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annotate Lib/fileinput.py @ 27998:e27f58a50737 legacy-trunk

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SF bug #690377: Dud footnote reference in distutils docs
author Raymond Hettinger <python@rcn.com>
date Fri, 21 Feb 2003 02:47:09 +0000
parents 0cadc29180e6
children 25cc61614720 0d5f8077bd24
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1 """Helper class to quickly write a loop over all standard input files.
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2
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3 Typical use is:
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4
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5 import fileinput
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6 for line in fileinput.input():
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7 process(line)
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8
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9 This iterates over the lines of all files listed in sys.argv[1:],
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10 defaulting to sys.stdin if the list is empty. If a filename is '-' it
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11 is also replaced by sys.stdin. To specify an alternative list of
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12 filenames, pass it as the argument to input(). A single file name is
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13 also allowed.
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14
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15 Functions filename(), lineno() return the filename and cumulative line
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16 number of the line that has just been read; filelineno() returns its
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17 line number in the current file; isfirstline() returns true iff the
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18 line just read is the first line of its file; isstdin() returns true
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19 iff the line was read from sys.stdin. Function nextfile() closes the
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20 current file so that the next iteration will read the first line from
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21 the next file (if any); lines not read from the file will not count
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22 towards the cumulative line count; the filename is not changed until
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23 after the first line of the next file has been read. Function close()
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24 closes the sequence.
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25
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26 Before any lines have been read, filename() returns None and both line
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27 numbers are zero; nextfile() has no effect. After all lines have been
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28 read, filename() and the line number functions return the values
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29 pertaining to the last line read; nextfile() has no effect.
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30
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31 All files are opened in text mode. If an I/O error occurs during
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32 opening or reading a file, the IOError exception is raised.
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33
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34 If sys.stdin is used more than once, the second and further use will
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35 return no lines, except perhaps for interactive use, or if it has been
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36 explicitly reset (e.g. using sys.stdin.seek(0)).
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37
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38 Empty files are opened and immediately closed; the only time their
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39 presence in the list of filenames is noticeable at all is when the
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40 last file opened is empty.
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41
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42 It is possible that the last line of a file doesn't end in a newline
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43 character; otherwise lines are returned including the trailing
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44 newline.
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45
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46 Class FileInput is the implementation; its methods filename(),
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47 lineno(), fileline(), isfirstline(), isstdin(), nextfile() and close()
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48 correspond to the functions in the module. In addition it has a
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49 readline() method which returns the next input line, and a
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50 __getitem__() method which implements the sequence behavior. The
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51 sequence must be accessed in strictly sequential order; sequence
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52 access and readline() cannot be mixed.
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53
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54 Optional in-place filtering: if the keyword argument inplace=1 is
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55 passed to input() or to the FileInput constructor, the file is moved
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56 to a backup file and standard output is directed to the input file.
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57 This makes it possible to write a filter that rewrites its input file
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58 in place. If the keyword argument backup=".<some extension>" is also
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59 given, it specifies the extension for the backup file, and the backup
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60 file remains around; by default, the extension is ".bak" and it is
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61 deleted when the output file is closed. In-place filtering is
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62 disabled when standard input is read. XXX The current implementation
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63 does not work for MS-DOS 8+3 filesystems.
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64
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65 Performance: this module is unfortunately one of the slower ways of
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66 processing large numbers of input lines. Nevertheless, a significant
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67 speed-up has been obtained by using readlines(bufsize) instead of
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68 readline(). A new keyword argument, bufsize=N, is present on the
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69 input() function and the FileInput() class to override the default
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70 buffer size.
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71
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72 XXX Possible additions:
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73
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74 - optional getopt argument processing
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75 - specify open mode ('r' or 'rb')
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76 - fileno()
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77 - isatty()
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78 - read(), read(size), even readlines()
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79
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80 """
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81
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82 import sys, os
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83
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84 __all__ = ["input","close","nextfile","filename","lineno","filelineno",
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85 "isfirstline","isstdin","FileInput"]
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86
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87 _state = None
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88
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89 DEFAULT_BUFSIZE = 8*1024
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90
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91 def input(files=None, inplace=0, backup="", bufsize=0):
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92 """input([files[, inplace[, backup]]])
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93
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94 Create an instance of the FileInput class. The instance will be used
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95 as global state for the functions of this module, and is also returned
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96 to use during iteration. The parameters to this function will be passed
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97 along to the constructor of the FileInput class.
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98 """
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99 global _state
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100 if _state and _state._file:
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101 raise RuntimeError, "input() already active"
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102 _state = FileInput(files, inplace, backup, bufsize)
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103 return _state
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104
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105 def close():
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106 """Close the sequence."""
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107 global _state
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108 state = _state
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109 _state = None
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110 if state:
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111 state.close()
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112
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113 def nextfile():
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114 """
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115 Close the current file so that the next iteration will read the first
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116 line from the next file (if any); lines not read from the file will
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117 not count towards the cumulative line count. The filename is not
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118 changed until after the first line of the next file has been read.
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119 Before the first line has been read, this function has no effect;
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120 it cannot be used to skip the first file. After the last line of the
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121 last file has been read, this function has no effect.
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122 """
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123 if not _state:
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124 raise RuntimeError, "no active input()"
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125 return _state.nextfile()
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126
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127 def filename():
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128 """
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129 Return the name of the file currently being read.
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130 Before the first line has been read, returns None.
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131 """
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132 if not _state:
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133 raise RuntimeError, "no active input()"
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134 return _state.filename()
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135
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136 def lineno():
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137 """
68c776ba5ea5 Added docstrings excerpted from Python Library Reference.
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138 Return the cumulative line number of the line that has just been read.
68c776ba5ea5 Added docstrings excerpted from Python Library Reference.
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139 Before the first line has been read, returns 0. After the last line
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140 of the last file has been read, returns the line number of that line.
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141 """
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142 if not _state:
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143 raise RuntimeError, "no active input()"
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144 return _state.lineno()
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145
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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146 def filelineno():
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147 """
68c776ba5ea5 Added docstrings excerpted from Python Library Reference.
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148 Return the line number in the current file. Before the first line
68c776ba5ea5 Added docstrings excerpted from Python Library Reference.
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149 has been read, returns 0. After the last line of the last file has
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150 been read, returns the line number of that line within the file.
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151 """
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152 if not _state:
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153 raise RuntimeError, "no active input()"
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154 return _state.filelineno()
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155
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156 def isfirstline():
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157 """
68c776ba5ea5 Added docstrings excerpted from Python Library Reference.
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158 Returns true the line just read is the first line of its file,
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159 otherwise returns false.
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160 """
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161 if not _state:
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162 raise RuntimeError, "no active input()"
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163 return _state.isfirstline()
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164
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165 def isstdin():
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166 """
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167 Returns true if the last line was read from sys.stdin,
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168 otherwise returns false.
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169 """
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170 if not _state:
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171 raise RuntimeError, "no active input()"
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172 return _state.isstdin()
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173
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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174 class FileInput:
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175 """class FileInput([files[, inplace[, backup]]])
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176
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177 Class FileInput is the implementation of the module; its methods
68c776ba5ea5 Added docstrings excerpted from Python Library Reference.
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178 filename(), lineno(), fileline(), isfirstline(), isstdin(), nextfile()
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179 and close() correspond to the functions of the same name in the module.
68c776ba5ea5 Added docstrings excerpted from Python Library Reference.
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180 In addition it has a readline() method which returns the next
68c776ba5ea5 Added docstrings excerpted from Python Library Reference.
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181 input line, and a __getitem__() method which implements the
68c776ba5ea5 Added docstrings excerpted from Python Library Reference.
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182 sequence behavior. The sequence must be accessed in strictly
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183 sequential order; random access and readline() cannot be mixed.
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184 """
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185
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186 def __init__(self, files=None, inplace=0, backup="", bufsize=0):
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187 if type(files) == type(''):
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188 files = (files,)
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189 else:
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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190 if files is None:
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191 files = sys.argv[1:]
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192 if not files:
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193 files = ('-',)
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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194 else:
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195 files = tuple(files)
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196 self._files = files
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197 self._inplace = inplace
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198 self._backup = backup
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199 self._bufsize = bufsize or DEFAULT_BUFSIZE
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200 self._savestdout = None
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201 self._output = None
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202 self._filename = None
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203 self._lineno = 0
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204 self._filelineno = 0
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205 self._file = None
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e2f2187c3d2c Partial introduction of bools where appropriate.
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206 self._isstdin = False
8687
fd49ed65cd20 Add missing initializer for self._backupfilename. Due to Ralph Butler.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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207 self._backupfilename = None
15746
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
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208 self._buffer = []
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209 self._bufindex = 0
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210
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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211 def __del__(self):
7755
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212 self.close()
6620
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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213
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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214 def close(self):
7755
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215 self.nextfile()
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216 self._files = ()
6620
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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217
22595
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
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diff changeset
218 def __iter__(self):
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
219 return self
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
220
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
221 def next(self):
15746
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 12340
diff changeset
222 try:
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 12340
diff changeset
223 line = self._buffer[self._bufindex]
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 12340
diff changeset
224 except IndexError:
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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225 pass
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
226 else:
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
227 self._bufindex += 1
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 12340
diff changeset
228 self._lineno += 1
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
229 self._filelineno += 1
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
230 return line
22595
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
231 line = self.readline()
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
232 if not line:
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
233 raise StopIteration
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
234 return line
23075
b7e87732f6ab Whitespace normalization.
Tim Peters <tim.peters@gmail.com>
parents: 22867
diff changeset
235
22595
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
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diff changeset
236 def __getitem__(self, i):
7755
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237 if i != self._lineno:
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
238 raise RuntimeError, "accessing lines out of order"
22595
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
239 try:
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
240 return self.next()
204d46fc54f6 Implement iterator protocol.
Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
parents: 20654
diff changeset
241 except StopIteration:
7755
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diff changeset
242 raise IndexError, "end of input reached"
6620
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
243
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
244 def nextfile(self):
7755
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
245 savestdout = self._savestdout
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
246 self._savestdout = 0
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
247 if savestdout:
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diff changeset
248 sys.stdout = savestdout
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
249
7755
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diff changeset
250 output = self._output
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diff changeset
251 self._output = 0
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6620
diff changeset
252 if output:
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
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diff changeset
253 output.close()
6620
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
254
7755
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diff changeset
255 file = self._file
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
256 self._file = 0
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
257 if file and not self._isstdin:
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
258 file.close()
6620
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
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259
7755
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diff changeset
260 backupfilename = self._backupfilename
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diff changeset
261 self._backupfilename = 0
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Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
262 if backupfilename and not self._backup:
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 6620
diff changeset
263 try: os.unlink(backupfilename)
24807
685cd52c4c43 tightening up a few except: clauses
Skip Montanaro <skip@pobox.com>
parents: 23697
diff changeset
264 except OSError: pass
6620
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
265
22867
e2f2187c3d2c Partial introduction of bools where appropriate.
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
266 self._isstdin = False
15746
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents: 12340
diff changeset
267 self._buffer = []
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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268 self._bufindex = 0
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269
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270 def readline(self):
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271 try:
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272 line = self._buffer[self._bufindex]
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273 except IndexError:
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274 pass
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275 else:
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276 self._bufindex += 1
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277 self._lineno += 1
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278 self._filelineno += 1
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279 return line
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280 if not self._file:
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281 if not self._files:
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282 return ""
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283 self._filename = self._files[0]
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284 self._files = self._files[1:]
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285 self._filelineno = 0
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286 self._file = None
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287 self._isstdin = False
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288 self._backupfilename = 0
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289 if self._filename == '-':
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290 self._filename = '<stdin>'
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291 self._file = sys.stdin
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292 self._isstdin = True
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293 else:
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294 if self._inplace:
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295 self._backupfilename = (
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296 self._filename + (self._backup or os.extsep+"bak"))
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297 try: os.unlink(self._backupfilename)
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298 except os.error: pass
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299 # The next few lines may raise IOError
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300 os.rename(self._filename, self._backupfilename)
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301 self._file = open(self._backupfilename, "r")
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302 try:
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c0e8c07ae1d6 Replace obsolete stat module constants with
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303 perm = os.fstat(self._file.fileno()).st_mode
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304 except OSError:
11387
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305 self._output = open(self._filename, "w")
019cd21c8c9f Fix for PR#111: when using the inplace option, give the new file the
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306 else:
019cd21c8c9f Fix for PR#111: when using the inplace option, give the new file the
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307 fd = os.open(self._filename,
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308 os.O_CREAT | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_TRUNC,
019cd21c8c9f Fix for PR#111: when using the inplace option, give the new file the
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diff changeset
309 perm)
019cd21c8c9f Fix for PR#111: when using the inplace option, give the new file the
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310 self._output = os.fdopen(fd, "w")
019cd21c8c9f Fix for PR#111: when using the inplace option, give the new file the
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diff changeset
311 try:
27166
0cadc29180e6 Test that chmod() actually exists before calling it (it doesn't on MacOS9).
Jack Jansen <jack.jansen@cwi.nl>
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diff changeset
312 if hasattr(os, 'chmod'):
0cadc29180e6 Test that chmod() actually exists before calling it (it doesn't on MacOS9).
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313 os.chmod(self._filename, perm)
24807
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diff changeset
314 except OSError:
11387
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315 pass
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316 self._savestdout = sys.stdout
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317 sys.stdout = self._output
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318 else:
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319 # This may raise IOError
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320 self._file = open(self._filename, "r")
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4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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321 self._buffer = self._file.readlines(self._bufsize)
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
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322 self._bufindex = 0
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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323 if not self._buffer:
4dbbf322a9df Speed it up by using readlines(sizehint). It's still slower than
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324 self.nextfile()
7755
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325 # Recursive call
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326 return self.readline()
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327
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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328 def filename(self):
7755
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329 return self._filename
6620
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diff changeset
330
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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331 def lineno(self):
7755
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332 return self._lineno
6620
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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parents:
diff changeset
333
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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diff changeset
334 def filelineno(self):
7755
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335 return self._filelineno
6620
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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parents:
diff changeset
336
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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337 def isfirstline(self):
7755
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338 return self._filelineno == 1
6620
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339
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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340 def isstdin(self):
7755
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341 return self._isstdin
6620
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diff changeset
342
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
343 def _test():
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
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diff changeset
344 import getopt
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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diff changeset
345 inplace = 0
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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diff changeset
346 backup = 0
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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diff changeset
347 opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "ib:")
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
348 for o, a in opts:
7755
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
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diff changeset
349 if o == '-i': inplace = 1
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
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diff changeset
350 if o == '-b': backup = a
6620
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parents:
diff changeset
351 for line in input(args, inplace=inplace, backup=backup):
7755
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
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diff changeset
352 if line[-1:] == '\n': line = line[:-1]
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
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diff changeset
353 if line[-1:] == '\r': line = line[:-1]
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
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diff changeset
354 print "%d: %s[%d]%s %s" % (lineno(), filename(), filelineno(),
fb4b4d069cc7 Mass check-in after untabifying all files that need it.
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diff changeset
355 isfirstline() and "*" or "", line)
6620
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
356 print "%d: %s[%d]" % (lineno(), filename(), filelineno())
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
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diff changeset
357
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
358 if __name__ == '__main__':
00b1b77c4177 A new standard module, as discussed on comp.lang.python, to simplify
Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
parents:
diff changeset
359 _test()