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| author | Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org> |
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| date | Tue, 02 Dec 1997 20:38:11 +0000 |
| parents | a7ea74a27993 |
| children | 3eca5f37501a |
| rev | line source |
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1 \section{Built-in Module \sectcode{math}} |
| 5818 | 2 \label{module-math} |
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3 |
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4 \bimodindex{math} |
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5 \renewcommand{\indexsubitem}{(in module math)} |
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6 This module is always available. |
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7 It provides access to the mathematical functions defined by the C |
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8 standard. |
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9 They are: |
| 6363 | 10 |
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11 \begin{funcdesc}{acos}{x} |
| 6363 | 12 Return the arc cosine of \var{x}. |
| 13 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 14 | |
| 15 \begin{funcdesc}{asin}{x} | |
| 16 Return the arc sine of \var{x}. | |
| 17 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 18 | |
| 19 \begin{funcdesc}{atan}{x} | |
| 20 Return the arc tangent of \var{x}. | |
| 21 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 22 | |
| 23 \begin{funcdesc}{atan2}{x, y} | |
| 24 Return \code{atan(x / y)}. | |
| 25 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 26 | |
| 27 \begin{funcdesc}{ceil}{x} | |
| 28 Return the ceiling of \var{x}. | |
| 29 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 30 | |
| 31 \begin{funcdesc}{cos}{x} | |
| 32 Return the cosine of \var{x}. | |
| 33 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 34 | |
| 35 \begin{funcdesc}{cosh}{x} | |
| 36 Return the hyperbolic cosine of \var{x}. | |
| 37 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 38 | |
| 39 \begin{funcdesc}{exp}{x} | |
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40 Return \code{e**\var{x}}. |
| 6363 | 41 \end{funcdesc} |
| 42 | |
| 43 \begin{funcdesc}{fabs}{x} | |
| 44 Return the absolute value of the real \var{x}. | |
| 45 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 46 | |
| 47 \begin{funcdesc}{floor}{x} | |
| 48 Return the floor of \var{x}. | |
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49 \end{funcdesc} |
| 6363 | 50 |
| 51 \begin{funcdesc}{fmod}{x, y} | |
| 52 Return \code{x \% y}. | |
| 53 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 54 | |
| 55 \begin{funcdesc}{frexp}{x} | |
| 56 Return the matissa and exponent for \var{x}. The mantissa is | |
| 57 positive. | |
| 58 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 59 | |
| 60 \begin{funcdesc}{hypot}{x, y} | |
| 61 Return the Euclidean distance, \code{sqrt(x*x + y*y)}. | |
| 62 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 63 | |
| 64 \begin{funcdesc}{ldexp}{x, i} | |
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65 Return \code{\var{x} * (2**\var{i})}. |
| 6363 | 66 \end{funcdesc} |
| 67 | |
| 68 \begin{funcdesc}{modf}{x} | |
| 69 Return the fractional and integer parts of \var{x}. Both results | |
| 70 carry the sign of \var{x}. | |
| 71 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 72 | |
| 73 \begin{funcdesc}{pow}{x, y} | |
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6647
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parents:
6485
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74 Return \code{\var{x}**\var{y}}. |
| 6363 | 75 \end{funcdesc} |
| 76 | |
| 77 \begin{funcdesc}{sin}{x} | |
| 78 Return the sine of \var{x}. | |
| 79 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 80 | |
| 81 \begin{funcdesc}{sinh}{x} | |
| 82 Return the hyperbolic sine of \var{x}. | |
| 83 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 84 | |
| 85 \begin{funcdesc}{sqrt}{x} | |
| 86 Return the square root of \var{x}. | |
| 87 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 88 | |
| 89 \begin{funcdesc}{tan}{x} | |
| 90 Return the tangent of \var{x}. | |
| 91 \end{funcdesc} | |
| 92 | |
| 93 \begin{funcdesc}{tanh}{x} | |
| 94 Return the hyperbolic tangent of \var{x}. | |
| 95 \end{funcdesc} | |
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96 |
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97 Note that \code{frexp} and \code{modf} have a different call/return |
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98 pattern than their C equivalents: they take a single argument and |
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99 return a pair of values, rather than returning their second return |
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100 value through an `output parameter' (there is no such thing in Python). |
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101 |
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102 The module also defines two mathematical constants: |
| 6363 | 103 |
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104 \begin{datadesc}{pi} |
| 6363 | 105 The mathematical constant \emph{pi}. |
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106 \end{datadesc} |
| 5818 | 107 |
| 6363 | 108 \begin{datadesc}{e} |
| 109 The mathematical constant \emph{e}. | |
| 110 \end{datadesc} | |
| 111 | |
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6485
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112 \begin{seealso} |
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2f258162aae2
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Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
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113 \seemodule{cmath}{Complex number versions of many of these functions.} |
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Restore the \seealso formatting that got lost when I updated the math
Fred Drake <fdrake@acm.org>
parents:
6363
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114 \end{seealso} |