view Python/symtable.c @ 42309:bd6acfdb47d2

Merged revisions 56301-56442 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/branches/p3yk ................ r56322 | kurt.kaiser | 2007-07-12 11:35:03 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Replace obscure code which was failing in py3k. ................ r56323 | kurt.kaiser | 2007-07-12 11:44:12 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 3 lines 1. Remove new division option 2. Update IDLE version to 3.0x ................ r56327 | kurt.kaiser | 2007-07-12 12:20:20 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 5 lines Fix another instance of this defect in Tkinter, and one in IDLE. Patch 1724999 by Ali Gholami Rudi -- avoid complaints about dict size change during iter in destroy call. ................ r56339 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-13 03:07:25 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Fix #1753310: regrtest -x doesn't work anymore ................ r56361 | kurt.kaiser | 2007-07-13 18:25:24 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 2 lines convert a map() iterator to a list to get this working. ................ r56362 | kurt.kaiser | 2007-07-13 18:53:45 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Was modifying dict during iteration. ................ r56376 | collin.winter | 2007-07-14 11:56:19 -0700 (Sat, 14 Jul 2007) | 1 line Add an example of class decorators to test_grammar. ................ r56377 | collin.winter | 2007-07-14 12:00:17 -0700 (Sat, 14 Jul 2007) | 1 line Add a basic example of dictcomps to test_grammar. ................ r56413 | neal.norwitz | 2007-07-17 00:21:18 -0700 (Tue, 17 Jul 2007) | 149 lines Merged revisions 56202-56412 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r56204 | ronald.oussoren | 2007-07-08 23:02:21 -0700 (Sun, 08 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Patch 1693258: Fix for duplicate "preferences" menu-OS X ........ r56207 | ronald.oussoren | 2007-07-09 01:41:15 -0700 (Mon, 09 Jul 2007) | 4 lines Patch 1673122: be explicit about which libtool to use, to avoid name clashes when a users install GNU libtool early in his PATH ........ r56280 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-11 12:41:49 -0700 (Wed, 11 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Fix #1752132: wrong comment in opcode description. ........ r56293 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-12 01:05:45 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1752270, #1750931: complain if urllib2 add_handler called without handler. ........ r56296 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-12 01:11:29 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1739696: use code.co_code only if really necessary ........ r56298 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-12 01:38:00 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1673759: add a missing overflow check when formatting floats with %G. ........ r56302 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-12 02:06:41 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1731659: improve time.strptime docs. ........ r56304 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-12 02:24:04 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1731169: clean up expected skips list. ........ r56306 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-12 02:37:49 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 3 lines Bug #1637365: add subsection about "__name__ == __main__" to the Python tutorial. ........ r56308 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-12 02:59:22 -0700 (Thu, 12 Jul 2007) | 5 lines Patch #1675424: Added tests for uncovered code in the zipfile module. The KeyError raised by Zipfile.getinfo for nonexistent names now has a descriptive message. ........ r56340 | facundo.batista | 2007-07-13 03:43:44 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 6 lines Added tests for basic behavior of DateTime, Binary, and Fault classes and the escape function. Check that marshalling recursive sequences & dicts raises TypeError. Check that marshalling out-of-range ints raises OverflowError [Alan McIntyre - GSoC] ........ r56345 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-07-13 05:09:41 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 1 line Correct the docs for takewhile(). Improve the recipe for nth(). Should be backported ........ r56348 | thomas.heller | 2007-07-13 06:59:39 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 4 lines Repair COMError. Since exceptions are new style classes now, setting the methods and docstring after the type creation does not work, they must be in the dictionary before creating the type. ........ r56349 | thomas.heller | 2007-07-13 07:18:06 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 1 line Add tests for _ctypes.COMError. ........ r56350 | thomas.heller | 2007-07-13 09:50:43 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 4 lines Do not try to load the GLUT library in the ctypes tests. This test adds little value, but has a large problem on OS X, as explained in SF# 1581906. ........ r56352 | thomas.heller | 2007-07-13 10:12:23 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 3 lines Fix for SF# 1701409: segfault in c_char_p of ctypes. The repr output of c_char_p and c_wchar_p has changed as a sideeffect. ........ r56355 | thomas.heller | 2007-07-13 10:46:54 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 3 lines Fix for SF# 1649098: avoid zero-sized array declaration in structure. ........ r56357 | thomas.heller | 2007-07-13 12:51:55 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 3 lines PyType_stgdict() returns a borrowed reference which must not be Py_DECREF'd. ........ r56360 | barry.warsaw | 2007-07-13 15:12:58 -0700 (Fri, 13 Jul 2007) | 10 lines In response to this SF bug: [ 1752723 ] email.message_from_string: initial line gets discarded I added a test to assert that when the first line of text passed to message_from_string() contains a leading space, the message ends up with the appropriate FirstHeaderLineIsContinuationDefect on its defects list. The bug is invalid. ........ r56364 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-14 10:12:23 -0700 (Sat, 14 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Bug #1753406: missing \versionadded for subprocess.check_call. ........ r56366 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-14 10:32:41 -0700 (Sat, 14 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Clarify webbrowser.open description. ........ r56380 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-07-14 13:58:21 -0700 (Sat, 14 Jul 2007) | 1 line Typo fix ........ r56382 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-07-14 14:56:19 -0700 (Sat, 14 Jul 2007) | 7 lines Avoid exception if there's a stray directory inside a Maildir folder. The Maildir specification doesn't seem to say anything about this situation, and it can happen if you're keeping a Maildir mailbox in Subversion (.svn directories) or some similar system. The patch just ignores directories in the cur/, new/, tmp/ folders. ........ r56392 | facundo.batista | 2007-07-14 15:41:45 -0700 (Sat, 14 Jul 2007) | 6 lines First version. Includes tests for helper functions: read, write, _exception, readwrite, closeall, compact_traceback; and for classes dispatcher, dispatcher_with_send, and file_wrapper. [Alan McIntyre - GSoC] ........ r56399 | facundo.batista | 2007-07-15 13:30:39 -0700 (Sun, 15 Jul 2007) | 5 lines Changed the used port and commented out some tests that uses a non documented function that appers to uses resources not present in Windows. ........ r56412 | facundo.batista | 2007-07-16 19:19:39 -0700 (Mon, 16 Jul 2007) | 6 lines Prevent asyncore.dispatcher tests from hanging by adding loop counters to server & client, and by adding asyncore.close_all calls in tearDown. Also choose correct expected logging results based on the value of __debug__ [Alan McIntyre - GSoC] ........ ................ r56442 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-07-18 10:26:38 -0700 (Wed, 18 Jul 2007) | 14 lines Merged revisions 56413-56441 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r56439 | georg.brandl | 2007-07-17 23:37:55 -0700 (Tue, 17 Jul 2007) | 2 lines Use "Unix" as platform name, not "UNIX". ........ r56441 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-07-18 10:19:14 -0700 (Wed, 18 Jul 2007) | 3 lines SF patch# 1755885 by Kurt Kaiser: show location of Unicode escape errors. (Slightly tweaked for style and refcounts.) ........ ................
author Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
date Wed, 18 Jul 2007 18:15:48 +0000
parents 090588a17490
children e70cdce0e8b2
line wrap: on
line source

#include "Python.h"
#include "Python-ast.h"
#include "code.h"
#include "symtable.h"
#include "structmember.h"

/* error strings used for warnings */
#define GLOBAL_AFTER_ASSIGN \
"name '%.400s' is assigned to before global declaration"

#define NONLOCAL_AFTER_ASSIGN \
"name '%.400s' is assigned to before nonlocal declaration"

#define GLOBAL_AFTER_USE \
"name '%.400s' is used prior to global declaration"

#define NONLOCAL_AFTER_USE \
"name '%.400s' is used prior to nonlocal declaration"

#define IMPORT_STAR_WARNING "import * only allowed at module level"

#define RETURN_VAL_IN_GENERATOR \
    "'return' with argument inside generator"

/* XXX(nnorwitz): change name since static? */
static PySTEntryObject *
PySTEntry_New(struct symtable *st, identifier name, _Py_block_ty block,
	      void *key, int lineno)
{
	PySTEntryObject *ste = NULL;
	PyObject *k;

	k = PyLong_FromVoidPtr(key);
	if (k == NULL)
		goto fail;
	ste = (PySTEntryObject *)PyObject_New(PySTEntryObject,
					      &PySTEntry_Type);
	ste->ste_table = st;
	ste->ste_id = k;
	ste->ste_tmpname = 0;

	ste->ste_name = name;
	Py_INCREF(name);

	ste->ste_symbols = NULL;
	ste->ste_varnames = NULL;
	ste->ste_children = NULL;

	ste->ste_symbols = PyDict_New();
	if (ste->ste_symbols == NULL)
	    goto fail;

	ste->ste_varnames = PyList_New(0);
	if (ste->ste_varnames == NULL)
	    goto fail;

	ste->ste_children = PyList_New(0);
	if (ste->ste_children == NULL)
	    goto fail;

	ste->ste_type = block;
	ste->ste_unoptimized = 0;
	ste->ste_nested = 0;
	ste->ste_free = 0;
	ste->ste_varargs = 0;
	ste->ste_varkeywords = 0;
	ste->ste_opt_lineno = 0;
	ste->ste_tmpname = 0;
	ste->ste_lineno = lineno;

	if (st->st_cur != NULL &&
	    (st->st_cur->ste_nested ||
	     st->st_cur->ste_type == FunctionBlock))
		ste->ste_nested = 1;
	ste->ste_child_free = 0;
	ste->ste_generator = 0;
	ste->ste_returns_value = 0;

	if (PyDict_SetItem(st->st_blocks, ste->ste_id, (PyObject *)ste) < 0)
	    goto fail;
	
	return ste;
 fail:
	Py_XDECREF(ste);
	return NULL;
}

static PyObject *
ste_repr(PySTEntryObject *ste)
{
	return PyUnicode_FromFormat("<symtable entry %U(%ld), line %d>",
	                            ste->ste_name,
	                            PyInt_AS_LONG(ste->ste_id), ste->ste_lineno);
}

static void
ste_dealloc(PySTEntryObject *ste)
{
	ste->ste_table = NULL;
	Py_XDECREF(ste->ste_id);
	Py_XDECREF(ste->ste_name);
	Py_XDECREF(ste->ste_symbols);
	Py_XDECREF(ste->ste_varnames);
	Py_XDECREF(ste->ste_children);
	PyObject_Del(ste);
}

#define OFF(x) offsetof(PySTEntryObject, x)

static PyMemberDef ste_memberlist[] = {
	{"id",       T_OBJECT, OFF(ste_id), READONLY},
	{"name",     T_OBJECT, OFF(ste_name), READONLY},
	{"symbols",  T_OBJECT, OFF(ste_symbols), READONLY},
	{"varnames", T_OBJECT, OFF(ste_varnames), READONLY},
	{"children", T_OBJECT, OFF(ste_children), READONLY},
	{"type",     T_INT,    OFF(ste_type), READONLY},
	{"lineno",   T_INT,    OFF(ste_lineno), READONLY},
	{NULL}
};

PyTypeObject PySTEntry_Type = {
	PyObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type)
	0,
	"symtable entry",
	sizeof(PySTEntryObject),
	0,
	(destructor)ste_dealloc,                /* tp_dealloc */
	0,                                      /* tp_print */
	0,			               /* tp_getattr */
	0,					/* tp_setattr */
	0,			                /* tp_compare */
	(reprfunc)ste_repr,			/* tp_repr */
	0,					/* tp_as_number */
	0,			                /* tp_as_sequence */
	0,					/* tp_as_mapping */
	0,					/* tp_hash */
	0,					/* tp_call */
	0,					/* tp_str */
	PyObject_GenericGetAttr,		/* tp_getattro */
	0,					/* tp_setattro */
	0,					/* tp_as_buffer */
	Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,	                /* tp_flags */
 	0,					/* tp_doc */
	0,					/* tp_traverse */
	0,					/* tp_clear */
	0,					/* tp_richcompare */
	0,					/* tp_weaklistoffset */
	0,					/* tp_iter */
	0,					/* tp_iternext */
	0,					/* tp_methods */
	ste_memberlist,				/* tp_members */
	0,					/* tp_getset */
	0,					/* tp_base */
	0,					/* tp_dict */
	0,					/* tp_descr_get */
	0,					/* tp_descr_set */
	0,					/* tp_dictoffset */
	0,					/* tp_init */
	0,					/* tp_alloc */
	0,					/* tp_new */
};

static int symtable_analyze(struct symtable *st);
static int symtable_warn(struct symtable *st, char *msg, int lineno);
static int symtable_enter_block(struct symtable *st, identifier name, 
				_Py_block_ty block, void *ast, int lineno);
static int symtable_exit_block(struct symtable *st, void *ast);
static int symtable_visit_stmt(struct symtable *st, stmt_ty s);
static int symtable_visit_expr(struct symtable *st, expr_ty s);
static int symtable_visit_genexp(struct symtable *st, expr_ty s);
static int symtable_visit_listcomp(struct symtable *st, expr_ty s);
static int symtable_visit_setcomp(struct symtable *st, expr_ty s);
static int symtable_visit_dictcomp(struct symtable *st, expr_ty s);
static int symtable_visit_arguments(struct symtable *st, arguments_ty);
static int symtable_visit_excepthandler(struct symtable *st, excepthandler_ty);
static int symtable_visit_alias(struct symtable *st, alias_ty);
static int symtable_visit_comprehension(struct symtable *st, comprehension_ty);
static int symtable_visit_keyword(struct symtable *st, keyword_ty);
static int symtable_visit_slice(struct symtable *st, slice_ty);
static int symtable_visit_params(struct symtable *st, asdl_seq *args);
static int symtable_visit_argannotations(struct symtable *st, asdl_seq *args);
static int symtable_implicit_arg(struct symtable *st, int pos);
static int symtable_visit_annotations(struct symtable *st, stmt_ty s);


static identifier top = NULL, lambda = NULL, genexpr = NULL,
    listcomp = NULL, setcomp = NULL, dictcomp = NULL, __class__ = NULL;

#define GET_IDENTIFIER(VAR) \
	((VAR) ? (VAR) : ((VAR) = PyUnicode_InternFromString(# VAR)))

#define DUPLICATE_ARGUMENT \
"duplicate argument '%s' in function definition"

static struct symtable *
symtable_new(void)
{
	struct symtable *st;

	st = (struct symtable *)PyMem_Malloc(sizeof(struct symtable));
	if (st == NULL)
		return NULL;

	st->st_filename = NULL;
	st->st_blocks = NULL;

	if ((st->st_stack = PyList_New(0)) == NULL)
		goto fail;
	if ((st->st_blocks = PyDict_New()) == NULL)
		goto fail; 
	st->st_cur = NULL;
	st->st_private = NULL;
	return st;
 fail:
	PySymtable_Free(st);
	return NULL;
}

struct symtable *
PySymtable_Build(mod_ty mod, const char *filename, PyFutureFeatures *future)
{
	struct symtable *st = symtable_new();
	asdl_seq *seq;
	int i;

	if (st == NULL)
		return st;
	st->st_filename = filename;
	st->st_future = future;
	/* Make the initial symbol information gathering pass */
	if (!GET_IDENTIFIER(top) ||
	    !symtable_enter_block(st, top, ModuleBlock, (void *)mod, 0)) {
		PySymtable_Free(st);
		return NULL;
	}

	st->st_top = st->st_cur;
	st->st_cur->ste_unoptimized = OPT_TOPLEVEL;
	switch (mod->kind) {
	case Module_kind:
		seq = mod->v.Module.body;
		for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++)
			if (!symtable_visit_stmt(st, 
                                    (stmt_ty)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i)))
				goto error;
		break;
	case Expression_kind:
		if (!symtable_visit_expr(st, mod->v.Expression.body))
			goto error;
		break;
	case Interactive_kind:
		seq = mod->v.Interactive.body;
		for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++)
			if (!symtable_visit_stmt(st, 
                                    (stmt_ty)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i)))
				goto error;
		break;
	case Suite_kind:
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
				"this compiler does not handle Suites");
		goto error;
	}
	if (!symtable_exit_block(st, (void *)mod)) {
		PySymtable_Free(st);
		return NULL;
	}
	/* Make the second symbol analysis pass */
	if (symtable_analyze(st))
		return st;
	PySymtable_Free(st);
	return NULL;
 error:
	(void) symtable_exit_block(st, (void *)mod);
	PySymtable_Free(st);
	return NULL;
}

void
PySymtable_Free(struct symtable *st)
{
	Py_XDECREF(st->st_blocks);
	Py_XDECREF(st->st_stack);
	PyMem_Free((void *)st);
}

PySTEntryObject *
PySymtable_Lookup(struct symtable *st, void *key)
{
	PyObject *k, *v;

	k = PyLong_FromVoidPtr(key);
	if (k == NULL)
		return NULL;
	v = PyDict_GetItem(st->st_blocks, k);
	if (v) {
		assert(PySTEntry_Check(v));
		Py_INCREF(v);
	}
	else {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError,
				"unknown symbol table entry");
	}

	Py_DECREF(k);
	return (PySTEntryObject *)v;
}

int 
PyST_GetScope(PySTEntryObject *ste, PyObject *name)
{
	PyObject *v = PyDict_GetItem(ste->ste_symbols, name);
	if (!v)
		return 0;
	assert(PyInt_Check(v));
	return (PyInt_AS_LONG(v) >> SCOPE_OFFSET) & SCOPE_MASK;
}


/* Analyze raw symbol information to determine scope of each name.

   The next several functions are helpers for symtable_analyze(),
   which determines whether a name is local, global, or free.  In addition, 
   it determines which local variables are cell variables; they provide
   bindings that are used for free variables in enclosed blocks.  

   There are also two kinds of global variables, implicit and explicit.  An 
   explicit global is declared with the global statement.  An implicit
   global is a free variable for which the compiler has found no binding
   in an enclosing function scope.  The implicit global is either a global
   or a builtin.  Python's module and class blocks use the xxx_NAME opcodes
   to handle these names to implement slightly odd semantics.  In such a
   block, the name is treated as global until it is assigned to; then it
   is treated as a local.

   The symbol table requires two passes to determine the scope of each name.
   The first pass collects raw facts from the AST via the symtable_visit_*
   functions: the name is a parameter here, the name is used but not defined
   here, etc.  The second pass analyzes these facts during a pass over the
   PySTEntryObjects created during pass 1.

   When a function is entered during the second pass, the parent passes
   the set of all name bindings visible to its children.  These bindings 
   are used to determine if non-local variables are free or implicit globals.
   Names which are explicitly declared nonlocal must exist in this set of
   visible names - if they do not, a syntax error is raised. After doing
   the local analysis, it analyzes each of its child blocks using an
   updated set of name bindings.

   The children update the free variable set.  If a local variable is added to
   the free variable set by the child, the variable is marked as a cell.  The
   function object being defined must provide runtime storage for the variable
   that may outlive the function's frame.  Cell variables are removed from the
   free set before the analyze function returns to its parent.

   During analysis, the names are:
      symbols: dict mapping from symbol names to flag values (including offset scope values)
      scopes: dict mapping from symbol names to scope values (no offset)
      local: set of all symbol names local to the current scope
      bound: set of all symbol names local to a containing function scope
      free: set of all symbol names referenced but not bound in child scopes
      global: set of all symbol names explicitly declared as global
*/

#define SET_SCOPE(DICT, NAME, I) { \
	PyObject *o = PyInt_FromLong(I); \
	if (!o) \
		return 0; \
	if (PyDict_SetItem((DICT), (NAME), o) < 0) { \
		Py_DECREF(o); \
		return 0; \
	} \
	Py_DECREF(o); \
}

/* Decide on scope of name, given flags.

   The dicts passed in as arguments are modified as necessary.
   ste is passed so that flags can be updated.
*/

static int 
analyze_name(PySTEntryObject *ste, PyObject *scopes, PyObject *name, long flags,
	     PyObject *bound, PyObject *local, PyObject *free, 
	     PyObject *global)
{
	if (flags & DEF_GLOBAL) {
		if (flags & DEF_PARAM) {
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_SyntaxError,
			            "name '%U' is parameter and global",
			            name);
			return 0;
		}
                if (flags & DEF_NONLOCAL) {
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_SyntaxError,
			             "name '%U' is nonlocal and global",
			             name);
			return 0;
                }
		SET_SCOPE(scopes, name, GLOBAL_EXPLICIT);
		if (PySet_Add(global, name) < 0)
			return 0;
		if (bound && (PySet_Discard(bound, name) < 0))
			return 0;
		return 1;
	}
        if (flags & DEF_NONLOCAL) {
		if (flags & DEF_PARAM) {
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_SyntaxError,
			             "name '%U' is parameter and nonlocal",
			             name);
			return 0;
		}
		if (!bound) {
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_SyntaxError,
				     "nonlocal declaration not allowed at module level");
                        return 0;
		}
                if (!PySet_Contains(bound, name)) {
                        PyErr_Format(PyExc_SyntaxError,
                                     "no binding for nonlocal '%U' found",
                                     name);
                                     
                        return 0;
                }
                SET_SCOPE(scopes, name, FREE);
                ste->ste_free = 1;
                return PySet_Add(free, name) >= 0;
        }
	if (flags & DEF_BOUND) {
		SET_SCOPE(scopes, name, LOCAL);
		if (PySet_Add(local, name) < 0)
			return 0;
		if (PySet_Discard(global, name) < 0)
			return 0;
		return 1;
	}
	/* If an enclosing block has a binding for this name, it
	   is a free variable rather than a global variable.
	   Note that having a non-NULL bound implies that the block
	   is nested.
	*/
	if (bound && PySet_Contains(bound, name)) {
		SET_SCOPE(scopes, name, FREE);
		ste->ste_free = 1;
		return PySet_Add(free, name) >= 0;
	}
	/* If a parent has a global statement, then call it global
	   explicit?  It could also be global implicit.
	 */
	if (global && PySet_Contains(global, name)) {
		SET_SCOPE(scopes, name, GLOBAL_EXPLICIT);
		return 1;
	}
	if (ste->ste_nested)
		ste->ste_free = 1;
	SET_SCOPE(scopes, name, GLOBAL_IMPLICIT);
	return 1;
}

#undef SET_SCOPE

/* If a name is defined in free and also in locals, then this block
   provides the binding for the free variable.  The name should be
   marked CELL in this block and removed from the free list.

   Note that the current block's free variables are included in free.
   That's safe because no name can be free and local in the same scope.

   The 'restrict' argument may be set to a string to restrict the analysis
   to the one variable whose name equals that string (e.g. "__class__").
*/

static int
analyze_cells(PyObject *scopes, PyObject *free, const char *restrict)
{
        PyObject *name, *v, *v_cell;
	int success = 0;
	Py_ssize_t pos = 0;

	v_cell = PyInt_FromLong(CELL);
	if (!v_cell)
		return 0;
	while (PyDict_Next(scopes, &pos, &name, &v)) {
		long scope;
		assert(PyInt_Check(v));
		scope = PyInt_AS_LONG(v);
		if (scope != LOCAL)
			continue;
		if (!PySet_Contains(free, name))
			continue;
		if (restrict != NULL &&
                    PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString(name, restrict))
			continue;
		/* Replace LOCAL with CELL for this name, and remove
		   from free. It is safe to replace the value of name 
		   in the dict, because it will not cause a resize.
		 */
		if (PyDict_SetItem(scopes, name, v_cell) < 0)
			goto error;
		if (PySet_Discard(free, name) < 0)
			goto error;
	}
	success = 1;
 error:
	Py_DECREF(v_cell);
	return success;
}

/* Check for illegal statements in unoptimized namespaces */
static int
check_unoptimized(const PySTEntryObject* ste) {
	const char* trailer;

	if (ste->ste_type != FunctionBlock || !ste->ste_unoptimized
	    || !(ste->ste_free || ste->ste_child_free))
		return 1;

	trailer = (ste->ste_child_free ? 
		       "contains a nested function with free variables" :
			       "is a nested function");

	switch (ste->ste_unoptimized) {
	case OPT_TOPLEVEL: /* import * at top-level is fine */
		return 1;
	case OPT_IMPORT_STAR:
		PyErr_Format(PyExc_SyntaxError,
		             "import * is not allowed in function '%U' because it %s",
		             ste->ste_name, trailer);
		break;
	}

	PyErr_SyntaxLocation(ste->ste_table->st_filename, 
			     ste->ste_opt_lineno);
	return 0;
}

/* Enter the final scope information into the ste_symbols dict. 
 * 
 * All arguments are dicts.  Modifies symbols, others are read-only.
*/
static int
update_symbols(PyObject *symbols, PyObject *scopes, 
               PyObject *bound, PyObject *free, int classflag)
{
	PyObject *name = NULL, *itr = NULL;
	PyObject *v = NULL, *v_scope = NULL, *v_new = NULL, *v_free = NULL;
	Py_ssize_t pos = 0;

	/* Update scope information for all symbols in this scope */
	while (PyDict_Next(symbols, &pos, &name, &v)) {
		long scope, flags;
		assert(PyInt_Check(v));
		flags = PyInt_AS_LONG(v);
		v_scope = PyDict_GetItem(scopes, name);
		assert(v_scope && PyInt_Check(v_scope));
		scope = PyInt_AS_LONG(v_scope);
		flags |= (scope << SCOPE_OFFSET);
		v_new = PyInt_FromLong(flags);
		if (!v_new)
			return 0;
		if (PyDict_SetItem(symbols, name, v_new) < 0) {
			Py_DECREF(v_new);
			return 0;
		}
		Py_DECREF(v_new);
	}

	/* Record not yet resolved free variables from children (if any) */
        v_free = PyInt_FromLong(FREE << SCOPE_OFFSET);
        if (!v_free)
		return 0;

	itr = PyObject_GetIter(free);
	if (!itr)
		goto error;

	while ((name = PyIter_Next(itr))) {
		v = PyDict_GetItem(symbols, name);

		/* Handle symbol that already exists in this scope */
		if (v) {
			/* Handle a free variable in a method of
			   the class that has the same name as a local
			   or global in the class scope.
			*/
			if  (classflag && 
			     PyInt_AS_LONG(v) & (DEF_BOUND | DEF_GLOBAL)) {
				long flags = PyInt_AS_LONG(v) | DEF_FREE_CLASS;
				v_new = PyInt_FromLong(flags);
				if (!v_new) {
					goto error;
				}
				if (PyDict_SetItem(symbols, name, v_new) < 0) {
					Py_DECREF(v_new);
					goto error;
				}
				Py_DECREF(v_new);
			}
			/* It's a cell, or already free in this scope */
			Py_DECREF(name);
			continue;
		}
		/* Handle global symbol */
		if (!PySet_Contains(bound, name)) {
			Py_DECREF(name);
			continue;       /* it's a global */
		}
		/* Propagate new free symbol up the lexical stack */
		if (PyDict_SetItem(symbols, name, v_free) < 0) {
			goto error;
		}
		Py_DECREF(name);
        }
	Py_DECREF(itr);
        Py_DECREF(v_free);
	return 1;
error:
	Py_XDECREF(v_free);
	Py_XDECREF(itr);
	Py_XDECREF(name);
	return 0;
}   

/* Make final symbol table decisions for block of ste.
   Arguments:
   ste -- current symtable entry (input/output)
   bound -- set of variables bound in enclosing scopes (input)
   free -- set of free variables in enclosed scopes (output)
   globals -- set of declared global variables in enclosing scopes (input)
*/

static int
analyze_block(PySTEntryObject *ste, PyObject *bound, PyObject *free, 
	      PyObject *global)
{
	PyObject *name, *v, *local = NULL, *scopes = NULL, *newbound = NULL;
	PyObject *newglobal = NULL, *newfree = NULL;
	int i, success = 0;
	Py_ssize_t pos = 0;

	scopes = PyDict_New();
	if (!scopes)
		goto error;
	local = PySet_New(NULL);
	if (!local)
		goto error;
	newglobal = PySet_New(NULL);
	if (!newglobal)
		goto error;
	newfree = PySet_New(NULL);
	if (!newfree)
		goto error;
	newbound = PySet_New(NULL);
	if (!newbound)
		goto error;

	/* Class namespace has no effect on names visible in
	   nested functions, so populate the global and bound
	   sets to be passed to child blocks before analyzing
	   this one.
	 */
	if (ste->ste_type == ClassBlock) {
		/* Pass down previously bound symbols */
		if (bound) {
			if (!PyNumber_InPlaceOr(newbound, bound))
				goto error;
			Py_DECREF(newbound);
		}
		/* Pass down known globals */
		if (!PyNumber_InPlaceOr(newglobal, global))
			goto error;
		Py_DECREF(newglobal);
	}

	/* Analyze symbols in current scope */
	assert(PySTEntry_Check(ste));
	assert(PyDict_Check(ste->ste_symbols));
	while (PyDict_Next(ste->ste_symbols, &pos, &name, &v)) {
		long flags = PyInt_AS_LONG(v);
		if (!analyze_name(ste, scopes, name, flags, bound, local, free,
				  global))
			goto error;
	}

	/* Populate global and bound sets to be passed to children. */
	if (ste->ste_type != ClassBlock) {
		/* Add function locals to bound set */
		if (ste->ste_type == FunctionBlock) {
			if (!PyNumber_InPlaceOr(newbound, local))
				goto error;
			Py_DECREF(newbound);
		}
		/* Pass down previously bound symbols */
		if (bound) {
			if (!PyNumber_InPlaceOr(newbound, bound))
				goto error;
			Py_DECREF(newbound);
		}
		/* Pass down known globals */
		if (!PyNumber_InPlaceOr(newglobal, global))
			goto error;
		Py_DECREF(newglobal);
	}
	else {
		/* Special-case __class__ */
		if (!GET_IDENTIFIER(__class__))
			goto error;
		assert(PySet_Contains(local, __class__) == 1);
		if (PySet_Add(newbound, __class__) < 0)
			goto error;
	}

	/* Recursively call analyze_block() on each child block */
	for (i = 0; i < PyList_GET_SIZE(ste->ste_children); ++i) {
		PyObject *c = PyList_GET_ITEM(ste->ste_children, i);
		PySTEntryObject* entry;
		assert(c && PySTEntry_Check(c));
		entry = (PySTEntryObject*)c;
		if (!analyze_block(entry, newbound, newfree, newglobal))
			goto error;
		/* Check if any children have free variables */
		if (entry->ste_free || entry->ste_child_free)
			ste->ste_child_free = 1;
	}

	/* Check if any local variables must be converted to cell variables */
	if (ste->ste_type == FunctionBlock && !analyze_cells(scopes, newfree,
							     NULL))
		goto error;
        else if (ste->ste_type == ClassBlock && !analyze_cells(scopes, newfree,
							       "__class__"))
		goto error;
	/* Records the results of the analysis in the symbol table entry */
	if (!update_symbols(ste->ste_symbols, scopes, bound, newfree,
			    ste->ste_type == ClassBlock))
		goto error;
	if (!check_unoptimized(ste))
		goto error;

	if (!PyNumber_InPlaceOr(free, newfree))
		goto error;
	Py_DECREF(free);
	success = 1;
 error:
	Py_XDECREF(scopes);
	Py_XDECREF(local);
	Py_XDECREF(newbound);
	Py_XDECREF(newglobal);
	Py_XDECREF(newfree);
	if (!success)
		assert(PyErr_Occurred());
	return success;
}

static int
symtable_analyze(struct symtable *st)
{
	PyObject *free, *global;
	int r;

	free = PySet_New(NULL);
	if (!free)
	    return 0;
	global = PySet_New(NULL);
	if (!global) {
	    Py_DECREF(free);
	    return 0;
	}
	r = analyze_block(st->st_top, NULL, free, global);
	Py_DECREF(free);
	Py_DECREF(global);
	return r;
}


static int
symtable_warn(struct symtable *st, char *msg, int lineno)
{
	if (PyErr_WarnExplicit(PyExc_SyntaxWarning, msg, st->st_filename,
			       lineno, NULL, NULL) < 0)	{
		if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_SyntaxWarning)) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SyntaxError, msg);
			PyErr_SyntaxLocation(st->st_filename, 
					     st->st_cur->ste_lineno);
		}
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

/* symtable_enter_block() gets a reference via PySTEntry_New().
   This reference is released when the block is exited, via the DECREF
   in symtable_exit_block().
*/

static int
symtable_exit_block(struct symtable *st, void *ast)
{
	Py_ssize_t end;

	Py_CLEAR(st->st_cur);
	end = PyList_GET_SIZE(st->st_stack) - 1;
	if (end >= 0) {
		st->st_cur = (PySTEntryObject *)PyList_GET_ITEM(st->st_stack, 
								end);
		if (st->st_cur == NULL)
			return 0;
		Py_INCREF(st->st_cur);
		if (PySequence_DelItem(st->st_stack, end) < 0)
			return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

static int
symtable_enter_block(struct symtable *st, identifier name, _Py_block_ty block, 
		     void *ast, int lineno)
{
	PySTEntryObject *prev = NULL;

	if (st->st_cur) {
		prev = st->st_cur;
		if (PyList_Append(st->st_stack, (PyObject *)st->st_cur) < 0) {
			return 0;
		}
		Py_DECREF(st->st_cur);
	}
	st->st_cur = PySTEntry_New(st, name, block, ast, lineno);
	if (st->st_cur == NULL)
		return 0;
	if (name == GET_IDENTIFIER(top))
		st->st_global = st->st_cur->ste_symbols;
	if (prev) {
		if (PyList_Append(prev->ste_children, 
				  (PyObject *)st->st_cur) < 0) {
			return 0;
		}
	}
	return 1;
}

static long
symtable_lookup(struct symtable *st, PyObject *name)
{
	PyObject *o;
	PyObject *mangled = _Py_Mangle(st->st_private, name);
	if (!mangled)
		return 0;
	o = PyDict_GetItem(st->st_cur->ste_symbols, mangled);
	Py_DECREF(mangled);
	if (!o)
		return 0;
	return PyInt_AsLong(o);
}

static int
symtable_add_def(struct symtable *st, PyObject *name, int flag) 
{
	PyObject *o;
	PyObject *dict;
	long val;
	PyObject *mangled = _Py_Mangle(st->st_private, name);


	if (!mangled)
		return 0;
	dict = st->st_cur->ste_symbols;
	if ((o = PyDict_GetItem(dict, mangled))) {
	    val = PyInt_AS_LONG(o);
	    if ((flag & DEF_PARAM) && (val & DEF_PARAM)) {
		    /* Is it better to use 'mangled' or 'name' here? */
		    PyErr_Format(PyExc_SyntaxError, DUPLICATE_ARGUMENT,
				 PyString_AsString(name));
		    PyErr_SyntaxLocation(st->st_filename,
				       st->st_cur->ste_lineno);
		    goto error;
	    }
	    val |= flag;
	} else
	    val = flag;
	o = PyInt_FromLong(val);
        if (o == NULL)
	    goto error;
	if (PyDict_SetItem(dict, mangled, o) < 0) {
		Py_DECREF(o);
		goto error;
	}
	Py_DECREF(o);

	if (flag & DEF_PARAM) {
		if (PyList_Append(st->st_cur->ste_varnames, mangled) < 0)
			goto error;
	} else	if (flag & DEF_GLOBAL) {
		/* XXX need to update DEF_GLOBAL for other flags too;
		   perhaps only DEF_FREE_GLOBAL */
		val = flag;
		if ((o = PyDict_GetItem(st->st_global, mangled))) {
			val |= PyInt_AS_LONG(o);
		}
		o = PyInt_FromLong(val);
		if (o == NULL)
			goto error;
		if (PyDict_SetItem(st->st_global, mangled, o) < 0) {
			Py_DECREF(o);
			goto error;
		}
		Py_DECREF(o);
	}
	Py_DECREF(mangled);
	return 1;

error:
	Py_DECREF(mangled);
	return 0;
}

/* VISIT, VISIT_SEQ and VIST_SEQ_TAIL take an ASDL type as their second argument.
   They use the ASDL name to synthesize the name of the C type and the visit
   function. 
   
   VISIT_SEQ_TAIL permits the start of an ASDL sequence to be skipped, which is
   useful if the first node in the sequence requires special treatment.
*/

#define VISIT(ST, TYPE, V) \
	if (!symtable_visit_ ## TYPE((ST), (V))) \
		return 0; 

#define VISIT_IN_BLOCK(ST, TYPE, V, S) \
	if (!symtable_visit_ ## TYPE((ST), (V))) { \
		symtable_exit_block((ST), (S)); \
		return 0; \
	}

#define VISIT_SEQ(ST, TYPE, SEQ) { \
	int i; \
	asdl_seq *seq = (SEQ); /* avoid variable capture */ \
	for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++) { \
		TYPE ## _ty elt = (TYPE ## _ty)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i); \
		if (!symtable_visit_ ## TYPE((ST), elt)) \
			return 0; \
	} \
}

#define VISIT_SEQ_IN_BLOCK(ST, TYPE, SEQ, S) { \
	int i; \
	asdl_seq *seq = (SEQ); /* avoid variable capture */ \
	for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++) { \
		TYPE ## _ty elt = (TYPE ## _ty)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i); \
		if (!symtable_visit_ ## TYPE((ST), elt)) { \
			symtable_exit_block((ST), (S)); \
			return 0; \
		} \
	} \
}

#define VISIT_SEQ_TAIL(ST, TYPE, SEQ, START) { \
	int i; \
	asdl_seq *seq = (SEQ); /* avoid variable capture */ \
	for (i = (START); i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++) { \
		TYPE ## _ty elt = (TYPE ## _ty)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i); \
		if (!symtable_visit_ ## TYPE((ST), elt)) \
			return 0; \
	} \
}

#define VISIT_SEQ_TAIL_IN_BLOCK(ST, TYPE, SEQ, START, S) { \
	int i; \
	asdl_seq *seq = (SEQ); /* avoid variable capture */ \
	for (i = (START); i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++) { \
		TYPE ## _ty elt = (TYPE ## _ty)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i); \
		if (!symtable_visit_ ## TYPE((ST), elt)) { \
			symtable_exit_block((ST), (S)); \
			return 0; \
		} \
	} \
}

#define VISIT_KWONLYDEFAULTS(ST, KW_DEFAULTS) { \
	int i = 0; \
	asdl_seq *seq = (KW_DEFAULTS); /* avoid variable capture */ \
	for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++) { \
		expr_ty elt = (expr_ty)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i); \
		if (!elt) continue; /* can be NULL */ \
		if (!symtable_visit_expr((ST), elt)) \
			return 0; \
	} \
}

static int
symtable_new_tmpname(struct symtable *st)
{
	char tmpname[256];
	identifier tmp;

	PyOS_snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "_[%d]",
		      ++st->st_cur->ste_tmpname);
	tmp = PyUnicode_InternFromString(tmpname);
	if (!tmp)
		return 0;
	if (!symtable_add_def(st, tmp, DEF_LOCAL))
		return 0;
	Py_DECREF(tmp);
	return 1;
}



static int
symtable_visit_stmt(struct symtable *st, stmt_ty s)
{
	switch (s->kind) {
        case FunctionDef_kind:
		if (!symtable_add_def(st, s->v.FunctionDef.name, DEF_LOCAL))
			return 0;
		if (s->v.FunctionDef.args->defaults)
			VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, s->v.FunctionDef.args->defaults);
		if (s->v.FunctionDef.args->kw_defaults)
			VISIT_KWONLYDEFAULTS(st, 
					   s->v.FunctionDef.args->kw_defaults);
		if (!symtable_visit_annotations(st, s))
			return 0;
		if (s->v.FunctionDef.decorator_list)
			VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, s->v.FunctionDef.decorator_list);
		if (!symtable_enter_block(st, s->v.FunctionDef.name, 
					  FunctionBlock, (void *)s, s->lineno))
			return 0;
		VISIT_IN_BLOCK(st, arguments, s->v.FunctionDef.args, s);
		VISIT_SEQ_IN_BLOCK(st, stmt, s->v.FunctionDef.body, s);
		if (!symtable_exit_block(st, s))
			return 0;
		break;
        case ClassDef_kind: {
		PyObject *tmp;
		if (!symtable_add_def(st, s->v.ClassDef.name, DEF_LOCAL))
			return 0;
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, s->v.ClassDef.bases);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, keyword, s->v.ClassDef.keywords);
		if (s->v.ClassDef.starargs)
			VISIT(st, expr, s->v.ClassDef.starargs);
		if (s->v.ClassDef.kwargs)
			VISIT(st, expr, s->v.ClassDef.kwargs);
		if (s->v.ClassDef.decorator_list)
			VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, s->v.ClassDef.decorator_list);
		if (!symtable_enter_block(st, s->v.ClassDef.name, ClassBlock, 
					  (void *)s, s->lineno))
			return 0;
		if (!GET_IDENTIFIER(__class__) ||
		    !symtable_add_def(st, __class__, DEF_LOCAL)) {
			symtable_exit_block(st, s);
			return 0;
		}
		tmp = st->st_private;
		st->st_private = s->v.ClassDef.name;
		VISIT_SEQ_IN_BLOCK(st, stmt, s->v.ClassDef.body, s);
		st->st_private = tmp;
		if (!symtable_exit_block(st, s))
			return 0;
		break;
	}
        case Return_kind:
		if (s->v.Return.value) {
			VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Return.value);
			st->st_cur->ste_returns_value = 1;
			if (st->st_cur->ste_generator) {
				PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SyntaxError,
					RETURN_VAL_IN_GENERATOR);
			        PyErr_SyntaxLocation(st->st_filename,
				             s->lineno);
				return 0;
			}
		}
		break;
        case Delete_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, s->v.Delete.targets);
		break;
        case Assign_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, s->v.Assign.targets);
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Assign.value);
		break;
        case AugAssign_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.AugAssign.target);
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.AugAssign.value);
		break;
        case For_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.For.target);
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.For.iter);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.For.body);
		if (s->v.For.orelse)
			VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.For.orelse);
		break;
        case While_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.While.test);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.While.body);
		if (s->v.While.orelse)
			VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.While.orelse);
		break;
        case If_kind:
		/* XXX if 0: and lookup_yield() hacks */
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.If.test);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.If.body);
		if (s->v.If.orelse)
			VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.If.orelse);
		break;
        case Raise_kind:
		if (s->v.Raise.type) {
			VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Raise.type);
			if (s->v.Raise.inst) {
				VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Raise.inst);
				if (s->v.Raise.tback)
					VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Raise.tback);
			}
		}
		break;
        case TryExcept_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.TryExcept.body);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.TryExcept.orelse);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, excepthandler, s->v.TryExcept.handlers);
		break;
        case TryFinally_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.TryFinally.body);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.TryFinally.finalbody);
		break;
        case Assert_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Assert.test);
		if (s->v.Assert.msg)
			VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Assert.msg);
		break;
        case Import_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, alias, s->v.Import.names);
		/* XXX Don't have the lineno available inside
		   visit_alias */
		if (st->st_cur->ste_unoptimized && !st->st_cur->ste_opt_lineno)
			st->st_cur->ste_opt_lineno = s->lineno;
		break;
        case ImportFrom_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, alias, s->v.ImportFrom.names);
		/* XXX Don't have the lineno available inside
		   visit_alias */
		if (st->st_cur->ste_unoptimized && !st->st_cur->ste_opt_lineno)
			st->st_cur->ste_opt_lineno = s->lineno;
		break;
        case Global_kind: {
		int i;
		asdl_seq *seq = s->v.Global.names;
		for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++) {
			identifier name = (identifier)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i);
			char *c_name = PyUnicode_AsString(name);
			long cur = symtable_lookup(st, name);
			if (cur < 0)
				return 0;
			if (cur & (DEF_LOCAL | USE)) {
				char buf[256];
				if (cur & DEF_LOCAL) 
					PyOS_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
						      GLOBAL_AFTER_ASSIGN,
						      c_name);
				else
					PyOS_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
						      GLOBAL_AFTER_USE,
						      c_name);
				if (!symtable_warn(st, buf, s->lineno))
                                    return 0;
			}
			if (!symtable_add_def(st, name, DEF_GLOBAL))
				return 0;
		}
		break;
	}
        case Nonlocal_kind: {
		int i;
		asdl_seq *seq = s->v.Nonlocal.names;
		for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++) {
			identifier name = (identifier)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i);
			char *c_name = PyUnicode_AsString(name);
			long cur = symtable_lookup(st, name);
			if (cur < 0)
				return 0;
			if (cur & (DEF_LOCAL | USE)) {
				char buf[256];
				if (cur & DEF_LOCAL) 
					PyOS_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
						      NONLOCAL_AFTER_ASSIGN,
						      c_name);
				else
					PyOS_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
						      NONLOCAL_AFTER_USE,
						      c_name);
				if (!symtable_warn(st, buf, s->lineno))
                                    return 0;
			}
			if (!symtable_add_def(st, name, DEF_NONLOCAL))
				return 0;
		}
		break;
	}
        case Expr_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Expr.value);
		break;
        case Pass_kind:
        case Break_kind:
        case Continue_kind:
		/* nothing to do here */
		break;
        case With_kind:
		if (!symtable_new_tmpname(st))
			return 0;
                VISIT(st, expr, s->v.With.context_expr);
                if (s->v.With.optional_vars) {
			if (!symtable_new_tmpname(st))
				return 0;
                        VISIT(st, expr, s->v.With.optional_vars);
                }
                VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, s->v.With.body);
                break;
	}
	return 1;
}

static int 
symtable_visit_expr(struct symtable *st, expr_ty e)
{
	switch (e->kind) {
        case BoolOp_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, e->v.BoolOp.values);
		break;
        case BinOp_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.BinOp.left);
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.BinOp.right);
		break;
        case UnaryOp_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.UnaryOp.operand);
		break;
        case Lambda_kind: {
		if (!GET_IDENTIFIER(lambda) ||
		    !symtable_add_def(st, lambda, DEF_LOCAL))
			return 0;
		if (e->v.Lambda.args->defaults)
			VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, e->v.Lambda.args->defaults);
		/* XXX how to get line numbers for expressions */
		if (!symtable_enter_block(st, lambda,
                                          FunctionBlock, (void *)e, 0))
			return 0;
		VISIT_IN_BLOCK(st, arguments, e->v.Lambda.args, (void*)e);
		VISIT_IN_BLOCK(st, expr, e->v.Lambda.body, (void*)e);
		if (!symtable_exit_block(st, (void *)e))
			return 0;
		break;
	}
	case IfExp_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.IfExp.test);
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.IfExp.body);
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.IfExp.orelse);
		break;
        case Dict_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, e->v.Dict.keys);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, e->v.Dict.values);
		break;
	case Set_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, e->v.Set.elts);
		break;
        case GeneratorExp_kind:
		if (!symtable_visit_genexp(st, e))
			return 0;
		break;
        case ListComp_kind:
		if (!symtable_visit_listcomp(st, e))
			return 0;
		break;
	case SetComp_kind:
		if (!symtable_visit_setcomp(st, e))
			return 0;
		break;
	case DictComp_kind:
		if (!symtable_visit_dictcomp(st, e))
			return 0;
		break;
        case Yield_kind:
		if (e->v.Yield.value)
			VISIT(st, expr, e->v.Yield.value);
                st->st_cur->ste_generator = 1;
		if (st->st_cur->ste_returns_value) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SyntaxError,
				RETURN_VAL_IN_GENERATOR);
		        PyErr_SyntaxLocation(st->st_filename,
			             e->lineno);
			return 0;
		}
		break;
        case Compare_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.Compare.left);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, e->v.Compare.comparators);
		break;
        case Call_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.Call.func);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, e->v.Call.args);
		VISIT_SEQ(st, keyword, e->v.Call.keywords);
		if (e->v.Call.starargs)
			VISIT(st, expr, e->v.Call.starargs);
		if (e->v.Call.kwargs)
			VISIT(st, expr, e->v.Call.kwargs);
		break;
        case Num_kind:
        case Str_kind:
        case Bytes_kind:
        case Ellipsis_kind:
		/* Nothing to do here. */
		break;
	/* The following exprs can be assignment targets. */
        case Attribute_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.Attribute.value);
		break;
        case Subscript_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.Subscript.value);
		VISIT(st, slice, e->v.Subscript.slice);
		break;
        case Starred_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, e->v.Starred.value);
		break;
        case Name_kind:
		if (!symtable_add_def(st, e->v.Name.id, 
				      e->v.Name.ctx == Load ? USE : DEF_LOCAL))
			return 0;
		/* Special-case super: it counts as a use of __class__ */
                if (e->v.Name.ctx == Load &&
		    st->st_cur->ste_type == FunctionBlock &&
                    !PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString(e->v.Name.id, "super")) {
			if (!GET_IDENTIFIER(__class__) ||
			    !symtable_add_def(st, __class__, USE))
				return 0;
                }
		break;
	/* child nodes of List and Tuple will have expr_context set */
        case List_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, e->v.List.elts);
		break;
        case Tuple_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, e->v.Tuple.elts);
		break;
	}
	return 1;
}

static int
symtable_implicit_arg(struct symtable *st, int pos)
{
	PyObject *id = PyUnicode_FromFormat(".%d", pos);
	if (id == NULL)
		return 0;
	if (!symtable_add_def(st, id, DEF_PARAM)) {
		Py_DECREF(id);
		return 0;
	}
	Py_DECREF(id);
	return 1;
}

static int 
symtable_visit_params(struct symtable *st, asdl_seq *args)
{
	int i;

	if (!args)
		return -1;
	
	for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(args); i++) {
		arg_ty arg = (arg_ty)asdl_seq_GET(args, i);
		if (!symtable_add_def(st, arg->arg, DEF_PARAM))
			return 0;
	}

	return 1;
}

static int 
symtable_visit_argannotations(struct symtable *st, asdl_seq *args)
{
	int i;

	if (!args)
		return -1;
	
	for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(args); i++) {
		arg_ty arg = (arg_ty)asdl_seq_GET(args, i);
		if (arg->annotation)
			VISIT(st, expr, arg->annotation);
	}

	return 1;
}

static int
symtable_visit_annotations(struct symtable *st, stmt_ty s)
{
	arguments_ty a = s->v.FunctionDef.args;
	
	if (a->args && !symtable_visit_argannotations(st, a->args))
		return 0;
	if (a->varargannotation)
		VISIT(st, expr, a->varargannotation);
	if (a->kwargannotation)
		VISIT(st, expr, a->kwargannotation);
	if (a->kwonlyargs && !symtable_visit_argannotations(st, a->kwonlyargs))
		return 0;
	if (s->v.FunctionDef.returns)
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.FunctionDef.returns);
	return 1;
}

static int 
symtable_visit_arguments(struct symtable *st, arguments_ty a)
{
	/* skip default arguments inside function block
	   XXX should ast be different?
	*/
	if (a->args && !symtable_visit_params(st, a->args))
		return 0;
	if (a->kwonlyargs && !symtable_visit_params(st, a->kwonlyargs))
		return 0;
	if (a->vararg) {
		if (!symtable_add_def(st, a->vararg, DEF_PARAM))
			return 0;
		st->st_cur->ste_varargs = 1;
	}
	if (a->kwarg) {
		if (!symtable_add_def(st, a->kwarg, DEF_PARAM))
			return 0;
		st->st_cur->ste_varkeywords = 1;
	}
	return 1;
}


static int 
symtable_visit_excepthandler(struct symtable *st, excepthandler_ty eh)
{
	if (eh->type)
		VISIT(st, expr, eh->type);
	if (eh->name)
        if (!symtable_add_def(st, eh->name, DEF_LOCAL))
			return 0;
	VISIT_SEQ(st, stmt, eh->body);
	return 1;
}


static int 
symtable_visit_alias(struct symtable *st, alias_ty a)
{
	/* Compute store_name, the name actually bound by the import
	   operation.  It is diferent than a->name when a->name is a
	   dotted package name (e.g. spam.eggs) 
	*/
	PyObject *store_name;
	PyObject *name = (a->asname == NULL) ? a->name : a->asname;
	const Py_UNICODE *base = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(name);
	Py_UNICODE *dot = Py_UNICODE_strchr(base, '.');
	if (dot) {
		store_name = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(base, dot - base);
		if (!store_name)
			return 0;
	}
	else {
		store_name = name;
		Py_INCREF(store_name);
	}
	if (PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString(name, "*")) {
		int r = symtable_add_def(st, store_name, DEF_IMPORT); 
		Py_DECREF(store_name);
		return r;
	}
	else {
            if (st->st_cur->ste_type != ModuleBlock) {
                int lineno = st->st_cur->ste_lineno;
                if (!symtable_warn(st, IMPORT_STAR_WARNING, lineno)) {
                    Py_DECREF(store_name);
                    return 0;
		}
            }
	    st->st_cur->ste_unoptimized |= OPT_IMPORT_STAR;
	    Py_DECREF(store_name);
	    return 1;
	}
}


static int 
symtable_visit_comprehension(struct symtable *st, comprehension_ty lc)
{
	VISIT(st, expr, lc->target);
	VISIT(st, expr, lc->iter);
	VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, lc->ifs);
	return 1;
}


static int 
symtable_visit_keyword(struct symtable *st, keyword_ty k)
{
	VISIT(st, expr, k->value);
	return 1;
}


static int 
symtable_visit_slice(struct symtable *st, slice_ty s)
{
	switch (s->kind) {
	case Slice_kind:
		if (s->v.Slice.lower)
			VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Slice.lower)
		if (s->v.Slice.upper)
			VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Slice.upper)
		if (s->v.Slice.step)
			VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Slice.step)
		break;
	case ExtSlice_kind:
		VISIT_SEQ(st, slice, s->v.ExtSlice.dims)
		break;
	case Index_kind:
		VISIT(st, expr, s->v.Index.value)
		break;
	}
	return 1;
}

static int 
symtable_handle_comprehension(struct symtable *st, expr_ty e,
                              identifier scope_name, asdl_seq *generators,
                              expr_ty elt, expr_ty value)
{
	int is_generator = (e->kind == GeneratorExp_kind);
	int needs_tmp = !is_generator;
	comprehension_ty outermost = ((comprehension_ty)
                                        asdl_seq_GET(generators, 0));
	/* Outermost iterator is evaluated in current scope */
	VISIT(st, expr, outermost->iter);
	/* Create comprehension scope for the rest */
	if (!scope_name ||
	    !symtable_enter_block(st, scope_name, FunctionBlock, (void *)e, 0)) {
		return 0;
	}
	st->st_cur->ste_generator = is_generator;
	/* Outermost iter is received as an argument */
	if (!symtable_implicit_arg(st, 0)) {
		symtable_exit_block(st, (void *)e);
		return 0;
	}
	/* Allocate temporary name if needed */
	if (needs_tmp && !symtable_new_tmpname(st)) {
		symtable_exit_block(st, (void *)e);
		return 0;
	}
	VISIT_IN_BLOCK(st, expr, outermost->target, (void*)e);
	VISIT_SEQ_IN_BLOCK(st, expr, outermost->ifs, (void*)e);
	VISIT_SEQ_TAIL_IN_BLOCK(st, comprehension,
				generators, 1, (void*)e);
	if (value)
		VISIT_IN_BLOCK(st, expr, value, (void*)e);
	VISIT_IN_BLOCK(st, expr, elt, (void*)e);
	return symtable_exit_block(st, (void *)e);
}

static int 
symtable_visit_genexp(struct symtable *st, expr_ty e)
{
	return symtable_handle_comprehension(st, e, GET_IDENTIFIER(genexpr),
                                             e->v.GeneratorExp.generators,
                                             e->v.GeneratorExp.elt, NULL);
}

static int 
symtable_visit_listcomp(struct symtable *st, expr_ty e)
{
	return symtable_handle_comprehension(st, e, GET_IDENTIFIER(listcomp),
                                             e->v.ListComp.generators,
                                             e->v.ListComp.elt, NULL);
}

static int
symtable_visit_setcomp(struct symtable *st, expr_ty e)
{
	return symtable_handle_comprehension(st, e, GET_IDENTIFIER(setcomp),
					     e->v.SetComp.generators,
					     e->v.SetComp.elt, NULL);
}

static int
symtable_visit_dictcomp(struct symtable *st, expr_ty e)
{
	return symtable_handle_comprehension(st, e, GET_IDENTIFIER(dictcomp),
					     e->v.DictComp.generators,
					     e->v.DictComp.key,
					     e->v.DictComp.value);
}