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annotate Python/random.c @ 81258:5bb289e4fb35 3.3

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(Merge 3.2) Issue #16455: On FreeBSD and Solaris, if the locale is C, the ASCII/surrogateescape codec is now used, instead of the locale encoding, to decode the command line arguments. This change fixes inconsistencies with os.fsencode() and os.fsdecode() because these operating systems announces an ASCII locale encoding, whereas the ISO-8859-1 encoding is used in practice.
author Victor Stinner <victor.stinner@gmail.com>
date Thu, 03 Jan 2013 01:21:07 +0100
parents 800507fb0a7e
children 193bcc12575d e52df05b496a
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
75066
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1 #include "Python.h"
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2 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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3 #include <windows.h>
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4 #else
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5 #include <fcntl.h>
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6 #endif
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7
75127
160a56eac332 ensure no one tries to hash things before the random seed is found
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8 #ifdef Py_DEBUG
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9 int _Py_HashSecret_Initialized = 0;
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10 #else
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11 static int _Py_HashSecret_Initialized = 0;
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12 #endif
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13
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14 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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15 typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CRYPTACQUIRECONTEXTA)(HCRYPTPROV *phProv,\
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16 LPCSTR pszContainer, LPCSTR pszProvider, DWORD dwProvType,\
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17 DWORD dwFlags );
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18 typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CRYPTGENRANDOM)(HCRYPTPROV hProv, DWORD dwLen,\
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19 BYTE *pbBuffer );
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20
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21 static CRYPTGENRANDOM pCryptGenRandom = NULL;
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22 /* This handle is never explicitly released. Instead, the operating
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23 system will release it when the process terminates. */
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24 static HCRYPTPROV hCryptProv = 0;
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25
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26 static int
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27 win32_urandom_init(int raise)
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28 {
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29 HINSTANCE hAdvAPI32 = NULL;
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30 CRYPTACQUIRECONTEXTA pCryptAcquireContext = NULL;
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31
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32 /* Obtain handle to the DLL containing CryptoAPI. This should not fail. */
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33 hAdvAPI32 = GetModuleHandle("advapi32.dll");
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34 if(hAdvAPI32 == NULL)
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35 goto error;
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36
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37 /* Obtain pointers to the CryptoAPI functions. This will fail on some early
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38 versions of Win95. */
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39 pCryptAcquireContext = (CRYPTACQUIRECONTEXTA)GetProcAddress(
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40 hAdvAPI32, "CryptAcquireContextA");
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41 if (pCryptAcquireContext == NULL)
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42 goto error;
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43
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44 pCryptGenRandom = (CRYPTGENRANDOM)GetProcAddress(hAdvAPI32,
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45 "CryptGenRandom");
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46 if (pCryptGenRandom == NULL)
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47 goto error;
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48
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49 /* Acquire context */
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50 if (! pCryptAcquireContext(&hCryptProv, NULL, NULL,
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51 PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT))
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52 goto error;
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53
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54 return 0;
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55
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56 error:
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57 if (raise)
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58 PyErr_SetFromWindowsErr(0);
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59 else
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60 Py_FatalError("Failed to initialize Windows random API (CryptoGen)");
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61 return -1;
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62 }
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63
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64 /* Fill buffer with size pseudo-random bytes generated by the Windows CryptoGen
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65 API. Return 0 on success, or -1 on error. */
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66 static int
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67 win32_urandom(unsigned char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size, int raise)
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68 {
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69 Py_ssize_t chunk;
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70
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71 if (hCryptProv == 0)
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72 {
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73 if (win32_urandom_init(raise) == -1)
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74 return -1;
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75 }
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76
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77 while (size > 0)
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78 {
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79 chunk = size > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : size;
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80 if (!pCryptGenRandom(hCryptProv, chunk, buffer))
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81 {
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82 /* CryptGenRandom() failed */
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83 if (raise)
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84 PyErr_SetFromWindowsErr(0);
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85 else
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86 Py_FatalError("Failed to initialized the randomized hash "
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87 "secret using CryptoGen)");
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88 return -1;
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89 }
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90 buffer += chunk;
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91 size -= chunk;
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92 }
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93 return 0;
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94 }
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95 #endif /* MS_WINDOWS */
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96
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97
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98 #ifdef __VMS
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99 /* Use openssl random routine */
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100 #include <openssl/rand.h>
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101 static int
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102 vms_urandom(unsigned char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size, int raise)
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103 {
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104 if (RAND_pseudo_bytes(buffer, size) < 0) {
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105 if (raise) {
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106 PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
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107 "RAND_pseudo_bytes");
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108 } else {
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109 Py_FatalError("Failed to initialize the randomized hash "
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110 "secret using RAND_pseudo_bytes");
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111 }
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112 return -1;
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113 }
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114 return 0;
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115 }
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116 #endif /* __VMS */
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117
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118
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119 #if !defined(MS_WINDOWS) && !defined(__VMS)
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120
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121 /* Read size bytes from /dev/urandom into buffer.
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122 Call Py_FatalError() on error. */
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123 static void
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124 dev_urandom_noraise(char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
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125 {
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126 int fd;
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127 Py_ssize_t n;
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128
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129 assert (0 < size);
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130
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131 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
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132 if (fd < 0)
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133 Py_FatalError("Failed to open /dev/urandom");
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134
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135 while (0 < size)
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136 {
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137 do {
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138 n = read(fd, buffer, (size_t)size);
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139 } while (n < 0 && errno == EINTR);
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140 if (n <= 0)
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141 {
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142 /* stop on error or if read(size) returned 0 */
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143 Py_FatalError("Failed to read bytes from /dev/urandom");
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144 break;
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145 }
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146 buffer += n;
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147 size -= (Py_ssize_t)n;
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148 }
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149 close(fd);
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150 }
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151
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152 /* Read size bytes from /dev/urandom into buffer.
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153 Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
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154 static int
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155 dev_urandom_python(char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
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156 {
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157 int fd;
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158 Py_ssize_t n;
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159
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160 if (size <= 0)
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161 return 0;
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162
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163 Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
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164 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
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165 Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
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166 if (fd < 0)
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167 {
78901
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168 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NotImplementedError,
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169 "/dev/urandom (or equivalent) not found");
75066
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170 return -1;
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171 }
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172
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173 Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
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174 do {
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175 do {
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176 n = read(fd, buffer, (size_t)size);
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177 } while (n < 0 && errno == EINTR);
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178 if (n <= 0)
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179 break;
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180 buffer += n;
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181 size -= (Py_ssize_t)n;
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182 } while (0 < size);
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183 Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
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184
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185 if (n <= 0)
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186 {
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187 /* stop on error or if read(size) returned 0 */
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188 if (n < 0)
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189 PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
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190 else
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191 PyErr_Format(PyExc_RuntimeError,
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192 "Failed to read %zi bytes from /dev/urandom",
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193 size);
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194 close(fd);
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195 return -1;
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196 }
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197 close(fd);
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198 return 0;
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199 }
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200 #endif /* !defined(MS_WINDOWS) && !defined(__VMS) */
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201
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202 /* Fill buffer with pseudo-random bytes generated by a linear congruent
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203 generator (LCG):
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204
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205 x(n+1) = (x(n) * 214013 + 2531011) % 2^32
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206
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207 Use bits 23..16 of x(n) to generate a byte. */
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208 static void
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209 lcg_urandom(unsigned int x0, unsigned char *buffer, size_t size)
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210 {
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211 size_t index;
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212 unsigned int x;
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213
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214 x = x0;
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215 for (index=0; index < size; index++) {
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216 x *= 214013;
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217 x += 2531011;
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218 /* modulo 2 ^ (8 * sizeof(int)) */
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219 buffer[index] = (x >> 16) & 0xff;
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220 }
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221 }
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222
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223 /* Fill buffer with size pseudo-random bytes, not suitable for cryptographic
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224 use, from the operating random number generator (RNG).
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225
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226 Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
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227 int
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228 _PyOS_URandom(void *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
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229 {
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230 if (size < 0) {
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231 PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
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232 "negative argument not allowed");
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233 return -1;
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234 }
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235 if (size == 0)
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236 return 0;
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237
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238 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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239 return win32_urandom((unsigned char *)buffer, size, 1);
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240 #else
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241 # ifdef __VMS
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242 return vms_urandom((unsigned char *)buffer, size, 1);
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243 # else
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244 return dev_urandom_python((char*)buffer, size);
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245 # endif
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246 #endif
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247 }
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248
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249 void
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250 _PyRandom_Init(void)
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251 {
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252 char *env;
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253 void *secret = &_Py_HashSecret;
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254 Py_ssize_t secret_size = sizeof(_Py_HashSecret_t);
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255
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256 if (_Py_HashSecret_Initialized)
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257 return;
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258 _Py_HashSecret_Initialized = 1;
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259
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260 /*
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261 Hash randomization is enabled. Generate a per-process secret,
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262 using PYTHONHASHSEED if provided.
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263 */
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264
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265 env = Py_GETENV("PYTHONHASHSEED");
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266 if (env && *env != '\0' && strcmp(env, "random") != 0) {
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267 char *endptr = env;
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268 unsigned long seed;
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269 seed = strtoul(env, &endptr, 10);
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270 if (*endptr != '\0'
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271 || seed > 4294967295UL
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272 || (errno == ERANGE && seed == ULONG_MAX))
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273 {
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274 Py_FatalError("PYTHONHASHSEED must be \"random\" or an integer "
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275 "in range [0; 4294967295]");
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276 }
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277 if (seed == 0) {
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278 /* disable the randomized hash */
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279 memset(secret, 0, secret_size);
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280 }
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281 else {
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282 lcg_urandom(seed, (unsigned char*)secret, secret_size);
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283 }
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284 }
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285 else {
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286 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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287 (void)win32_urandom((unsigned char *)secret, secret_size, 0);
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288 #else /* #ifdef MS_WINDOWS */
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289 # ifdef __VMS
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290 vms_urandom((unsigned char *)secret, secret_size, 0);
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291 # else
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292 dev_urandom_noraise((char*)secret, secret_size);
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293 # endif
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294 #endif
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295 }
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296 }