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annotate Lib/string.py @ 62799:dcc2e8bf64cf

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Fix: Issue9091 Minor documentation clarification.
author Senthil Kumaran <orsenthil@gmail.com>
date Mon, 05 Jul 2010 11:41:42 +0000
parents 2006a2f4812d
children 91cbb55e20be
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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1 """A collection of string constants.
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2
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3 Public module variables:
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4
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5 whitespace -- a string containing all ASCII whitespace
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6 ascii_lowercase -- a string containing all ASCII lowercase letters
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7 ascii_uppercase -- a string containing all ASCII uppercase letters
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8 ascii_letters -- a string containing all ASCII letters
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9 digits -- a string containing all ASCII decimal digits
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10 hexdigits -- a string containing all ASCII hexadecimal digits
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11 octdigits -- a string containing all ASCII octal digits
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12 punctuation -- a string containing all ASCII punctuation characters
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13 printable -- a string containing all ASCII characters considered printable
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14
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15 """
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16
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17 # Some strings for ctype-style character classification
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18 whitespace = ' \t\n\r\v\f'
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19 ascii_lowercase = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
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20 ascii_uppercase = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
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21 ascii_letters = ascii_lowercase + ascii_uppercase
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22 digits = '0123456789'
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23 hexdigits = digits + 'abcdef' + 'ABCDEF'
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24 octdigits = '01234567'
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25 punctuation = """!"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~"""
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26 printable = digits + ascii_letters + punctuation + whitespace
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27
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28 # Functions which aren't available as string methods.
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29
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30 # Capitalize the words in a string, e.g. " aBc dEf " -> "Abc Def".
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31 def capwords(s, sep=None):
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32 """capwords(s [,sep]) -> string
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33
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34 Split the argument into words using split, capitalize each
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35 word using capitalize, and join the capitalized words using
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36 join. If the optional second argument sep is absent or None,
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37 runs of whitespace characters are replaced by a single space
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38 and leading and trailing whitespace are removed, otherwise
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39 sep is used to split and join the words.
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40
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41 """
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42 return (sep or ' ').join(x.capitalize() for x in s.split(sep))
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43
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44
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45 ####################################################################
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46 import re as _re
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47
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48 class _multimap:
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49 """Helper class for combining multiple mappings.
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50
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51 Used by .{safe_,}substitute() to combine the mapping and keyword
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52 arguments.
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53 """
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54 def __init__(self, primary, secondary):
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55 self._primary = primary
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56 self._secondary = secondary
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57
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58 def __getitem__(self, key):
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59 try:
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60 return self._primary[key]
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61 except KeyError:
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62 return self._secondary[key]
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63
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64
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65 class _TemplateMetaclass(type):
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66 pattern = r"""
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67 %(delim)s(?:
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68 (?P<escaped>%(delim)s) | # Escape sequence of two delimiters
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69 (?P<named>%(id)s) | # delimiter and a Python identifier
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70 {(?P<braced>%(id)s)} | # delimiter and a braced identifier
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71 (?P<invalid>) # Other ill-formed delimiter exprs
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72 )
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73 """
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74
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75 def __init__(cls, name, bases, dct):
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76 super(_TemplateMetaclass, cls).__init__(name, bases, dct)
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77 if 'pattern' in dct:
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78 pattern = cls.pattern
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79 else:
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80 pattern = _TemplateMetaclass.pattern % {
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81 'delim' : _re.escape(cls.delimiter),
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82 'id' : cls.idpattern,
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83 }
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84 cls.pattern = _re.compile(pattern, _re.IGNORECASE | _re.VERBOSE)
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85
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86
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87 class Template(metaclass=_TemplateMetaclass):
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88 """A string class for supporting $-substitutions."""
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89
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90 delimiter = '$'
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91 idpattern = r'[_a-z][_a-z0-9]*'
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92
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93 def __init__(self, template):
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94 self.template = template
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95
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96 # Search for $$, $identifier, ${identifier}, and any bare $'s
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97
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98 def _invalid(self, mo):
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99 i = mo.start('invalid')
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100 lines = self.template[:i].splitlines(True)
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101 if not lines:
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102 colno = 1
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103 lineno = 1
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104 else:
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105 colno = i - len(''.join(lines[:-1]))
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106 lineno = len(lines)
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107 raise ValueError('Invalid placeholder in string: line %d, col %d' %
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108 (lineno, colno))
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109
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110 def substitute(self, *args, **kws):
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111 if len(args) > 1:
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112 raise TypeError('Too many positional arguments')
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113 if not args:
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114 mapping = kws
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115 elif kws:
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116 mapping = _multimap(kws, args[0])
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117 else:
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118 mapping = args[0]
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119 # Helper function for .sub()
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120 def convert(mo):
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121 # Check the most common path first.
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122 named = mo.group('named') or mo.group('braced')
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123 if named is not None:
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124 val = mapping[named]
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125 # We use this idiom instead of str() because the latter will
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126 # fail if val is a Unicode containing non-ASCII characters.
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127 return '%s' % (val,)
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128 if mo.group('escaped') is not None:
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129 return self.delimiter
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130 if mo.group('invalid') is not None:
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131 self._invalid(mo)
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132 raise ValueError('Unrecognized named group in pattern',
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133 self.pattern)
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134 return self.pattern.sub(convert, self.template)
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135
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136 def safe_substitute(self, *args, **kws):
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137 if len(args) > 1:
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138 raise TypeError('Too many positional arguments')
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139 if not args:
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140 mapping = kws
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141 elif kws:
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142 mapping = _multimap(kws, args[0])
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143 else:
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144 mapping = args[0]
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145 # Helper function for .sub()
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146 def convert(mo):
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147 named = mo.group('named')
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148 if named is not None:
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149 try:
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150 # We use this idiom instead of str() because the latter
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151 # will fail if val is a Unicode containing non-ASCII
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152 return '%s' % (mapping[named],)
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153 except KeyError:
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154 return self.delimiter + named
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155 braced = mo.group('braced')
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156 if braced is not None:
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157 try:
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158 return '%s' % (mapping[braced],)
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159 except KeyError:
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160 return self.delimiter + '{' + braced + '}'
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161 if mo.group('escaped') is not None:
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162 return self.delimiter
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163 if mo.group('invalid') is not None:
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164 return self.delimiter
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165 raise ValueError('Unrecognized named group in pattern',
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166 self.pattern)
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167 return self.pattern.sub(convert, self.template)
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168
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169
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170
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171 ########################################################################
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172 # the Formatter class
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173 # see PEP 3101 for details and purpose of this class
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174
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175 # The hard parts are reused from the C implementation. They're exposed as "_"
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176 # prefixed methods of str and unicode.
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177
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178 # The overall parser is implemented in str._formatter_parser.
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179 # The field name parser is implemented in str._formatter_field_name_split
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180
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181 class Formatter:
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182 def format(self, format_string, *args, **kwargs):
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183 return self.vformat(format_string, args, kwargs)
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184
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185 def vformat(self, format_string, args, kwargs):
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186 used_args = set()
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187 result = self._vformat(format_string, args, kwargs, used_args, 2)
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188 self.check_unused_args(used_args, args, kwargs)
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189 return result
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190
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191 def _vformat(self, format_string, args, kwargs, used_args, recursion_depth):
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192 if recursion_depth < 0:
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193 raise ValueError('Max string recursion exceeded')
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194 result = []
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195 for literal_text, field_name, format_spec, conversion in \
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196 self.parse(format_string):
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197
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198 # output the literal text
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199 if literal_text:
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200 result.append(literal_text)
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201
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202 # if there's a field, output it
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203 if field_name is not None:
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204 # this is some markup, find the object and do
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205 # the formatting
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206
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207 # given the field_name, find the object it references
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208 # and the argument it came from
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209 obj, arg_used = self.get_field(field_name, args, kwargs)
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210 used_args.add(arg_used)
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211
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212 # do any conversion on the resulting object
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213 obj = self.convert_field(obj, conversion)
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214
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215 # expand the format spec, if needed
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216 format_spec = self._vformat(format_spec, args, kwargs,
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217 used_args, recursion_depth-1)
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218
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219 # format the object and append to the result
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220 result.append(self.format_field(obj, format_spec))
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221
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222 return ''.join(result)
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223
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224
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225 def get_value(self, key, args, kwargs):
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226 if isinstance(key, int):
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227 return args[key]
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228 else:
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229 return kwargs[key]
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230
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231
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232 def check_unused_args(self, used_args, args, kwargs):
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233 pass
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234
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235
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236 def format_field(self, value, format_spec):
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237 return format(value, format_spec)
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238
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239
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240 def convert_field(self, value, conversion):
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241 # do any conversion on the resulting object
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242 if conversion == 'r':
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243 return repr(value)
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244 elif conversion == 's':
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245 return str(value)
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246 elif conversion is None:
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247 return value
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248 raise ValueError("Unknown converion specifier {0!s}".format(conversion))
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249
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250
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251 # returns an iterable that contains tuples of the form:
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252 # (literal_text, field_name, format_spec, conversion)
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253 # literal_text can be zero length
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254 # field_name can be None, in which case there's no
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255 # object to format and output
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256 # if field_name is not None, it is looked up, formatted
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257 # with format_spec and conversion and then used
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258 def parse(self, format_string):
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259 return format_string._formatter_parser()
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260
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261
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262 # given a field_name, find the object it references.
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263 # field_name: the field being looked up, e.g. "0.name"
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264 # or "lookup[3]"
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265 # used_args: a set of which args have been used
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266 # args, kwargs: as passed in to vformat
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267 def get_field(self, field_name, args, kwargs):
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268 first, rest = field_name._formatter_field_name_split()
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269
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270 obj = self.get_value(first, args, kwargs)
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271
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parents: 42896
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272 # loop through the rest of the field_name, doing
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parents: 42896
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273 # getattr or getitem as needed
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parents: 42896
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274 for is_attr, i in rest:
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parents: 42896
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275 if is_attr:
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parents: 42896
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276 obj = getattr(obj, i)
4ecbae07481f Simplified tuple returned by string._formatter_parser to only have
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parents: 42896
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277 else:
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parents: 42896
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278 obj = obj[i]
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parents: 42896
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279
43112
90c715bc7d30 Changed signature of string.Formatter.get_field, per suggestion by
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parents: 43020
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280 return obj, first