deallocator goes here, including all calls ...
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
941 ... to Py_DECREF on contained objects. ...
cab14be0ada1 Recorded merge of revisions 81029 via svnmerge from
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 53905
diff changeset
942 Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END(p)
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
943 }
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
944
24654
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
945 CAUTION: Never return from the middle of the body! If the body needs to
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
946 "get out early", put a label immediately before the Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
947 call, and goto it. Else the call-depth counter (see below) will stay
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
948 above 0 forever, and the trashcan will never get emptied.
f672e1dbad92 Added info about the right way to leave the body of a trashcan-protected
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24420
diff changeset
949
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
950 How it works: The BEGIN macro increments a call-depth counter. So long
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
951 as this counter is small, the body of the deallocator is run directly without
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
952 further ado. But if the counter gets large, it instead adds p to a list of
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
953 objects to be deallocated later, skips the body of the deallocator, and
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
954 resumes execution after the END macro. The tp_dealloc routine then returns
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
955 without deallocating anything (and so unbounded call-stack depth is avoided).
12481
a8898a172fe2 Christian Tismer -- total rewrite on trashcan code.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 12406
diff changeset
956
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
957 When the call stack finishes unwinding again, code generated by the END macro
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
958 notices this, and calls another routine to deallocate all the objects that
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
959 may have been added to the list of deferred deallocations. In effect, a
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
960 chain of N deallocations is broken into N / PyTrash_UNWIND_LEVEL pieces,
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
961 with the call stack never exceeding a depth of PyTrash_UNWIND_LEVEL.
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
962 */
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
963
78912
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
964 /* This is the old private API, invoked by the macros before 3.2.4.
78857
6bcaba9e8df2 Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651 78856
diff changeset
965 Kept for binary compatibility of extensions using the stable ABI. */
24420
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
966 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyTrash_deposit_object(PyObject*);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
967 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyTrash_destroy_chain(void);
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
968 PyAPI_DATA(int) _PyTrash_delete_nesting;
36e2fd3f08f7 Excise DL_IMPORT/EXPORT from object.h, and related files. This patch
Mark Hammond <mhammond@skippinet.com.au>
parents: 24280
diff changeset
969 PyAPI_DATA(PyObject *) _PyTrash_delete_later;
24122
d332484e394a Trashcan cleanup: Now that cyclic gc is always there, the trashcan
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 24121
diff changeset
970
78912
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
971 /* The new thread-safe private API, invoked by the macros below. */
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
972 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyTrash_thread_deposit_object(PyObject*);
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
973 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyTrash_thread_destroy_chain(void);
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
974
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
975 #define PyTrash_UNWIND_LEVEL 50
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
976
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
977 #define Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN(op) \
78912
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
978 do { \
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
979 PyThreadState *_tstate = PyThreadState_GET(); \
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
980 if (_tstate->trash_delete_nesting < PyTrash_UNWIND_LEVEL) { \
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
981 ++_tstate->trash_delete_nesting;
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
982 /* The body of the deallocator is here. */
11999
c94247b5c355 Christian Tismer's "trashcan" patch:
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 11891
diff changeset
983 #define Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END(op) \
78912
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
984 --_tstate->trash_delete_nesting; \
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
985 if (_tstate->trash_delete_later && _tstate->trash_delete_nesting <= 0) \
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
986 _PyTrash_thread_destroy_chain(); \
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
987 } \
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
988 else \
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
989 _PyTrash_thread_deposit_object((PyObject*)op); \
5aa1bc2f00ad Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates
Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net>
parents: 77651
diff changeset
990 } while (0);
12481
a8898a172fe2 Christian Tismer -- total rewrite on trashcan code.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 12406
diff changeset
991
77577
d63a80abfbec Issue #14785: Add sys._debugmallocstats() to help debug low-level memory allocation issues
David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>
parents: 76485
diff changeset
992 #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
d63a80abfbec Issue #14785: Add sys._debugmallocstats() to help debug low-level memory allocation issues
David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>
parents: 76485
diff changeset
993 PyAPI_FUNC(void)
d63a80abfbec Issue #14785: Add sys._debugmallocstats() to help debug low-level memory allocation issues
David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>
parents: 76485
diff changeset
994 _PyDebugAllocatorStats(FILE *out, const char *block_name, int num_blocks,
d63a80abfbec Issue #14785: Add sys._debugmallocstats() to help debug low-level memory allocation issues
David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>
parents: 76485
diff changeset
995 size_t sizeof_block);
d63a80abfbec Issue #14785: Add sys._debugmallocstats() to help debug low-level memory allocation issues
David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>
parents: 76485
diff changeset
996 PyAPI_FUNC(void)
d63a80abfbec Issue #14785: Add sys._debugmallocstats() to help debug low-level memory allocation issues
David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>
parents: 76485
diff changeset
997 _PyObject_DebugTypeStats(FILE *out);
d63a80abfbec Issue #14785: Add sys._debugmallocstats() to help debug low-level memory allocation issues
David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>
parents: 76485
diff changeset
998 #endif /* ifndef Py_LIMITED_API */
d63a80abfbec Issue #14785: Add sys._debugmallocstats() to help debug low-level memory allocation issues
David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>
parents: 76485
diff changeset
999
1329
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
1000 #ifdef __cplusplus
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
1001 }
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
1002 #endif
519c25039c6a * Added support for X11 modules.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 1324
diff changeset
1003 #endif /* !Py_OBJECT_H */