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annotate Python/random.c @ 82876:a2128cb22372

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copy 2.7 magic numbers for historical interest
author Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
date Thu, 21 Mar 2013 23:04:45 -0500
parents e52df05b496a
children fe949918616c
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rev   line source
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1 #include "Python.h"
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2 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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3 #include <windows.h>
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4 #else
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5 #include <fcntl.h>
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6 #endif
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7
75127
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8 #ifdef Py_DEBUG
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9 int _Py_HashSecret_Initialized = 0;
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10 #else
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11 static int _Py_HashSecret_Initialized = 0;
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12 #endif
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13
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14 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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15 /* This handle is never explicitly released. Instead, the operating
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16 system will release it when the process terminates. */
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17 static HCRYPTPROV hCryptProv = 0;
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18
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19 static int
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20 win32_urandom_init(int raise)
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21 {
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22 /* Acquire context */
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23 if (!CryptAcquireContext(&hCryptProv, NULL, NULL,
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24 PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT))
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25 goto error;
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26
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27 return 0;
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28
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29 error:
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30 if (raise)
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31 PyErr_SetFromWindowsErr(0);
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32 else
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33 Py_FatalError("Failed to initialize Windows random API (CryptoGen)");
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34 return -1;
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35 }
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36
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37 /* Fill buffer with size pseudo-random bytes generated by the Windows CryptoGen
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38 API. Return 0 on success, or -1 on error. */
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39 static int
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40 win32_urandom(unsigned char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size, int raise)
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41 {
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42 Py_ssize_t chunk;
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43
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44 if (hCryptProv == 0)
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45 {
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46 if (win32_urandom_init(raise) == -1)
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47 return -1;
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48 }
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49
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50 while (size > 0)
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51 {
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52 chunk = size > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : size;
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53 if (!CryptGenRandom(hCryptProv, chunk, buffer))
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54 {
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55 /* CryptGenRandom() failed */
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56 if (raise)
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57 PyErr_SetFromWindowsErr(0);
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58 else
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59 Py_FatalError("Failed to initialized the randomized hash "
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60 "secret using CryptoGen)");
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61 return -1;
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62 }
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63 buffer += chunk;
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64 size -= chunk;
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65 }
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66 return 0;
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67 }
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68 #endif /* MS_WINDOWS */
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69
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70
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71 #ifdef __VMS
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72 /* Use openssl random routine */
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73 #include <openssl/rand.h>
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74 static int
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75 vms_urandom(unsigned char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size, int raise)
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76 {
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77 if (RAND_pseudo_bytes(buffer, size) < 0) {
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78 if (raise) {
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79 PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
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80 "RAND_pseudo_bytes");
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81 } else {
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82 Py_FatalError("Failed to initialize the randomized hash "
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83 "secret using RAND_pseudo_bytes");
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84 }
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85 return -1;
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86 }
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87 return 0;
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88 }
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89 #endif /* __VMS */
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90
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91
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92 #if !defined(MS_WINDOWS) && !defined(__VMS)
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93
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94 /* Read size bytes from /dev/urandom into buffer.
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95 Call Py_FatalError() on error. */
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96 static void
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97 dev_urandom_noraise(char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
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98 {
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99 int fd;
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100 Py_ssize_t n;
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101
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102 assert (0 < size);
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103
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104 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
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105 if (fd < 0)
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106 Py_FatalError("Failed to open /dev/urandom");
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107
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108 while (0 < size)
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109 {
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110 do {
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111 n = read(fd, buffer, (size_t)size);
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112 } while (n < 0 && errno == EINTR);
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113 if (n <= 0)
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114 {
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115 /* stop on error or if read(size) returned 0 */
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116 Py_FatalError("Failed to read bytes from /dev/urandom");
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117 break;
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118 }
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119 buffer += n;
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120 size -= (Py_ssize_t)n;
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121 }
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122 close(fd);
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123 }
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124
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125 /* Read size bytes from /dev/urandom into buffer.
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126 Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
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127 static int
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128 dev_urandom_python(char *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
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129 {
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130 int fd;
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131 Py_ssize_t n;
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132
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133 if (size <= 0)
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134 return 0;
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135
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136 Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
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137 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
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138 Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
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139 if (fd < 0)
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140 {
78901
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141 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NotImplementedError,
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142 "/dev/urandom (or equivalent) not found");
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143 return -1;
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144 }
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145
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146 Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
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147 do {
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148 do {
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149 n = read(fd, buffer, (size_t)size);
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150 } while (n < 0 && errno == EINTR);
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151 if (n <= 0)
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152 break;
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153 buffer += n;
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154 size -= (Py_ssize_t)n;
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155 } while (0 < size);
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156 Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
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157
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158 if (n <= 0)
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159 {
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160 /* stop on error or if read(size) returned 0 */
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161 if (n < 0)
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162 PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
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163 else
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164 PyErr_Format(PyExc_RuntimeError,
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165 "Failed to read %zi bytes from /dev/urandom",
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166 size);
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167 close(fd);
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168 return -1;
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169 }
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170 close(fd);
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171 return 0;
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172 }
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173 #endif /* !defined(MS_WINDOWS) && !defined(__VMS) */
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174
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175 /* Fill buffer with pseudo-random bytes generated by a linear congruent
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176 generator (LCG):
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177
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178 x(n+1) = (x(n) * 214013 + 2531011) % 2^32
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179
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180 Use bits 23..16 of x(n) to generate a byte. */
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181 static void
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182 lcg_urandom(unsigned int x0, unsigned char *buffer, size_t size)
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183 {
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184 size_t index;
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185 unsigned int x;
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186
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187 x = x0;
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188 for (index=0; index < size; index++) {
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189 x *= 214013;
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190 x += 2531011;
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191 /* modulo 2 ^ (8 * sizeof(int)) */
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192 buffer[index] = (x >> 16) & 0xff;
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193 }
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194 }
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195
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196 /* Fill buffer with size pseudo-random bytes, not suitable for cryptographic
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197 use, from the operating random number generator (RNG).
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198
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199 Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
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200 int
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201 _PyOS_URandom(void *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
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202 {
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203 if (size < 0) {
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204 PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
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205 "negative argument not allowed");
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206 return -1;
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207 }
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208 if (size == 0)
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209 return 0;
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210
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211 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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212 return win32_urandom((unsigned char *)buffer, size, 1);
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213 #else
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214 # ifdef __VMS
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215 return vms_urandom((unsigned char *)buffer, size, 1);
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216 # else
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217 return dev_urandom_python((char*)buffer, size);
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218 # endif
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219 #endif
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220 }
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221
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222 void
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223 _PyRandom_Init(void)
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224 {
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225 char *env;
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226 void *secret = &_Py_HashSecret;
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227 Py_ssize_t secret_size = sizeof(_Py_HashSecret_t);
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228
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229 if (_Py_HashSecret_Initialized)
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230 return;
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231 _Py_HashSecret_Initialized = 1;
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232
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233 /*
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234 Hash randomization is enabled. Generate a per-process secret,
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235 using PYTHONHASHSEED if provided.
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236 */
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237
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238 env = Py_GETENV("PYTHONHASHSEED");
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239 if (env && *env != '\0' && strcmp(env, "random") != 0) {
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240 char *endptr = env;
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241 unsigned long seed;
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242 seed = strtoul(env, &endptr, 10);
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243 if (*endptr != '\0'
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244 || seed > 4294967295UL
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245 || (errno == ERANGE && seed == ULONG_MAX))
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246 {
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247 Py_FatalError("PYTHONHASHSEED must be \"random\" or an integer "
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248 "in range [0; 4294967295]");
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249 }
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250 if (seed == 0) {
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251 /* disable the randomized hash */
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252 memset(secret, 0, secret_size);
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253 }
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254 else {
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255 lcg_urandom(seed, (unsigned char*)secret, secret_size);
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256 }
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257 }
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258 else {
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259 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
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260 (void)win32_urandom((unsigned char *)secret, secret_size, 0);
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261 #else /* #ifdef MS_WINDOWS */
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262 # ifdef __VMS
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263 vms_urandom((unsigned char *)secret, secret_size, 0);
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264 # else
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265 dev_urandom_noraise((char*)secret, secret_size);
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266 # endif
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267 #endif
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268 }
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269 }